Oncogenes

Question 1

What are the growth factor receptors?

Answer 1

1. ERB-2 (her2/neu)
2. Ret
3. Kit

Question 2

What are the signal transducers?

Answer 2

1. Ras

2. ABL

Question 3

What are the nuclear regulators?

Answer 3

1. C-myc
2. N-myc
3. L-myc

Question 4

What are the cell cycle regulators?

Answer 4

1. Cyclin D1

2. CDK4

Question 5

What are the tumor suppressor genes?

Answer 5

1. p53

2. Rb

Question 6

What is the regulator of apoptosis?

Answer 6

Bcl2

Question 7

What is the f=growth factor?

Answer 7

PDGF

Question 8

PDGF

Answer 8

• overexpression seen in astrocytoma

Question 9

ERB2

Answer 9

• HER2/neu

- amplification of epidermal growth factor seen in breast cancer

Question 10

Ret

Answer 10

• growth factor

- point mutation seen in MEN 2A, 2B and sporadic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

Question 11

Kit

Answer 11

• stem cell growth factor point mutation seen in GIST

Question 12

Ras

Answer 12

• GTP binding point mutation- GAP usually turns off Ras but this is mutated to turn it on
• seen in carcinomas, melanomas and lymphomas

Question 13

ABL

Answer 13

• tyrosine kinase translocation t9;22 with BCR

- CML and some ALL

Question 14

C-myc

Answer 14

• transcription factor regulator, t(8;14)

- Burkitt lymphoma

Question 15

Chromosome 14 has what?

Answer 15

the Ig heavy chain = always expressed

Question 16

N-myc

Answer 16

amplification of transcription factor

- seen in neuroblastoma

Question 17

L-myc

Answer 17

• amplification of transcription factor

- seen in small cell lung carcinoma

Question 18

Cyclin D1

Answer 18

• cell cycle regulator, translocation t11;14
• cyclin D allows G1 -> S
• Mantle cell lymphoma

Question 19

CDK4

Answer 19

amplification of cell cycle regulator

- seen in melanoma