OMA Flashcards
OMA
New commander restrictions
For first 100 hours:
- No CatB, RYR Restricted or CatC airfield.(also applies for alternate selection). Does not apply in emergency.
- Not operate with new copilots (below 100hrs since first linecheck)
- No visual approaches unless no other approach available
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SAFA finding levels
3 Levels
- Level 1: Info to Commander
- Level 2: Info to authority and company
- Level 3:
a) Restriciton to aircraft flight operation
b) Corrective actions before flight
c) grounded by authority
d) immediate operating ban
File report after SAFA check
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minimum experience to operate as SCCM
1 year experience + SCCM training
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How many cabin crew are required with pax on-board and when can the number be reduced?
4 must be present with exceptions:
- During normal ground ops not involving fuelling/de-fuelling when aircraft is parked
- Unforeseen circumstances when pax nr is reduced (report must be submitted to IAA after)
CONDITIONS
- Procedures ensuring equivalent level of safety with reduced crew numbers
- 1 Nr1 required
- 1 cc for 50pax
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CAT A aerodrome criteria
CAT A:
- An approved instrument appr. procedure
- 1 rwy with no performce limit on takeoff/landing
- Circling minima not higher than 1000ft
- Night operations capability
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CAT B aerodrome criteria
CAT B:
- Does not meet CAT A requirements
OR
- Non-standard approach aids or patterns
- Unusual local weather conditions
- Unusual characteristics or performance limits, including ETP
- Any other relevant considerations (obstructions, physical layout, lighting etc)
- Cpt signs with the OFP that he has been briefed about the aerodrome (e.g. airfield brief read)
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CAT B RESTRICTED aerodrome criteria
Within CAT B, “restricted“ used to alert of:
- Narrow Runway
- LDA <1800m
- Circling requirement
- Any other consideration
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LVO restrictions for new captains
100m must be added to CAT2/3 minimums until cdr has a total of 100hrs or 40sectors (including line training)
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First officer LVO restrictions
FO shall act as PM during takeoff in visibility of less than 400m RVR.
FO designated PF for landing until minima and will remain PF unless commander decides to take control and land (i.e go around flown by FO)
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Flight currency requirements
- 90 days 3 landings
- 45 days no flight -> complete a line flight with a TRI or LTC or simulator
- 6 months -> complete refresher course + linecheck
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Cabin crew contingent minimum experience for flight
Minimum of two experienced crew per flight
Experienced defined as >3 months on line
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After what time should crew seek AME advice
Illness lasting at least 21 days
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Vaccine restrictions
At least 24 hours before operation
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Diving restrictions
No-Compression: min 24 hours before duty
Compression: min 48 hours before duty
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Blood donation restrictions
Interval of 24 between donation and flight duty
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Bone marrow and stem cell donation restrictions
After donation crew member considered unfit until satisfactory medical re-examination
In addition- for stem cell donations crew considered unfit from commencement of pre-donation hormone therapy
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Define FDP
Flight duty period:
Commences when a crew member is required to report for duty
Finishes at on block time
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Where can you find maximum flight duty period
OMA 7.9
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Duty period limitations
- 60hrs in 7 days
- 110hrs in 14 days
- 190hrs in 28 days
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Total Flight time limitations
- 100hrs in 28days
- 900hrs in any calendar year
- 1000hrs in any 12 months
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Limitations on home standby
- Max duration 16hrs
- if called for duty the standby stops at reporting time
- if called for duty in first 6 hours FDP starts at assigned flight report time
- if called for duty after 6 hours, allowable FDP is reduced by the time exceeding 6 hours
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Minimum rest home or away
Home base:
- 12 hours or length of preceding duty, whichever is greater
- may be reduced to 10 hours if a hotel is provided
OOB
- 10 hours or length of preceding duty, whichever is greater
- period includes 8 hours for sleep and 1 hour for physiological needs in addition to the travel time
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When is an overweight landing recommended?
- A serious malfunction that affects the airworthiness of the aircraft.
- A condition where an expeditious landing would prevent a non-normal situation developing into an unsafe situation (reduce the exposure to a degrading level of safety).
- A serious illness on board requiring prompt medical attention.
- If directed by the QRH to “land at the nearest suitable airfield”.
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When should headsets be used?
- Clearance
- Ground with engines running
- Flight except cruise
- When deemed necessary by cpt
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What does the cabin crew briefing in the crew room need to include at a minimum?
