Oncology Congenital abnormalities

Question 1

Non-neoplastic disorders of growth

Answer 1

-normal coordinated cell proliferation and differentiation is lost
>typically congenital (hereditary or non-hereditary)

Question 2

Agenesis

Answer 2

-complete failure of development

Question 3

Aplasia

Answer 3

-failure to grow at all, or maintain growth
-nothing grows

Question 4

Aplastic anemia

Answer 4

-bone marrow fails to continue to produce new RBCs

Question 5

Hypoplasia

Answer 5

-failure to reach normal size
-some present

Question 6

Cerebellar hypoplasia

Answer 6

-feline- panleukopenia virus
-canine- parvovirus
-bovine- BVD?

Question 7

Multiple congenital abnormalities due to skunk cabbage ingestion

Answer 7

-results in many congenital abnormalities: cyclops, hairless, odd shaped/parrot mouth head, small

Question 8

Dysplasia

Answer 8

-proliferation with loss of regular differentiation, orderliness and cellular atypia
>reversible if cause is removed
>maybe precursor to cancer (precancerous)

Question 9

Hereditary choncrocysplasia

Answer 9

-abnormally short limbs
-bone development is abnormal
**abnormal development of cartilage growth plates

Question 10

Developmental malformations

Answer 10

-failure to fuse
-failure to separate
-failure to canalize
-failure to resorb
-ectopic locations
-accessory (supernumerary) tissues

Question 11

Failure to fuse example

Answer 11

• resulting in cleft palate and or cleft lip
  -means they cannot suckle as well and they tend to aspirate

Question 12

Failure to separate example

Answer 12

-Syndactyly- fusion of the bones/digits
>might/likely will result in gait abnormalities

Question 13

Failure to canalize example

Answer 13

-parts of colon have failed to fuse together and create a canal
>called Atresia coli

Question 14

Failure to resorb

Answer 14

-Meckel’s diverticulum
-abnormal outpouching that has failed to resorb

Question 15

Ectopic locations

Answer 15

-Ectopia cordis
-organs located on outside of normal location

Question 16

Supernumerary tissues

Answer 16

-means you have too many of ‘something’
-ex. pig with too many legs

Question 17

Agenesis example

Answer 17

-Tetra-amelia
-legs failed to grow

Question 18

Choristoma

Answer 18

-normal tissue that grows in an abnormal place
-ex. corneal dermoid- located on eye
-ex. dermoid cysts- hair growing within the body, can result in immune response because of the hair acting as a foreign body. Commonly occur in Rhodesian ridgebacks

Question 19

Hamartoma

Answer 19

-abnormal overgrowth of tissue in a normal location
>typically linked with large glands and hair follicles. So large amounts of hair growth in one location
-congenital (may continue to grow after birth)

Question 20

Acquired disorders of growth

Answer 20

-hyperplasia
-metaplasia
-dysplasia

Question 21

Feather and beak dysplasia

Answer 21

-linked with Psittacine circovirus
-feather and beak undergo dysplasia

Question 22

Cranioschisis

Answer 22

-failure of fusion of the bones of the skull

Question 23

Spina bifida

Answer 23

-failure of fusion of the spinal cord and skin