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Step 3 > OME - Day 9 > Flashcards

OME - Day 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Macrocytic anemia, what is the next step?

A

Blood smear (not B12 and Folate)

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2
Q

Megaloblastic anemia, differential?

A

B12 deficiency and Folate deficiency.

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3
Q

Normocytic anemia, decreased reticulocyte count, differential?

A

Cancer and CKD

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4
Q

Normocytic anemia, elevated reticulocyte count, differential?

A

Hemorrhage and Hemolysis

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5
Q

Pallor, tachycardia, dyspnea on exertion, diagnosis?

A

Anemia

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6
Q

Two tests you should look at with every anemia

A

MCV and Retic Count

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7
Q

What are 4 causes of Microcytic anemia?

A

Iron Deficiency, Anemia of Chronic Inflammatory Disease, Thalassemia, and Sideroblastic

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8
Q

Diagnose Pernicious anemia, what’s the best test?

A

EGD with biopsy showing atrophy of gastric mucosa

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9
Q

Diagnose Pernicious anemia, what’s the first step?

A

Anti-IF and Anti-parietal cell antibodies

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10
Q

Tea and toast diet, diagnosis?

A

Folate deficiency

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11
Q

What leads to a non-megaloblastic anemia?

A

Lead, Toxins, Cirrhosis

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12
Q

What separates B12 from folate deficiency?

A

Neurologic symptoms (irreversible)

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13
Q

What test can you get if the B12 and Folate are equivocal?

A

Methylmalonic Acid (B12 def elevated, Folate def not elevated)

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14
Q

A picture of a red blood cell with a circle of darkly pigmented iron, what’s the diagnosis?

A

Sideroblastic anemia (ringed sideroblasts)

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15
Q

Decreased Ferritin, increased TIBC, decreased iron, diagnosis?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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16
Q

Elevated ferritin, decreased TIBC, decreased iron, diagnosis?

A

Anemia of chronic inflammatory disease

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17
Q

How do you diagnose thalassemia?

A

Hemoglobin electrophoresis

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18
Q

How do you treat iron overload from blood transfusions?

A

Deferoxamine, Deferasirox (not phlebotomy)

19
Q

Hydrops Fetalis, diagnosis?

A

4 alpha genes deleted, incompatible with life

20
Q

Iron deficiency anemia in an old man, what’s the diagnosis and next step?

A

Colon cancer, get a c-scope

21
Q

Normal iron studies in an Asian, diagnosis?

A

Thalassemia

22
Q

Thalassemia Major, diagnosis and next step?

A

Monthly transfusions to support life, iron overload

23
Q

Thalassemia Minor, diagnosis and next step?

A

Has mild anemia, does not need treatment

24
Q

What one test do you get to separate microcytic anemias?

A

Ferritin

25
Q

African American man, anemia, jaundice, joint pain, bone pain, how would you treat?

A

O2, IVF, Pain Control

26
Q

African American man, anemia, jaundice, joint pain, bone pain, priapism, how would you treat?

A

Exchange transfusion (priapism)

27
Q

Aplastic anemia in a sickle cell patient - causative organism?

A

Parvovirus B19

28
Q

Bite Cells shows what?

A

G6PD Deficiency

29
Q

CD55 Negative?

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

30
Q

Heinz Bodies shows what?

A

G6PD Deficiency

31
Q

How do you diagnose hereditary spherocytosis?

A

Osmotic Fragility test (spherocytes on smear is wrong)

32
Q

How do you diagnose Sickle cell Disease?

A

Hgb Electrophoresis (first time), Sickled Cells on smear (for crisis)

33
Q

How do you test for Paroxysmal Nocturn Hemoglobinuria?

A

Flow Cytometry (Decreased CD55 and CD59)

34
Q

How do you test for warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

A

Coomb’s test

35
Q

Mediterranean man, salads, and HIV drugs, diagnosis?

A

G6PD Deficiency

36
Q

Sickle Cell patient with chest pain and fluffy infiltrates on chest-x-ray, diagnosis and next step?

A

Acute chest, exchange transfusion

37
Q

Smear for sickle cell anemia shows what?

A

Sickled Cells

38
Q

What is the best test for Hereditary Spherocytosis?

A

Osmotic Fragility

39
Q

What test for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia?

A

Coomb’s test

40
Q

What’s the best test for sickle cell anemia?

A

Hgb Electrophoresis

41
Q

What’s the treatment for a pain crisis in sickle cell?

A

IVF, O2, Pain Control

42
Q

What’s the treatment for hereditary spherocytosis?

A

Splenectomy (fixes anemia, not spherocytes)

43
Q

What’s the treatment for Sickle Cell chronically, reduce attacks?

A

Hydroxyurea

Step 3 (26 decks)

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