Oncology Flashcards
Birbeck’s granules
Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis
Which are the small round cell tumours
Rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, Ewing’s sarcoma
Side effects of anthracyclines (doxorubicin and daunorubicin)
Cardiotoxicity
Myelosuppression
Side effects of bleomycin
Pulmonary fibrosis
Side effects of cyclophosphamide
Cystitis, myelosuppression
Side effects of vincristine
Neuropathy
Side effects of cytosine arabinoside
Cerebellar toxicity
Side effects of methotrexate
Mucositis, pulmonary and hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression
Side effects of L-asparaginase and doxorubicin
Encephalopathy
DIC
Cardiomyopathy
Cells with ‘owl eye’ appearance
Reed Steinberg cells = Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Most likely diagnosis with painless lymphadenopathy, raised ESR, eosinophilia
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Retinoblastoma mutation
Rb1 mutation on 13q
Location of MEN1 gene
11q13.1
HNPCC gene
EPCAM gene MSH1 MLH1 MSH6 PMS2
Neurofibromatosis type 1 gene
NF1 on 17q
Neurofibromatosis type 2 gene
NF2 gene on 22
Associations with poor prognosis in Ewing’s sarcoma
Male sex Age >18 years Elevated LDH Anaemia Poor response to chemo Location of tumour: axial primary tumours are worse
Poor prognostic indicator for neuroblastoma
N-myc amplification
1p deletion
Mutation in Li-Fraumeni
p53
Risk of which cancer in Li Fraumeni
Soft tissue sarcomas
Cause of WAGR
11p13 deletion
What is WAGR syndrome?
Wilms’ tumour, aniridia, genitourinary malformation, retardation of development
Features of Denys-Drash syndrome
Ambiguous genitalia
Glomerulosclerosis, which can cause hypertension
Up to 90% get Wilms’ tumour
Where does medulloblastoma originate from?
Cerebellum
