Endo/GI Flashcards
Adrenal gland drainage left versus right?
Left-> left adrenal vain > left renal vein > IVC
Right > right adrenal vein > IVC
Delta cells of the pancreas?
secrete somatostatin
what effect does GH and B2 agonists have on insulin?
increase it!!
what effect does somatostatin and alpha2 agonists have on insulin?
decrease it!
What effect does TNFalpha, glucocorticoids and catecholamines have on insulin?
- they activate serine kinases that results in inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin and hinders down stream signaling of insulin
What hormones can increase prolactin?
- Phenothiazine
- TRH
- VIP
- Oxytocin
- Vasopressin
How does cortisol maintain blood pressure?
upregulates alpha1 receptors on arterioles
What are the 9 side effects of Cortisol supplementation?
- Cushings syndrome
- Thinning of the skin
- Easy bruisability
- Osteoporosis
- Adrenal cortical atrophy
- Peptic ulcers
- Diabetes
- Psychoses
- Immune suppression
How does cortisol act as an immunosuppressive?
- Inhibits production of PGs and LTs
- Causes demarginalization of neutrophils -> neutrophilia
- Blocks histamine release
- Reduces eosinophils
- Blocks !L-2
how does cortisol cause striae?
inhibits fibroblasts
what is the pharmacologic form of aldosterone?
Fludrocortisone
what cells does aldosterone work on?
principal cells of the collecting tubule
