Oncology Congenital abnormalities Flashcards
Non-neoplastic disorders of growth
-normal coordinated cell proliferation and differentiation is lost
>typically congenital (hereditary or non-hereditary)
Agenesis
-complete failure of development
Aplasia
-failure to grow at all, or maintain growth
-nothing grows
Aplastic anemia
-bone marrow fails to continue to produce new RBCs
Hypoplasia
-failure to reach normal size
-some present
Cerebellar hypoplasia
-feline- panleukopenia virus
-canine- parvovirus
-bovine- BVD?
Multiple congenital abnormalities due to skunk cabbage ingestion
-results in many congenital abnormalities: cyclops, hairless, odd shaped/parrot mouth head, small
Dysplasia
-proliferation with loss of regular differentiation, orderliness and cellular atypia
>reversible if cause is removed
>maybe precursor to cancer (precancerous)
Hereditary choncrocysplasia
-abnormally short limbs
-bone development is abnormal
**abnormal development of cartilage growth plates
Developmental malformations
-failure to fuse
-failure to separate
-failure to canalize
-failure to resorb
-ectopic locations
-accessory (supernumerary) tissues
Failure to fuse example
- resulting in cleft palate and or cleft lip
-means they cannot suckle as well and they tend to aspirate
Failure to separate example
-Syndactyly- fusion of the bones/digits
>might/likely will result in gait abnormalities
Failure to canalize example
-parts of colon have failed to fuse together and create a canal
>called Atresia coli
Failure to resorb
-Meckel’s diverticulum
-abnormal outpouching that has failed to resorb
Ectopic locations
-Ectopia cordis
-organs located on outside of normal location
Supernumerary tissues
-means you have too many of ‘something’
-ex. pig with too many legs
Agenesis example
-Tetra-amelia
-legs failed to grow
Choristoma
-normal tissue that grows in an abnormal place
-ex. corneal dermoid- located on eye
-ex. dermoid cysts- hair growing within the body, can result in immune response because of the hair acting as a foreign body. Commonly occur in Rhodesian ridgebacks
Hamartoma
-abnormal overgrowth of tissue in a normal location
>typically linked with large glands and hair follicles. So large amounts of hair growth in one location
-congenital (may continue to grow after birth)
Acquired disorders of growth
-hyperplasia
-metaplasia
-dysplasia
Feather and beak dysplasia
-linked with Psittacine circovirus
-feather and beak undergo dysplasia
Cranioschisis
-failure of fusion of the bones of the skull
Spina bifida
-failure of fusion of the spinal cord and skin
