Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surgery > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Apocrine gland carcinoma px

A

1-2yrs if mass and LN excisions (and no adjunct treatment)

Highly malignant and metastatic potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Perianal adenoma px

A

Good - commonly benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Surgical margins required for a MCT

A

> 3cms + deep fascial plane

+ chemo/radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Soft tissue sarcoma behaviour

A

locally invasive - slow to met but will

may need radical excision ie. amputation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

melanoma tx options

A

sx excision + vaccine + chemo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

FNA limitations

A
  • fibrous/sarcomas do not exfoliate well
  • cannot rule anything out - can only rule in
  • cannot grade neoplasia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A mass you suspect is malignant would you rather a excision or incisional biopsy?

A
  • incisional (but do not extend margins!!)

- excisional makes potential re-resection difficult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what dog breed is associated with apocrine gland carcinomas?

A

cocker spaniels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why is minimal manipulation of the tumour important?

A

to prevent exfoliate of tumour cells + to not stimulate release of cytokines (MCT - histamine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

give an example of a biologic margin

A

fascia, tendon, cartilage

– collagen rich, low vascularity = natural barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a marginal excision?

A

en bloc removal of a tumour and pseudocapsule ‘shell out’ – for benign tumours (lipomas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is considered a wide margin?

A

> 3cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is considered a narrow margin?

A

<2-3cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what tumour types require wide excision?

A
  • plasmacytoma
  • mast cell tumour (G1-2)
  • cutaneous melanoma

’ well contained malignant disease’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which tumour types require radical excision?

A

infiltrative, highly malignant disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

always submit excised tissue for histologic examination –> surgical site marking
Why?

A

to confirm the diagnosis and confirm complete excision (good margins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are your options when you receive histo report that you have ‘dirty margins’?

A
  • Revisit surgical options: en bloc excision/radical excision of previous site
  • Adjunctive therapy - radiation/chemo
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a digital melanoma is more likely to be malignant or benign?

A

malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what advise would you give an owner of a dog with perianal adenoma?

A

It is very commonly benign.
The malignant form is an adenocarcinoma and associated with hypercalcaemia.
Recommend - Biochem to assess calcium levels
+ surgical exicison
+ castration

20
Q

Ddx for non-neoplastic oral masses

A
  • gingival hyperplasia
  • eosinophilic granuloma complex
  • osteomyelitis
  • lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
  • nasopharyngeal polyps
  • salivary mucoceles
21
Q

Malignant canine oral neoplasias

A
  • malignant melanoma
  • SCC
  • fibrosarcoma
  • osteosarcoma
22
Q

benign canine neoplasias

A

periodontal ligament tumours (odontogenic/epulides)

23
Q

Feline malignant oral neoplasias

A

SCC

24
Q

signalment canine oral malignant melanoma

A

older, male dogs w/ heavily pigmented mucosa

25
Q

behaviour of oral malignant melanoma

A
  • firm, vascular, rapidly growing mass –> bone invasion and dental disruption common
  • early mets to LNs and lungs
  • poor prognosis

+often necrosis + infection

26
Q

signalment canine oral SCC

A

older large breed dogs

27
Q

how does location affect behaviour of oral SCC?

A
  1. Rostral = locally invasive, low mets
  2. Caudal = invasive, high mets
  3. Tonsils = aggressive, high mets
  4. Lingual = aggressive
28
Q

appearance of oral SCC

A

red, friable, ulcerated +/- dental disruption and bony invasion

29
Q

prognosis of cat w/ sublingual SCC

A

grave (along w/ maxilla)

30
Q

prognosis of cat w/ mandibular SCC

A

fair prognosis w/ excision

31
Q

oral fibrosarcoma signalment

A

young dogs OR older 7-8yo large breed dogs

OR older cats

32
Q

appearance of oral fibrosarcoma

A

pink/red, firm, fixed, multilobulated, smooth

33
Q

behaviour of oral fibrosarcomas

A
  • locally invasive

- distant mets uncommon

34
Q

signalment of oral osteosarcomas

A

large breed dogs

35
Q

behaviour of oral osteosarcomas

A
  • distant mets
  • locally invasive
  • -> poor prognosis
36
Q

appearance and behaviour of ameloblastomas/acanthomatous epulis

A
  • gingiva and mucosa of tooth-bearing surface in medium to large breed dogs
  • benign
  • bony lysis/proliferation, alveolar bone resorption and tooth displacement
37
Q

appearance and behaviour of peripheral odontogenic fibromas

A
  • pendunculated, firm, smooth, pink
  • benign, slow growing
  • broader base
  • various amounts of calcification w/in mass (ossifying epulis)
38
Q

appearance and behaviour of odontomas

A
  • sharply defined mass of calcified material surrounded by narrow radiolucent band + variable tooth-like structures
  • benign
39
Q

treatment of dentigerous cysts

A
  • cyst w/ tooth/teeth embedded in wall –> surgical removal of the unerupted tooth and removal of cyst lining
40
Q

what is a feline inductive odontogenic tumour?

A

seen in young cats <18mo, on rostral maxilla locally invasive fibroameloblastoma - no mets

41
Q

Tongue neoplasia ddx

A

SCC

others: malignant melanoma, fibrosarcoma, plasmacytoma, haemangiosarcoma

42
Q

gross margin for oral neoplasia resection

A

1cm - maintain oral function and minimise deformity

43
Q

Resection of what % of the body of the tongue is well tolerated?

A

40-60%

44
Q

Complications of maxillectomies

A

mandibular canine teeth –> ulceration on lips

45
Q

complications of mandibulectomies

A
  • mandibular drift
  • mandibular instability, difficulty prehending food
  • ranula

Surgery (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions