Ontario Rabies Vector Species Exam Flashcards
What continents does rabies occur in
All of them
How many people die of rabies every year worldwide?
Approximately 55,000
What is the most common way that humans become infected by rabies, and by what animals
Most commonly, by the bite of infected dogs and cats, as well as wild carnivorous species (foxes, raccoons, skunks, jackals, wolves, and insectivorous vampire bats).
What caused the decrease in rabies cases in Canada and Texas
Oral vaccination programs
What is the economic burden of rabies detection, prevention, and control?
$300 million annually
What order does the rabies virus belong to
Mononegaviruses
What are the primary Rabies Vector Species in Ontario?
Raccoon, fox, skunk, and bat
What is the most common mode of transmission of rabies
Through bite and virus containing saliva
What is the eclipse phase
A period following the primary infection, when the virus cannot be easily detected within the host.
This may last for several days or months.
What is an incubation period, and how long is it?
The time from exposure to onset of clinical symptoms.
May last from a few days to several years, but usually lasts 1 to 3 months.
What factors affect the outcome of rabies exposure?
-Virus variant
-Dose of virus inoculum
-Route and location of exposure
-Individuals age and host immune defences
At what point is rabies almost always fatal
At the onset of clinical symptoms
Why should all RVS be considered at risk for developing rabies?
Because the incubation period can be up to a year before symptoms develop.
How far from the point of capture can an RVS be released?
1km. Non-RVS juveniles can be released up to 15km.
ONRAB
A made-in-Ontario oral rabies vaccine that shows promising results for all 3 primary rabies vector species.
Does not produce effective seroconversion in skunks.
