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Medicine > OME Nephro > Flashcards

OME Nephro Flashcards

1
Q

What do RBC casts on UA mean?

A

Glomerulonephritis

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2
Q

What do WBC on UA mean?

A

Pyelonephritis

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3
Q

What do muddy brown casts on UA mean?

A

ATN

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4
Q

What do waxy casts on UA mean?

A

CKD

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5
Q

What are four causes of post-renal failure?

A
  1. stone
  2. cancer
  3. BPH
  4. neurogenic bladder
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6
Q

What are the two causes of acute tubular necrosis?

A
  1. toxins such as contrast and rhabdo

2. low flow causing shock kidney

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7
Q

What are the 5 indications of dialysis?

A 
AEIOU
Acidosis 
Electrolytes (Na/k) 
Ingestion of toxins 
Overload (CHF, edema) 
Uremia (pericarditis)
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8
Q

Medication for hyperparathyroidism?

A

Cincacalcet

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9
Q

Medication for hyperphosphatemia?

A

Sevelamer

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10
Q

Four main features of nephrotic syndrome?

A

HTN
Nephrotic range proteinuria
Edema
Hypercholesterolemia

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11
Q

Three features of nephritic syndrome?

A

hematuria
HTN
Oliguria

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12
Q

What is the rule for sodium correction?

A

No faster than 0.25 mEq/Hour

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13
Q

Treatment of symptomatic hypercalcemia? 3

A

IVF until dilute
Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin adjunct

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14
Q

Dx hyperparathyroidism?

A

labs: elevated PTH and calcium, low phos

Sestamibi scan

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15
Q

Tx hyperparathyroidism?

A

parathyroidectomy

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16
Q

What is primary hyperparathyroidism caused by?

A

Adenoma

17
Q

What is secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by?

A

CKD - normal physiologic response to low calcium

18
Q

What causes tertiary hyperparathyroidism?

A

long-standing CKD causing multiple adenomas

19
Q

Dx vitamin D def?

A

Vit D levels

20
Q

Tx vit d def?

A

Ca + vit D
Vit D 50,000 units/week
Bisphosphonates

21
Q

Meds for someone with CKD?

A

Cincacalcet
Sevelamer
Ca + Vit D3

22
Q

Treatment of Hyperkalemia?

A
  1. IV calcium
  2. Insulin + D50
  3. Diuretics
  4. Kayexalate
  5. Dialysis
23
Q

Dx Kidney stones?

A
  1. UA

2. Non con CT scan

24
Q

Tx of a small kidney stone?

A

IVF and analgesia

25
Q

Tx of a large kidney stone?

A

Surgery

26
Q

Dx a complex cyst?

A

CT scan or US if pregnant

27
Q

Tx of complex cyst?

A

resection

28
Q

How will a complex kidney cyst present?

A

flank mass
pyelo
pain
hematuria

29
Q

What are all the organs affected in ADPKD

A

Kidney
Liver
Pancreas
Brain - berry aneurysm

30
Q

MUDPILES?

A 
Methanol 
Uremia 
DKA 
Propylene glycol 
Izoniazid/Iron 
Lactic acid 
Ethanol 
Salicylates

Medicine (8 decks)

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