Onc 2 - Cancer Risk Factors

Question 1

What lung cancers are associated w/ cigarette smoke?

Answer 1

[S.S. Cigarettes] Small cell and Squamous cell.

Question 2

What cancers are associated w/ cigarette smoke?

Answer 2

Lung. Oral. Squamous cell laryngela. Esophageal. Pancreatic. Transitional cell bladder. Renal cell.

Question 3

What cancers are associated w/ alcohol?

Answer 3

Oral. Laryngeal. Squamouse cell esophagus (and not adenoma, because that is from GERDs). Hepatocellular.

Question 4

What is Aflatoxin And where do we find it? What cancer is associated w/ this toxin?

Answer 4

Toxin produced by Asperfillus molds growing on corn, soybeans, or peanuts. Thought to cause a mutation in p53 tumor suppressor gene, that leads to Hepatocellular carcinoma. Mostly a problem in developing countries.

Question 5

What do we find Nitrosamines and what cancers are associated with it?

Answer 5

Found in smokes foods. Associated w/ Gastric cancer and Squamous cel esophageal cancer.

Question 6

What cancers are associated with Arsenic?

Answer 6

Lung cancer. Squamous cell skin cancer. Angiosarcoma.

Question 7

What cancers is associated with Vinyl chloride?

Answer 7

Angiosarcoma.

Question 8

What cancers are associated with Alkylating agents?

Answer 8

Type of chemicals in cyclophosphamide and nitrogen-mustards. They are associated w/ leukemia, lymphoma.

Question 9

What cancers are associated w/ Benzene?

Answer 9

Leukemia. Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Question 10

What cancer is Naphthalene associated with?

Answer 10

Transitional cell bladder cancer.

Question 11

What cancers are associated with Asbestos?

Answer 11

Bronchogenic carcinoma. Malignant mesothelioma.

Question 12

What cancers are associated with Cadmium?

Answer 12

Prostate and lung cancer.

Question 13

What cancers are associated with Chromium compounds?

Answer 13

Lung cancer.

Question 14

What cancers are associated with Nickel sulfide?

Answer 14

Lung cancer, upper airway cancers.

Question 15

What are the most common cancers associated with ionizing radiation?

Answer 15

Myeloid leukemias (AML, CML). Thyroid cancer.

Question 16

What cancers are associated with UV radiation exposure? Which type of UV radiation is most problematic?

Answer 16

Skin cancer: Squamous cell, Basal cell, Melanoma. [UVB is Bad] The UVB causes pyrimidine dimers in DNA. UVC rays are filtered out by ozone layer and UVA can induce generation of free radicals but contributes slightly to skin cancer risks.

Question 17

What is the cause of Li-Fraumeni syndrome?

Answer 17

An inherited defect of p53 gene.

Question 18

What is Actinic keratosis and what is the treatment for it?

Answer 18

Due to sun exposure. Precursor to squamous cell skin cancer. Tx: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).

Question 19

What cancer is associated with Autoimmune disease and immunodeficiency diseases?

Answer 19

Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas.

Question 20

What neoplasms are associated w/ Tuberous sclerosis?

Answer 20

Cardiac rhabdomyoma. Renal angiomyolipoma. Astrocytoma.

Question 21

What cancers are associated with Hepatitis C?

Answer 21

Hepatocellular cancer. Thyroid cancer.

Question 22

What cancers are associated with EBV?

Answer 22

Hodgkin lymphoma. Burkitt lymphoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Question 23

What cancers are associated with Schistosoma haematobium?

Answer 23

Squamous cell cancer of the bladder.

Question 24

What cancers are associated with Clonorchis sinensis?

Answer 24

Biliary carcinoma.

Question 25

What neoplasm is associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis?

Answer 25

Lymphoma of the thyroid.

Question 26

What neoplasm is associated with Down syndrome?

Answer 26

ALL. AML.

Question 27

What neoplasm is associated with Ataxia-telangiectasia?

Answer 27

Leukemia. Lymphoma.

Question 28

What neoplasm is associated with Paget disease of bone?

Answer 28

Osteosarcoma.