- Registration/Location of AC
- Security code, procedures and status
- Operational issues: flight time, slots, specials, weather, turbulence/icing
- Defects: Serviceability, health/safety issues, any conflicts
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Inexperienced or new co pilot operating limitations
- Xwind more than 2/3 of limit
- Runway perf. Limited
- Takeoff rvr less than 1000m
- Ceiling less than 100 ́above minimum for Prec.app. and 200`above for non-prec.app.
- Rwy contaminated
- Abnormal procedures due system defects
- Inexperienced when xwind exceeds 15knots, except monitored approach
- Windshear reported or forecasted
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EFB use limitations
- must be attached to mount during all critical phases of flight. If no mount available it must be stowed in flight bag during these phases.
- not normally handled below 1000’
- minimum charge at pre flight 70%
- EFB charging is only permitted when battery level is below 20%
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Minimum RFFS
for destination:
- normally available required 7
- temporary downgrade 5
any alternate:
- required 5
temporary: as published via notam, for a period not exceeding 72 hours
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Minimum RVR for visual approach
800m
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What is final reserve fuel?
Fuel to fly for 30 mins at 1500’ AAL ISA conditions at alternate or destination if no alt required
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Standard pax masses for weight and balance
Adult: 84kg
Children: 35kg
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Standard bag masses for weight and balance
Domestic: 11kg
European region: 13kg
Inter-Continental: 15kg
European region defined in OMA
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what is the maximum departure delay before flight plan is cancelled?
> 15 mins
Crew must coordinate with ops to prevent
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Standard mass for flight crew and cabin crew
Flight crew: 85kg
Cabin crew: 75kg
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what levels are the sheer values taken from?
+/-2000’ around datum level
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If a fault occurs during taxi out requiring return to stand war is the correct phraseology to use with ATC?
“RYR XXX requests a return to stand to contact our company”
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When comparing the sum of arrival fuel plus uplift fuel what is the maximum difference?
tollerance is 200kg
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What are the different types of airbridge boarding and what are the limitations of use?
Two types:
Standard boarding (2 queues - Priority and other)
Adjusted (Priority, 22-33, Other)
Adjusted boarding is not permitted when engineering spare parts are being loaded/offloaded in the rear hold
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How many assistance dogs are permitted on board?
- Cabin crew must check they are listed on the boarding card
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What are the limitations for accepting battery operated wheelchairs?
Wet cell battery chairs cannot be accepted.
Gel/Dry cell battery operated wheelchairs are permitted to be carried in the hold if the battery is disconnected and terminals insulated.
Wheelchairs are not permitted to be carried in the cabin.
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What are the limitations for traveling pregnant?
if over 28 weeks pregnant, can be refused travel if does not present a ‘fit to fly’ letter from doctor/midwife
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Max number of deportees/inad on one flight?
2
if a family is traveling (greater than 2 persons) prior written authorisation from RYR to commander required
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Procedures for accepting inad/deportees
- pre-boarded and disembark last
- inad/deportee and escort (if applicable) seated at rear
- where possible, restraints removed while on board
- Cannot occupy emergency exit seats or isle seats
- no access to alcohol
- hold baggage is loaded last
- documentation retained in flight deck and handed to officials/dispatcher after flight. NOT given to deportee/inad
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High wind ops on ground- considerations
between 41-60kts
- if forecast to exceed 40 kts and a/c left unattended crew must contact MAINTROL for guidance.
- unnecessary ramp equipment will be removed to sheltered location
- stab trim set to zero units (full nose down)
- Parking brake set and wheels DOUBLE chocked
- fuelled to min 7t
- DO NOT DE-ICE placard put in capt window even if no de-icing expected
60kts and above (including gusts)
all ops suspended until wind below 60kts for more than 30 mins
e.g. 240/30g60 - all ops suspended
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Max taxi speeds
Runway when backtracking to vacate or take-off: 50kts Taxiway: 30kts Apron: 15kts turn of 45deg or greater: 10kts Contaminated runways or taxiways: 5kts
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When should “minimum fuel” be declared?
When all planned aerodrome options have been reduced to a specific aerodrome of intended landing and any change in clearance may result in landing with less than planned final reserve fuel.
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When is an RTO classed as high speed?
Above 80kts
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In what situations after an RTO must you return to stand?
- High speed RTO (>80kts)
- Take-off config warning
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What is the minimum turn altitude on departure?
400ft unless specified in SID.
Up to 15deg offset departures not considered a turn and can be followed below 400ft by selection of HDG SEL or LNAV as appropriate
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What ‘stuck mike’ protection do Ryanair aircraft have?
After 35s of transmission the VHF comm transceiver will revert to receive mode.
