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Pediatrics > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Sudden cessation of motor activity or speech w/ a blamk facial expression & flickering of eyelids

A

Absence seizures

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2
Q

Seizure with loss of sphincter control

A

Generalized tonic-clonic seizure

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3
Q

Seizure rare before 9 months and after 5 y/o, normal EEG, (+) family hx

A

Febrile seizure

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4
Q

Risk factors for febrile seizure

A

Early age of onset

(

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5
Q

Most common cause of status epilepticus

A

Breakthrough seizure

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6
Q

Febrile seizure that lasts more than 15 mins w/ focal seizure activity

A

Complex febrile seizure

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7
Q

Recurrent h/a with symptom

-free intervals and at least 3 of the ff: FRUANT

A

Migraine

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8
Q

Pathogenesis of migraine

A

cortical spreading depression

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9
Q

Most prevalent type of migraine

A

Migraine without aura

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10
Q

Indications for cranial CT scan jn migraine

A

abn neuro signs
behavioral changes
cluster h/a in

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11
Q

Persistent h/a lasting >3 days treated with prochlorperazine

A

Status migrainosus

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12
Q

Prophylactic tx for migraine

A

Propanolol

Flunarizine

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13
Q

bandlike h/a not assoc with N/V

A

tension h/a

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14
Q

When do you give prophylactic drugs for migraine?

A

More than 2-4 severe episodes monthly

Unable to attend school regularly

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15
Q

2 neurocutaneous syndromes

A

Tuberous sclerosis

Neurofibromatosis

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16
Q

Neurocutaneous syndrome that presents with tubers, hamartomas and ash leaf macules; may present with infantile spasms

A

Tuberous sclerosis

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17
Q

Presents with candle-dripping appearance in subependymal region

A

Tuberous sclerosis

18
Q

Orange peel lesion of tuberous sclerosis in childhood involving lumbosacral region

A

Shagreen patch

19
Q

Manifestation of TS in adolescents

A

Subungial or periungial fibromas

20
Q

Initial presentation of TS

A

infantile spasm

21
Q

retinal lesions in TS

A

Mulberry tumors

22
Q

Renal s/sx in TS

A

bilateral angiomyolipomas and cysts

23
Q

Most prevalent type of NF

A

NF-1

24
Q

Chromosome defect in Von Recklinghausen

A

Chromosome 17

25
Q

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Unilat cafe au lait spots
Precocious puberty

A

McCune Albright syndrome

26
Q

Cause of meningitis in the 1st 2 mos of life

A

Group B strep
Gram (-)
Enteric bacilli
Listeria monocytogenes

27
Q

Common cause of meningitis in 2 mo-12 y/o

A

Neisseria meningitidis
Hemophilus Influenzae
Strep pneumoniae

28
Q

DOC for N. meningitidis

A

Penicillin IV for 5-7 days

29
Q

DOC for Strep meningitis

A

3rd gen cephalosporins (ceftriaxONE and cefotaxIME)

30
Q

Give at least 2 s/sx for NF-1

A

6 or more cafe au lait spots sparing the face
axillary or inguinal freckling (2-3 mm hyperpigmented areas)
lisch nodules (2 or more) -hamartomas in iris
neurofibromas (2 or more)
optic glioma

31
Q

Complications of meningitis

A

Hydrocephalus

Subdural effusions

32
Q

What condition may exacerbate meningitis?

A

SIADH (hyponatremic seizures)

33
Q

Give s/sx of NF-2

A 
Bilateral acoustic neuroma;
Unilat acoustic neuroma or any 2 of the ff:
neurofibroma
meningioma
glioma
schwannoma
34
Q

2nd most prevalent malignancy in childhood

A

Brain tumors

35
Q

2/3 of brain tumors in children are ____ tentorial

A

infra

36
Q

most often found in cerebellum; presents with morning h/a, vomiting and new-onset falling/ stumbling gait; 4-8 y/o M

A

Medulloblastoma

37
Q

Circular patterns of tumor cells surrounding a center of neutrophils

A

Homer-Wright Rosettes

38
Q

Most common infratentorial tumor with best prognosis

A

Cerebellar astrocytoma

39
Q

Infratentorial tumor that can spread to extracranial sites

A

Medulloblastoma

40
Q

Supratentorial tumors w/c presents with panhypopituitarism

A

Craniopharyngioma

41
Q

Supratentorial tumor presenting with dec visual acuity

A

Optic glioma

42
Q

Encephlitis caused by CMV or AutoAb w/c presents with focal status epilepticus

A

Rasmussen encephalitis

Pediatrics (10 decks)

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