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Pediatrics > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Essential fatty acids

A

Linoleic acid

a-linolenic acid

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2
Q

LC-PUFA, essential for visual and cognitive devt

A

ARA

DHA

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3
Q

Minimal energy need, LC PUFA, CHO and fat

A

30 kcal/kg/24 h

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4
Q

RDA during 1st yr of life

A

80-120 kcal/kg/day

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5
Q

Essential for LBW infants (CAT)

A

Cystine
Arginine
Taurine

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6
Q

Energy requirements for children

A

55 CHO
10 CHON
30 fat

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7
Q

Feeding sched from birth to 9 mos

A

60-90 mL/ feeding

6-9 feedings/ day

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8
Q

Breastmilk at the start of feeding, high lactose and CHON

A

Foremilk

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9
Q

Creamy milk with high fat

A

Hind milk

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10
Q

Casein to whey ratio in mature milk

A

40:60

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11
Q

Milk in 1st 7 days postpartum, CHON-rich

A

Colostrum

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12
Q

Milk in D 10-14 now w/ high fat and lactose content

A

mature milk

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13
Q

Major energy source in breast milk

A

Fat

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14
Q

Most abundant breast milk FA

A

Palmitic and oleic acid

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15
Q

Conditionally essential AA for newborns

A

Taurine

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16
Q

Enhances absorption of Ca, Fe, Mn

A

Lactose

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17
Q

What enzyme is synthesized by the brush border of the intestine?

A

Lactase

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18
Q

Prebiotic, Nitrogen containging CHO w/c promotes colonization of Lactobacillus bifidus

A

Bifidus factor

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19
Q

Mineral essential for cytochrome oxidase enzymes synthesis

A

Copper

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20
Q

Progressive neurodegenerative condition w colorless friable hair w/ seizures and MR

A

Menkes kinky hair syndrome

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21
Q

Disease of the growing born which occurs in children only before fusion if the epiphyses d/t Vit D deficiency

A

Rickets

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22
Q

Night blindness in Vit A deficiency

A

Nyctalopia

23
Q

Abnormal dryness of the conjunctiva d/t Vit A deficiency

A

Xerophthalmia

24
Q

Oval or triangular spot of keratinized epithelium in the conjunctiva

A

Bitot’s spot

25
Q

Vit C deficiency

A

Scurvy

26
Q

Component of human breastmilk that compensates for low levels of endogenous lipase

A

Bile salt- stimulated lipase (BSSL)

27
Q

Hydrolytic enzyme present in the human breastmilk that breaks down peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall

A

Lysozyme

28
Q

Vitamin essential for vision, immunity and healing

A

Vitamin A

29
Q

Disease presenting with craniotabes, rachitic rosary, windswept deformity and Harrison groove

A

Rickets

30
Q

Treatment of Rickets

A

Vitamin D 300k-600k IU PO/ IM as 2-4 doses over 1 day

31
Q

Deficiency of this vitamin causes RBC hemolysis, loss of neural integrity, cerebellar dysfx, and pigmentary retinopathy

A

Vitamin E

32
Q

Vitamin for prothrombin formation and synthesis of coag factors 2,7,9,10

A

Vitamin K

33
Q

Deficiency of this vitamin causes beri-beri

A

Vit B1/ thiamine

34
Q

Deficiency of this vitamin causes angular cheilosis, anemia, and glossitis

A

Vit B2/ riboflavin

35
Q

Vitamin essential for redox rxn, deficiency causes pellagra, diarrhea and dementia

A

Vit B3/ niacin

36
Q

Symptom of Niacin deficiency described as erythematous fissured plaque on the neck

A

Casal necklace

37
Q

Cofactor in AA metabolism; can cause microcytic anemia; lowered by high-estrogen contraceptives

A

Vit B6

38
Q

Cofactor in carboxylase rxn in AA; deficiency causes alopecia, hypotonia and dermatitis

A

Biotin

39
Q

Characteristic depression of the sternum and the chostochondral junction, sharper than rachitic rosary, found in vit C def

A

Scorbutic rosary

40
Q

Treatment of scurvy

A

3-4 oz of orange or tomato juice

Vit C supp 100-200 mg PO

41
Q

Shelf-life of milk in room temp

A

4-6 h

42
Q

Shelf life of BM in chiller (

A

3-8 days

43
Q

Shelf life of BM in freezer (-18 - -20C)

A

6-12 mos

44
Q

Complementary food feeding starts when?

A

6 mos

45
Q

Adequate weight gain of infant daily when breastfeeding

for the 1st 3 mos

A

25g/ day

46
Q

of diapers wet daily in adequate BM feeding

A

at least 6 diapers/day (2-3 stools/ day)

47
Q

CHON and CHO malnutrition; Old man facies

A

Marasmus

48
Q

Protein malnutrition, presents with edema d/t hypoalbuminemia; lethargic, apathetic

A

Kwashiorkor

49
Q

Streaky red or gray hair in kwashiorkor

A

hypochromotrichia

50
Q

Children

A

FTT

51
Q

Rare complication of extreme exogenous obesity; s/sx: cardioresp distress and hypoventilation, polycythemia

A

Pickwinian syndrome

52
Q

For every 20% excess of ideal BW, the child needs ___ yrs of wt maintenance to attain ideal BW

A

1.5

53
Q

Intestinal lipase inhibitor for children >12 y/o

A

Orlistat

54
Q

Amount of nutrient intake recommended daily

A

RDA

Pediatrics (10 decks)

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