Oncology Flashcards
[Onc/Basic]
Temperature measurement method in neutropenic patients?
Oral
(No rectal due to risk of bacteremia due to rectal trauma)
[Onc/Leukemia]
Diagnosis?
4 Ps: pallor, pyrexia, purpura, pain
Bone pain
HSM, lymphadenopathy
High or low WBC, Anemia with low Retic, thrombocytopenia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
[Onc/Leukemia/ALL]
Poorer prognosis?
Age: __
Genetics: __ (2)
WBC count: __
Cell type: __ (2)
Disease response: __
Age: < 1 year or > 10 years
Genetics: Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22) or MLL gene (2)
WBC count: > 50K
Cell type: Mature B-cell or T-cell (2)
Disease response: Measurable residual disease at the end of induction
[Onc/Lymphoma]
Diagnosis?
Asymptomatic cervical or supraclavicular lymphadenopathies
+/- B symptoms: Night sweats, weight loss, fever
Hodgkin Lymphoma
[Onc/Lymphoma]
Diagnosis?
Abdominal pain or mass (can lead to intussusception)
Tumor lysis syndrome is common
Associatd with EBV infection
Burkitt lymphoma (NHL)
[Onc/Lymphoma/NHL]
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
St.Jude/Murphy staging system (4)?
Stage 1: single tumor
Stage 2: ≥ 2 nodal on the same side
Stage 3: involves both diaphragm
Stage 4: CNS or bone marrow involvement
[Onc/Chemo/Side effects]
Common chemotherapy side effects?
Methotrexate: __
Cyclophosphamide: __
Doxorubicin: __
Bleomycin: __
Vincristine: __
Cisplatin: __
L-asparaginase: __
Methotrexate: myelosuppression, renal, hepatotoxicity
Cyclophosphamide: hemorrhagic cystitis
Doxorubicin: cardiomyopathy
Bleomycin: pulmonary fibrosis
Vincristine: peripheral neuropathy
Cisplatin: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity
L-asparaginase: Pancreatitis
[Onc/CNS]
Most common primary CNS tumor: __
Most common malignant CNS tumor: __
Most common posterior fossa tumor: __
Most common primary CNS tumor: Glioma
Most common malignant CNS tumor: Medulloblastomas
Most common posterior fossa tumor: Cerebella astrocytoma
[Onc/Spinal]
Location of spinal tumor?
Symmetric weakness, increased LL DTR, sensory level deficit, up-going toes: __
Symmetric weakness, increased knee reflexes, decreased ankle reflexes, saddle sensory loss: __
Asymmetric weakness, loss of LL DTR, sensory deficit, down-going toes: __
Symmetric weakness, increased LL DTR, sensory level deficit, up-going toes: Above T10
Symmetric weakness, increased knee reflexes, decreased ankle reflexes, saddle sensory loss: T10 to L2
Asymmetric weakness, loss of LL DTR, sensory deficit, down-going toes: Below L2
[Onc/Abd/WT]
Wilms-associated syndrome (3)?
- WAGR syndrome (Aniridia, GU, Reduced intellectuality)
- Beckwith-Wiedmann syndrome (macroglossia, omphalocele)
- Denys-Drash syndrome (Nephropathy, male undervirilization)
[Onc/Bone]
Osteosarcoma vs Ewing sarcoma
__ :Diaphyses of long bones or flat bones, fever, weight loss, onion skinning x-ray
__ : metaphyses of long bones, history of injury, sunburst pattern x-ray
Ewing sarcoma :Diaphyses of long bones or flat bones, fever, weight loss, onion skinning x-ray
Osteosarcoma : metaphyses of long bones, history of injury, sunburst pattern x-ray
[Onc/TLS]
Tumor lysis syndrome lab finding
K: __
Phos: __
Ca: __
Uric acid: __
K: ↑
Phos: ↑
Ca: ↓
Uric acid: ↑
[Onc/Histiocytes]
Diagnosis?
Fever, weight loss, diabetes insipidus, draining otitis
Seborrheic skin rash
X-ray witih lytic lesions in the skull
Associated with diabetes insipidus
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
[Onc/Abd]
Diagnosis?
Lab test?
Asymptomatic abdominal mass
Thoracic tumor with ataxia, opsomyoclonus
Periorbital metastasis, racoon eyes
Neuroblastoma
- Lab:
Homovanillic acid
Vanillylmandelic acid
[Onc/Tumor marker]
High AFP (3): __
High b-hCG (2): __
High AFP (3): hepatoblastoma, endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor, hepatocellular carcinoma
High b-hCG (2): embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma
[Onc/CNS]
Diagnosis?
Prognosis?
Progressive double vision
Facial/limb weakness, difficulty swallowing
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
- Prognosis:
<5%
Difficult to resect, unresponsive to radiation/chemo
[Onc/Abd]
Diagnosis?
Asymptomatic mass
CT/MRI with claw sign: splaying of the kidney by the invading tumor
Wilms Tumor
