Onc 7 - Cancer Drugs Part 2

Question 1

What are three platin molecule containing anticancer drugs? In which cancers are they used for? What are the SE?

Answer 1

Cisplatin. Carboplatin. Oxaliplatin. They have a GU association: used to treat testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer. SE: nephrotoxicity and ototoxic.

Question 2

What four type of drugs have the SE of causing Nephrotoxicity and Ototoxicity?

Answer 2

Vancomycin. Aminoglycosides. Loop diuretics. Cisplatin and carboplatin.

Question 3

Which two anticancer drugs inhibit Topoisomerase II? Topoisomerase I?

Answer 3

Topo II: Etoposide and Teniposide. Topo I: Irinotecan, Topotecan.

Question 4

What cancers are used to treat with Etoposide?

Answer 4

Small cell lung cancer. Prostate cancer. Testicular cancer.

Question 5

What is the cocktail of anticancer drugs to treat testicular cancer?

Answer 5

[Eradicate Ball Cancer] Etoposide. Bleomycin. Cisplatin. Replace bleomycin for ifosfamide in certain cases.

Question 6

Irinotecan is used for which type of cancer?

Answer 6

Metastatic colon cancer.

Question 7

Topotecan is used for which type of cancer?

Answer 7

Small cell lung cancer. Ovarian cancer. Cervical cancer.

Question 8

Which three anticancer drugs work by inhibiting microtubule formation?

Answer 8

Vincristine. Vinblastine. Paclitaxel.

Question 9

What is the MOA of Vincristine? What type of cancer is it effective? What are the SE?

Answer 9

Blocks polymerization of microtubules. Used in Hodgkin lymphoma, Wilms tumor, Ewing sarcoma, Choriocarcinoma. SE: Neurotoxicity, peripheral neuritis.

Question 10

What is the one thing that distinguishes Vincristine vs Vinblastine?

Answer 10

They both work by blocking polymerization but Vinblastine causes myelosuppression (Vinblastine blasts marrow).

Question 11

What is the MOA of Paclitaxel?

Answer 11

[taxes are used to Stabilize society] Instead of blocking microtubule polymerization like vincristine or vinblastine, it hyperstabilizes microtubles so they can’t be broken down, inhibiting mitosis.

Question 12

In what cancers do we use Paclitaxel? What are the SE?

Answer 12

Used in ovarian cancer and breast cancer. SE are myelosuppression and hypersensitivity reactions.

Question 13

What 7 drugs block microtubule formation?

Answer 13

Vincristine. Vinblastine. Paclitaxel. Mebendazole. Albendazole. Griseofulvin. Colchicine.

Question 14

What is the MOA of Hydroxyurea?

Answer 14

Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase.

Question 15

Why is prednisone used in cancer?

Answer 15

It inhibits apoptosis in neutrophils but trigger apoptosis in lots of other cells like lymphoid cells (use in lymphoid tumors: CLL, Hodgkin lymphoma).

Question 16

What is the MOA of Trastuzumab? When do we use it? What are the SE?

Answer 16

Monoclonal antibody against HER-2. Used to treat breast cancer that over-express HER-2. It is cardiotoxic.

Question 17

What is the MOA of Rituximab? When do we use it?

Answer 17

Antibody against CD20. Used in lymphomas and leukemias, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, pemphigus vulgaris, immune thrombocytopenia.

Question 18

What is the MOA of Imatinib? When do we use it?

Answer 18

It is an enzyme inhibitor. Targets mutant BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase produced by Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22). Used in CML, ALL, AML.

Question 19

Which anticancer drug fits the following description: Cross-linking DNA, nephrotoxic, ototoxic.

Answer 19

Cisplatin. Carboplatin. Oxalipatin.

Question 20

Which anticancer drug fits the following description: Prevents tubulin disassembly.

Answer 20

Paclitaxel.

Question 21

Which anticancer drug fits the following description: inhibits ribonucleotide reductase.

Answer 21

Hydroxyurea.

Question 22

Which anticancer drug fits the following description: inhibitor of the mutated tyrosine kinase produced by the philadelphia chromosome.

Answer 22

Imatinib.

Question 23

Which anticancer drug fits the following description: monoclonal antibody against HER-2.

Answer 23

Trastuzumab.

Question 24

Which anticancer drug fits the following description: SERM that does not increase the risk of endometrial cancer.

Answer 24

Reloxafine.