First Aid GI Flashcards
Treatment of sialolithiasis?
NSAIDS, gland massage, warm compress, sour candies
Malignant salivary gland tumors can cause what adverse affect?
Facial paralysis or pain due to facial nerve compression by the tumor
What is the most common salivary gland tumor?
pleomorphic adenoma
What causes achalasia?
Failure of LES to relax due to loss of myenteric plexus
How does achalasia present?
Progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids
What organism can cause secondary achalasia?
T Cruzi in chagas disease
How does diffuse esophageal spasm present?
dysphagia and angina like chest pain
What is seen on barium swallow for diffues esophageal spasm?
corkscrew esophagus
Treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm?
nitrates and CCBs
How does eosinophilic esophagitis usually present?
Heart burn people being treated for GERD but acid suppression therapy doesn’t stop it
Treatment for eosinophilic esophagitis?
steroids
What is the difference between boorhave syndrome and mallory weiss syndrome?
Boorhave is rupture through all layers of GI tract
Mallory-Weiss only causes lacerations to the mucosa and submucosa
What causes esophageal varices?
portal hypertension from chronic alcohol consumption/liver cirrhosis
An alcoholic with painless hematemesis vs an alcoholic with painful hematemesis?
varices vs mallory weiss
What is the triad of plummer vinson syndrome?
dysphagia
iron def anemia
esophageal webs
What is barretts esophagus?
replacement of the squamous epithelium of the esophagus with intestinal epithelium because of chronic GERD
Cancer of the upper 2/3 of esophagus?
Cancer of the lower 1/3 of esophagus?
SCC from alcohol, smoking, hot liquids
Adenocarcinoma from chronic GERD, barretts, obesity and smoking
What causes a curling ulcer and what causes a cushing ulcer?
Burns causing hypovolemia and mucosal ischemia
Brain injury due to increased vagal stimulation increased acid production
What are the two causes of chronic gastritis?
H pylori (MCC) Autoimmune Abs to H/K APTase
What is the leser-trelat sign?
multiple sebhorreic keratoses indicating gastric cancer
How can a perforated duodenal ulcer present on x ray?
pneumoperitoneum (air under the diaphragm)
What antibodies are found in celiac disease?
IgA Anti tissue transglutaminase abs
anti endomysial abs
anti deamidated gliadin peptide abs
How does lactose intolerance present?
osmotic diarrhea with a decreased stool pH
How can you diagnose lactose deficiency?
Hydrogen breath test