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Max speed in climb and descent below FL100
Climb:
- A, B, C: 250kts or faster if released by ATC
- D, E, F, G: 250kts max
Descent:
- A, B, C: 250kts max, unless otherwise instructed. decline discretionary offers of faster
- D, E, F, G: 250kts max, no ATC discretion for faster
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What is the Ryanair preferred flight level policy?
- If filed lower than FMC OPT FL, fly FP level
- If filed higher than FMC OPT FL, fly FMC OPT FL
Note: some flights may be filed with a lower FL due to route restrictions. A climb can be considered if deemed appropriate by the commander
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Under what conditions can an ‘orbit’ be performed to correct profile?
- Not less than 10nm to touchdown
- Descent to not below MSA or 3000ft, whichever is higher
- Max F10, with speedbrake
- Gear UP
- VMC
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Can you join a visual circuit from an incomplete go-around?
No
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Define an approach ban
A commander may commence an instrument approach regardless of the reported RVR or vis but the approach shall not be continued beyond the OM or equivalent position if the RVR or vis is less than published minima.
EUROPE:
If there is no OM, then PIC shall make go/no go decision before descending below 1,000ft on final approach segment
UK
Regardless of OM position, shall not descend below 1000ft if RVR or vis is less than required.
EUR+UK
If after passing OM or equivalent position and the RVR/vis falls below minima, PIC may elect to continue approach to DA or MDA and landing may be completed if required visual reference is established.
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What is the minimum RVR required for the midpoint and stop-end during landing?
125m, 75m
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What are the restrictions for commencing an approach with active thunderstorms in the vicinity of the aerodrome?
Avoid making approach if thunderstorm active over the airfield, or cells on final approach center line within 3 nautical miles of the field.
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Below what minima should a monitored approach be performed for an ILS?
=1000m, 300ft AAL
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Below what minima should a monitored approach be performed for a NPA?
=3000m, 1000ft AAL
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Stabilized approach criteria
Target speed VREF to VREF+15 Max speed VREF+20 Glidepath +/- 1 dot Localiser +/- 1 dot Appropriate thrust Landing checks complete (excluding landing lights)
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What are the minimums for all visual approaches?
500ft AAL
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What is the minimum RVR to conduct a visual approach?
800m
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Who can conduct a visual approach?
Captains and experienced FOs (>500hrs FR)
If the captain has less than 100 hrs since first line check then visual approach only permitted if no other approach available.
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What V/S is allowable to achieve a CDA?
Any V/S, including <500fpm
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If no downwind direction is specified for a circling approach, which direction must you go?
Left downwind
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For a NPA, if no FAF is published, what point shall be nominated as FAF?
5/4nm from the runway threshold when conducting the approach in VNAV. If not practicable to identify a 5/4nm point, the FAF in VNAV shall be 2,000ft AAL
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When must a SAIR be filed regarding a GO-AROUND?
All go-arounds <1,000ft AAL
Or
if there are additional reportable circumstances
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Minimum visual reference for CAT II approach
Segment of at least 3 consecutive lights being either or a combination of:
- centerline approach lights,
- touchdown zone lights
- runway centerline lights
- runway edge lights
This visual reference must include a lateral element of the ground pattern e.g. an approach light crossbar
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Minimum visual reference for CAT III approach
Segment of at least 3 consecutive lights being either or a combination of:
- centerline approach lights,
- touchdown zone lights
- runway centerline lights
- runway edge lights
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If electronic stand parking guidance is required, can you start to turn towards the stand?
No. It is forbidden to turn without. Contact ATC
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What should you do if you receive a ‘cut-throat’ signal from the ground staff?
Shutdown engines immediately, even if you lose AC power.
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Maximum altimeter difference at or before the FAF to conduct a baro VNAV approach?
100ft at or before FAF
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Can ‘direct to’ clearences be accepted to the IF during RNP APCH operations?
Yes, as long as the track change does not exceed 45 deg
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Can ‘direct to’ clearances be accepted to the FAF/FAP during RNP APCH operations?
No, but extending the centerline from the FAF/FAP or a waypoint further out is acceptable for radar vectored arrials.
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If the temperature falls below the chart minimum for an RNP APCH in LNAV/VNAV, what is the procedure?
Only LNAV minima to be used with appropriate temperature corrections applied to fly the procedure.
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To which altitudes must you apply the cold temperature corrections
All published minimum departure, en route and approach altitudes including missed approach below the corrected MSA.
Do not correct altitudes while under ATC radar vectors, ATC assigned FLs or the temperature is above the chart minimum for the approach being flown.
