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Clinical Medicine Master > Oncology (MR) > Flashcards

Oncology (MR) Flashcards

1
Q

Differentials for enlarged LN?

A

Infection Neoplasia Inflammatory Immune Mediated

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2
Q

Ruleouts for Infection of LN?

A

Tooth Abscess Salivary Gland Erlichia Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever Lymes Fungal

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3
Q

Pros and Cons of FNA (cytology)?

A

Cheap, Quick, Easy. Often gives dx Individual cells Cons: lack of tissue architecture Not always diagnostic sample Hemodilution and inflammation make it hard to decipher

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4
Q

What Neoplasia enlarge 1 ln?

A

mast cell tumor of head/neck melanoma Lymphoma Metastatic cancer

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5
Q

What is the most common oral tumor in dogs?

A

Melanoma

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6
Q

With Cytology what is the 1st question to ask yourself? 2nd ?:

A

Is this a diagnostic sample Cell type What are cell types (3 main)? Round Epithelial Mesenchymal

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7
Q

Mesenchymal cells nucleas?

A

Round or ovid

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8
Q

Cytoplasm of Mesenchymal cells?

A

Spindle w/

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9
Q

Diagnostics for Enlarged LN?

A

FNA Min Database

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10
Q

Differentials for enlarged LN?

A

Infection Neoplasia Inflammatory Immune Mediated

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11
Q

Ruleouts for Infection of LN?

A

Tooth Abscess Salivary Gland Erlichia Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever Lymes Fungal

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12
Q

Pros and Cons of FNA (cytology)?

A

Pros: Cheap, Quick, Easy. Often gives dx Individual cells Cons: lack of tissue architecture Not always diagnostic sample Hemodilution and inflammation make it hard to decipher

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13
Q

What Neoplasia enlarge 1 ln?

A

mast cell tumor of head/neck melanoma Lymphoma Metastatic cancer

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14
Q

What is the most common oral tumor in dogs?

A

Melanoma

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15
Q

With Cytology what is the 1st question to ask yourself? 2nd ?:

A

Is this a diagnostic sample Cell type What are cell types (3 main)? Round Epithelial Mesenchymal

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16
Q

Mesenchymal cells: Nucleus? Cytoplasm? Exfoliation?

A

Nucleus: round to ovoid Cytoplasm: spindle or fusiform, often have wispy tails Cells exfoliate individually Occasional clumps Samples are often poorly cellular

17
Q

Mesenchymal Cancer type: _________________?

A

Sarcoma

18
Q

Epithelial Cells: Nucleus? Cytoplasm? Exfoliate?

A

Nucleus: round ? Cytoplasm: round, ovoid, or angular, distinct and intact cytoplasmic borders Exfoliate well, in sheets or clumps

19
Q

Epithelial Cells: Cancer type: _______________?

A

Carcinoma

20
Q

Difficulty with epithelial cell samples?

A

Bacteria cannot make dx until understand presence of bacteria

21
Q

Round cells: Nucleus Cytoplasm? Exfoliate?

A

Nucleus: round Cytoplasm: round, scant to moderate amount . Exfoliate well, and individually (discrete)

22
Q

Round cell Cancer types?

A

Lymphoma Transmissible venereal tumor Plasmacytoma Histiocytoma Mast cell tumor

23
Q

What is the Great Cytologic Pretender?

A

Melanoma Amelanotic melanoma - look like other cancers. Need histopath

24
Q

Criteria of malignancy?

A

High or variable: Anisokaryosis Anisocytosis Chromatin clumping Nuclear molding Multinucleation Abnormal mitotic figures or increased numbers of mitotic figures

25
Q

When do you want Histopathology?

A

-Tissue articture -background inflammation - cant get sample on cytology

26
Q

Histopath is very Dependent on?

A

sample quality and quantity

27
Q

2 Types of histopath for smapling? How do you choose?

A

Pretreatment biopsy Excisional biopsy How big is it? Will total removal be therapeutic?

28
Q

Your first chance to cut is your chance to?

A

Cure

29
Q

Why would you Ink for margins?

A

Tells pathologist where margins are so they know if tumor incision is complete = did you get it all?

30
Q

Immunohistochemistry: looks for cell markers. Great for dx of?

A

Melanoma

31
Q

When is a pre-treatment biopsy recommended?

A

Type of treatment altered; Extent of surgery altered Difficult area to reconstruct/ obtain complete margins Knowledge of tumor type & prognosis

32
Q

When is pretreatment biopsy not indicated?

A

Treatment or extent of surgery not changed (splenic mass, testicular mass) Surgical procedure for biopsy as risky as surgery (spinal cord tumor)

33
Q

What should you suspect in a dog that is acutely vomiting?

A

Aspiration

Clinical Medicine Master (17 decks)

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