Oncology

Question 1

Most common leukemia in childhood, peak at 2-6 y/o, M>F

Answer 1

ALL

Question 2

Diagnostic test for ALL

Answer 2

Bone marrow aspiration

>25% of BM as homogenous pop of lymphoblast

Question 3

Pathophysiology of ALL

Answer 3

Leukemic expansion and crowding out of the normal marrow

Question 4

DDX of ALL

Answer 4

infectious mononucleosis
JRA
Aplastic anemia
ITP

Question 5

Single most impt prognostic factor for ALL

Answer 5

treatment

Question 6

3 most impt predictive factor of ALL

Answer 6

Age of the patient at the time of dx
Initial leukocyte count
Speed to tx response

Question 7

Remission in ALL in lab result

Question 8

Complication of ALL tx

Answer 8

Tumor lysis syndrome

Question 9

Main chemotherapeutic agent in remission induction in ALL tx

Answer 9

Aspariginase for 4 weeks

Question 10

Consolidation phase in ALL tx lasts for…

Answer 10

14-28 weeks

Question 11

Maintenance phase for ALL

Answer 11

Mercaptopurine daily or methotrexate weekly for 2-3 yrs

Question 12

Sites of relapse in ALL

Answer 12

Bone marrow, CNS, testes

Question 13

Neoplasms of lymphoid cells

Answer 13

Lymphoma

Question 14

Staging for lymphoma

Answer 14

Ann-Arbor Staging

Question 15

Difference in PE finding of Hodgkin vs Nonhodgkin

Answer 15

Hodgkin: regional adenopathy
Nonhodgkin: systemic adenopathy

Question 16

Virus associated with Burkitts lymphoma

Answer 16

EBV

Question 17

Histo for Hodgkin’s

Answer 17

Reed Sternberg cells

Question 18

Most common NHL, 40%, Typical pic: African boy with unilat facial swelling

Answer 18

Burkitt lymphoma

Question 19

2/3 of brain tumors are located…

Answer 19

infratentorial (cerebellum mostly)

Question 20

Most common posterior fossa tumor, best prognosis

pic: 5-10 y, personality changes, with motor weakness, ataxia and seizures

Answer 20

Cerebellar astrocytoma

Question 21

Belongs to PNET, 2nd most common, originates at roof of 4th ventricle
pic:

Answer 21

Medulloblastoma

Question 22

3rd most common, infiltrates pons and brainstem

S/sx: personality changes, cranial nerve and long tract signs

Answer 22

Brain stem glioma

Question 23

Tumors occuring at 1st yr of life, with focal d/o

Answer 23

Supratentorial tumor

Question 24

Supratentorial tumor that has peripheral visual loss and sx of panhypopituitarism

Answer 24

Craniopharyngioma

Question 25

Renal tumor of embryonal origin, 2nd most common malignant abdominal tumor in childhood, 2-5 y/o

Answer 25

Wilms tumor

Question 26

Symptom of wilms tumor

Answer 26

Painless abdominal flank mass that does not cross the midline

Question 27

Predictors of bad prognosis on wilms tumor

Answer 27

large tumor St 3 and 4 anaplastic histo

Question 28

Embryonal tumor if neural crest cell origin, 3rd most common pedia cancer

Answer 28

Neuroblastoma

Question 29

Sx of neuroblastoma

Answer 29

Nontender abdominal mass which may cross the midline

Question 30

Dx test for neuroblastoma

Answer 30

Abdominal CT scan 24-hr urine VMA and HVA BUN, Crea, Bone scan, LFTs, CBC

Question 31

Stage of neuroblastoma with good prognosis, occurs in

Answer 31

Stage 4s

Question 32

Tumor of striated muscle, most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, occurs mainly on head and neck

Answer 32

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 33

3 diseases that causes blueberry muffin lesion

Answer 33

Congenital rubella Congenital CMV infx Disseminated neuroblastoma

Question 34

Highest risk for osteosarcoma to develop is...

Answer 34

adolescent growth spurt

Question 35

Sx of osteosarcoma

Answer 35

Deep bone pain causing nighttime awakening

Question 36

Classic xray finding of osteosarcoma

Answer 36

Sunburst pattern

Question 37

Cure for osteosarcoma

Answer 37

Complete surgical resection

Question 38

Site of predilection of osteosarcoma

Answer 38

metaphysis of long bone

Question 39

Site of predilection of Ewing sarcoma

Answer 39

Diaphysis of long bone

Question 40

Classic xray finding of Ewing sarcoma

Answer 40

Onion-skinning

Question 41

Primary tumor arising in the chest wall in ewing sarcoma

Answer 41

Askin tumor

Question 42

Most common malignant neoplasm in childhood

Answer 42

leukemia