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Max vertical deviation on final approach for RNAV approach
Vertical deviation +/-75ft
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When must you add 40ft to the published minimums?
NPAs.
Do not add for APV BARO LNAV/VNAV approaches.
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Even at max altitude can you follow a TCAS RA CLIMB command?
Yes, as the aircraft still has a residual climb capacity. If unable to climb the system will generate another resolution in response.
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What is the procedure if TCAS fails in flight?
- Continue to destination as normal
- No requirement to inform ATC
- Subsequent flights dispatched IAW MEL
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What is the procedure if during an in flight fuel check indications show the aircraft will land with less than the required alternate fuel (but still with final reserve available)
Commander can opt to continue (‘divert to’) destination after taking into account:
- traffic, EAT, expected delays
- weather
- effects of single failures
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When is no alternate aerodrome required?
- Two separate runways available at ETA. These may cross only if this will not prevent the planned type of ops on the other runway, when one of the runways is blocked.
- Each runway shall have a separate approach procedure based on a separate nav aid
- Ceiling >/= 2000ft or circling height +500ft whichever is greater
- Vis >/= 5km
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At what distance minimum should you make a decision regarding thunderstorm avoidance?
40nm
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In flight, approaching a thunderstorm what returns should you avoid and by how far?
Avoid all yellow, red, or magenta weather radar returns by at least 20nm
Avoid all green, yellow, red and magenta returns of cells taller than 28,000ft by at least 20nm
Cells exceeding 35,000ft - consider further separation
Do not overfly cells over 25,000ft
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What is the definition of windshear?
15kts indicated airspeed
500fpm vertical speed
5deg pitch altitude
1 dot displacement from glidepath
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Can you depart with severe windshear reported or forecast?
Nope
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What is the volcanic ash maneuver?
- 180deg turn - idle descent with current speed
- Disconnect auto-throttle
- Packs to HIGH
- Oxygen 100%
- turn on APU
- Use engine and wing anti ice
- 7700 and mayday
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Limitations for operating in a sandy or dusty environment
No planned operations in Sand Storm (SS) or Dust Storm (DS) with vis below 500m and/or wind above 20kts reported in TAF/METAR
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Wake turbulence departure and arrival restrictions
Arrivals behind:
747/A380 - 5nm (3min non radar)
757 - 4nm
Departures behind from same position:
A380 - 3 mins
747/787 - 2min
Departures behind from intermediate holding point:
A380 - 4 mins (also if on parallelrunway closer than 760m)
747 - 3 mins
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Maximum time for controlled rest?
45mins plus 20mins recovery time where rested pilot may not be in SOLE control of the aircraft
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At what RVR is a takeoff considered low visibility?
<400m LVTO
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What facilities are required for takeoff RVR not less than 200m?
Runway edge and runway centre line lights
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What facilities are required for takeoff RVR not less than 300m?
Day: runway edge lights and runway centre line markings
Night: runway edge lights or runway centre line lights and runway end lights
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What facilities are required for takeoff RVR not less than 150m?
Requires RVR value to be achieved for all relevant RVRs (TDZ, MID, rollout)
runway edge lights and runway centre line lights
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What facilities are required for takeoff RVR below 150m and not less than 125m?
Requires RVR value to be achieved for all relevant RVRs (TDZ, MID, rollout)
- High intensity centre line lights spaced 15m or less
- High intensity edge lights spaced 60m or less
- 90m visual segment available from flight deck (6 ctl lights)
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What is the lowest RVR allowable for takeoff under any circumstances?
125m achieved for all relevent RVRs.
Lower down to 75m requires lateral guidance or HUD which Ryanair does not have
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What are the required met conditions to carry out a practice CAT II/III approach?
Vis >/= 1,500m
Cloudbase >/= 500ft
Day or night
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Below what RVR must low visibility procedures be in force?
<800m
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Above what altitude must the glide-slope be captured to conduct an autoland?
1,500ft
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Until when is the MEL valid?
Before the aircraft first moves under its own power.
The MEL should still be referenced if a failure occurs during taxi before takeoff to aid decision making.
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What is the CDL
Configuration Deviation List.
Contains items of secondary structure or engine parts which may be missing or U/S but for which the aircraft may be dispatched.
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In which situation can third party cargo be carried?
The only exception is human organs for transplant reasons.
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What should be referenced in the case of an in flight bomb warning?
QRH Ops Info
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What are the current KORAs?
- Aircraft fire
- Bird strikes
- CFIT
- GCOL
- HEA
- Loss of control in flight
- Mid air collision
- Runway excursion
- Runway incursion
- Safety of ground ops