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Wildlife Rehabilitation Exam > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Accipiter

A

Genus and common name of a type of diurnal raptors (true hawks)

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2
Q

Altricial

A

Bird hatched in helpless condition, usually naked, eyes closed, cared for by parents in nest

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3
Q

Anemia

A

Deficiency of RBC, presents as weakness and pale mucous membranes

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4
Q

Antiseptics

A

Chemical agent applied to living tissue to prevent growth of microorganisms

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5
Q

Apnea

A

Cessation of breathing

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6
Q

Aspirate

A

Inhale fluid into bronchi and lungs

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7
Q

Ataxia

A

Incoordination or lack of controlled movements

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8
Q

Autecology

A

Natural history of a species, or ecology of an individual or breeding pair

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9
Q

BAR

A

Bright, alert, responsive

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10
Q

BID

A

2x daily, every 12 hrs

aka: q 12 hr

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11
Q

“Brancher”

A

Young bird not fully fledged, out of nest and hopping on branches

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12
Q

Brood

A

Birds hatched from a single clutch of eggs

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13
Q

Bumblefoot

A

Foot abscess seen in raptors and other birds.

Proper term: pododermatitis

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14
Q

Buteo

A

Genus and common name of a diurnal raptor (aka buzzards)

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15
Q

Canid

A

of the Canidae family (wolves, coyotes, and domestic dogs)

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16
Q

Candidiasis

A

Infection by fungi of the genus Candida. Aka thrush

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17
Q

Carrying capacity

A

Estimate of the population size of a species that can be supported by a specified area of a stable habitat

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18
Q

Cast

A

Undigested parts of prey (hair, bones, claws, teeth) eaten by raptors, which are regurgitated in the form of a pellet

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19
Q

Cere

A

Fleshy base of the upper mandible of some birds (raptors, pigeons)

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20
Q

Cestodes

A

Flatworm parasite (tapeworms are cestodes)

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21
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

Bone is splintered in more than 2 places

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22
Q

Conspecifics

A

Other individuals of the same species

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23
Q

Coprophagy

A

Eating their own feces. This is normal in rabbits and some rodents.

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24
Q

Crop

A

Enlargement of the esophagus in the neck area of some birds to temporarily store food

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25
Q

Cyanotic

A

Blue/purple colour of mucus membranes due to low O2 levels

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26
Q

Disinfectants

A

chemical agents applied on inanimate objects to kill pathogens

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27
Q

Dispersal

A

Movement of an individual animal from birth place to the site of first breeding (not necessarily a migration)

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28
Q

Ectoparasite

A

Parasite found on the outside of the body (flea, lice)

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29
Q

Edema

A

Swelling or thickening from fluid leaking from blood vessels

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30
Q

Endoparasite

A

Internal parasites (most types of worms)

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31
Q

Emancipated

A

Very thin, starved

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32
Q

Enteric

A

Pertaining to intestines or GI tract

33
Q

Epizootic

A

Disease that spreads rapidly and effects many animals

34
Q

Fledgling

A

Baby bird that has matured sufficiently to leave the nest but still may not be able to fly

35
Q

Gavage

A

Force feeding through a flexible tube placed down the esophagus

36
Q

Germicide

A

Broad term applied to chemical agents that kill microorganisms

37
Q

Gizzard

A

Muscular portion of a birds stomach; specialized for grinding food, ventriculus

38
Q

Habituation

A

Animal learns not to respond to stimuli that is frequently exposed to without any particular consequence

39
Q

Hacking

A

Gradually returning the animal to the wild (usually involves making food available to newly-released animals). Aka soft release.

40
Q

HBC

A

Hit by car

41
Q

Hypovolemic

A

Abnormally low blood volume or circulating fluid volume

42
Q

Immunosupppression

A

T and/or B clones of lymphocytes are depleted/suppressed in their reactivity, expansion or differentiation.

43
Q

Imping

A

Repairing damaged feathers using undamaged feathers from another bird

44
Q

Innervation

A

supply of nervous energy or of stimulation sent to a part

45
Q

Kcal

A

Aka kilocalorie and Calorie.

Equivalent to 1000 calories (Kcals are used on food labels)

46
Q

Keel

A

The protruding part of a birds breastbone where a the large flight muscles attach

47
Q

Lagomorph

A

Members of the order Lagomorpha (rabbits and hares)

48
Q

Milwaukee protocol

A

Experimental course of treatment of a rabies infection in a human

49
Q

Mycoplasmal conjunctivitis

A

Finch eye

A bacterial disease affecting the birds eye. Possibly spread by contaminated food, contact with infected birds, or contact with eye secretions on feeders

50
Q

Nestling

A

a baby bird too young to leave the nest, still depends on parents and is unable to maintain its body temperature without parents

51
Q

Parenteral

A

delivery of medications by routes other than oral (subcutaneous, IM or IV)

52
Q

Paresis

A

Severe weakness or partial paralysis of a limb

53
Q

Pellet

A

Roundish mass of bone and fur egested by raptors

54
Q

PCV

A

Packed cell volume. Volume of RBCs in blood

55
Q

Passerine

A

birds of the Order Passeriformes (sparrow-shaped). Also known as song birds

56
Q

Photoperiod

A

Proportion of hours of light to hours of darkness in a daily cycle

57
Q

Plumage

A

Entire feathery covering of a bird

58
Q

POTZ

A

preferred optimal temperature zone.

Temp required for reptiles to metabolize food and drugs, and do other normal functions

59
Q

Precocial

A

Birds that leave the nest soon after hatching, usually have strong legs, open eyes, and are more responsive to environment (quail, ducks, killdeer)

60
Q

Preening

A

use of bill or beak to clean and align feathers

61
Q

Proventriculus

A

Portion of a bird stomach that partially digests food before it moves to the gizzard (ventriculus)

62
Q

QAR

A

Quiet, responsive, alert

63
Q

QID

A

4x daily, every 6hrs

AKA q 6 hrs

64
Q

Radiograph

A

X-ray

65
Q

Raptor

A

Animal with taloned (raptorial) feet that are used to kill prey

66
Q

Refeeding syndrome

A

characterized by electrolyte and mineral imbalances; occurs when nutrients are introduced prematurely to an emaciated patient

67
Q

Roost

A

Sleep.

68
Q

Rumen

A

One part of a 4 compartment stomach to digest plant food like grass

69
Q

Septicemia

A

Invasion and replication of bacteria in blood

70
Q

Shock

A

Collapse of circulatory function due to severe blood loss, toxins, etc

71
Q

SID

A

once daily, every 24hrs.

AKA q 24 hrs

72
Q

Sterilization

A

Process of complete destruction of all forms of microbial life

73
Q

Talons

A

Specialized claws of a raptor

74
Q

Thiamine

A

Vitamin B1

Should be supplemented in birds that eat dead fish

75
Q

TID

A

three times daily, every 8 hrs

AKA q 8 hrs

76
Q

Trematodes

A

Parasitic flatwork with suckers (aka fluke)

77
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

Disease of the upper GI in birds caused by the protozoan Trichomonas gallinae; aka frounce or canker

78
Q

Uropygial gland

A

Oil gland above the base of the tail in most birds

79
Q

Zoonoses / zoonotic

A

Disease that can be spread between animals and humans.

Wildlife Rehabilitation Exam (11 decks)

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