OMM for respiratory Flashcards
What are the parasympathetic effects on the lungs?
Bronchoconstriction Gland secretions (mucus)
What is the effect of the sympathetics on the lungs?
Bronchodilation
Vasoconstriction of arterioles in the area of tissue injury
What is the sympathetic supply to the head and UE?
Cervical ganglia
What is the sympathetic supply to the lower extremities?
Lumbar splanchnic nerves
What are the three major issues with sympathetic tone?
Vasoconstriction
Thickened secretions
Decrease drainage
What is breathing (ventilation)?
Physical movement of air into the lugs
What is respiration?
Air exchanged for CO2 at the cellular level
What are the three major factors that play a role in adequate ventilation?
- proper motions of the thoracic cage
- mechanical properties of the airways
- lung parenchymal units
What are the three major factors that play a role in adequate respiration?
- Vd and blood flow through pulmonary circulation
- Vd and distribution of ventilation in the lungs
- Diffusion characteristics of CO2 across the air-blood barrier
What are the accessory muscles used in elevating the diaphragm/rib cage? (5)
SCM Serratus anterior Scalenes Pecs External intercostals
What are the accessory muscles used in depressing the diaphragm/rib cage? (4)
- Rectus abdominus
- Internal intercostals
- serratus posterior inferior
- lat dorsi
What is the effect of fixing the arms while trying to breath?
The muscles of the shoulder girdle elevate and expand the thorax
What is the role of the vagus nerve in respiration?
Innervation to the carotid bodies
What is the role of the phrenic nerve is respiration?
Diaphragmatic control
What is the role of the intercostal nerves (T1-L2) on respiration?
Intercostal muscles
What are the four major fascial planes that should be treated for respiratory complaints?
Thoracoabdominal
Cervicothoracic
Urogenital
Tentorium cerebelli
What is the histological change that can occur with parasympathetic overtone in the lungs?
Increased goblet cells
What is the dominant parasympathetic innervation to the lungs?
Vagus
What is the normal lymphatic return rate?
Entire serum in 24 hours
Why is it important to address the OA in respiratory complaints?
-vagus and ganglia
What is the common cause if increase sympathetic tones to the lungs? Why?
Rib dysfunctions since sympathetic ganglia lie in front of the ribs
What happens to the ribs with chronic coughing?
Locked down SD
Why do you not want to treat rib SDs with HV/LA for sympathetic overtone?
May increase sympathetic tone from quick motion
At what degree of scoliosis is respiratory function compromised?
More than 50 degrees
What are the bony attachments of the diaphragm? (4)
L1-L2 on the left
L1-L3 on the right
Lower 6 ribs
Xiphoid
What are the two major muscles of the back that have attachments to the diaphragm?
Psoas
QL
What is the role of the QL in breathing?
Locks down the 12th rib
What are the two major muscles of the UE that play a role in respiration
Pecs
Lat dorsi
What happens to the tissues with lung congestion?
Hardening of the tissues
What spinal levels are affected with lung problems?
T1-T6 or T1-T12.
RUL levels = ?
T-T3
RML levels = ?
T3-T4
RLL levels = ?
T5-T6
LUL levels = ?
T1-T3
LLL levels = ?
T4-T6
Palpatory findings of SDs d/t pneumonia will precede radiographic findings by how many hours
24-48 hours
Name that disease: Inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma by a microbial agent
Pneumonia
Name that disease: chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes spasms and edema leading to narrowing of the airways.
Asthma
Name that disease: Inflammation of the bronchi that causes acute onset of cough, sputum production, and ssx of a URI
Acute bronchitis
Name that disease: recurrent cough with sputum production that persists for at least 3 months in at least 2 consecutive years
Chronic bronchitis
When should the OA and AA be treated in patients with asthma? Why?
Only after all else has been completed. If done before, will heighten parasympathetic response and make them worse
Besides the OA and AA, what other area should be addressed? Why?
T10-L1 to increase anti-inflammatory effects
Why should the IT spread be utilized for respiratory issues?
Address UG diaphragm
Why should the QL be treated for respiratory concerns?
Attached to rib 12
