OME - Day 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four medications everyone with CAD should be on?

A

Aspirin, Statin, Ace-inhibitor, and Beta-blocker

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2
Q

What class of medication prevents death in the first 24 hours post MI?

A

Beta Blockers

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3
Q

You want a stress test, but the patient has heart failure, so what kind of stress test do you do?

A

Nuclear

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4
Q

You want a stress test, but the person has ANY reason they can’t walk. What kind of stress test do you do?

A

Pharmacologic stress test

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5
Q

A cath is performed and there’s 3 vessel disease. What’s the next step?

A

CABG

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6
Q

What’s the magic time where you give tPA rather than transport for PCI in STEMI?

A

60 minutes

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7
Q

You want a stress test, but the patient has a history of a CABG, so what kind of stress test do you do?

A

Nuclear

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8
Q

A person calls EMS with chest pain and known coronary artery disease; what’s the first step?

A

Nitro (not aspirin)

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9
Q

A person comes into the ED with chest pain; what do you give them first?

A

Aspirin (not nitro)

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10
Q

A cath is performed and the LAD and left circumflex are blocked. What’s the next step?

A

CABG

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11
Q

Dyspnea on exertion, worsening orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - diagnosis?

A

Congestive Heart Failure

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12
Q

What medication do you give if there’s volume overload in a CHF patient?

A

Loop diuretics (IV in exacerbation, PO if not exacerbated)

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13
Q

At what ejection fraction should someone be considered for AICD placement?

A

EF < 35% (and Stages I-III)

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14
Q

You suspect CHF exacerbation;

what’s the first step?

A

ECG (to rule out arrhythmia and infarction)

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15
Q

You suspect CHF;

what blood test do you get?

A

BNP (Brain natriuretic peptide)

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16
Q

You suspect CHF;

which imaging do you order?

A

2D Echo aka Echocardiogram

17
Q

A pregnant woman has a rumbling systolic murmur with an opening snap. Diagnosis?

A

Mitral valve prolapse

18
Q

Crescendo-Decrescendo Murmur right sternal border?

A

Aortic Stenosis

19
Q

First line treatment for mitral stenosis?

A

Balloon Valvotomy

20
Q

Old man passes out while shoveling snow; what’s the most likely murmur?

A

Aortic Stenosis

21
Q

Septic Shock from Aortic Insufficiency gets?

A

Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump

22
Q

Teenager who gets profound dyspnea while playing a sport, diagnosis?

A

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy

23
Q

Treatment for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy?

A

Beta-blockers (avoid exercise, avoid dehydration)

24
Q

What test do you do before replacing the aortic valve?

A

Left Heart Cath (you may need a CABG)

25
Q

You diagnose mitral valve regurgitation; what’s the most likely cause?

A

Papillary Muscle rupture

26
Q

Diagnosis for Asymmetric Hypertrophy of the septum

A

HOCM

27
Q

Treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Beta-blockers, Ace-inhibitors, and Diuretics

(treat it like systolic dysfunction)

28
Q

How do you treat a restrictive cardiomyopathy?

A

Beta-blockers (diastolic failure)