Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oral Microbiology > OM E1 > Flashcards

OM E1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Which type of immunity is quick to respond, will attack a broad range of invaders and has no memory?

A

Innate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What type of immunity is slow to respond, has high specificity and has a memory?

A

Adaptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is optimization?

A

The process of coating an antigen with antibodies to enhance phagocytosis. (puts sand on the slippery soap)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is immunogenic?

A

Induces an adaptive immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What 3 organisms cause Meningitis in children under 2 years of age?

A

Strep. pneumonia
Nesseria Meningitus
Haemophilus Influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name 6 “Defense Molecules”?

A
  1. Immunoglobulin (Antibodies)
  2. Histocompatability Ag.
  3. T-cell receptor
  4. Cytokines
  5. Fc Receptors
  6. Cytokine Receptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name 3 types of Exotoxins.

A

Super Antigen
Cytolytic
A-B Toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What causes Hypersensitivity reactions?

A

When the Adaptive Immunity over-responds to infection, consequently causes damage to the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the Domains of Life?

A

Prokaryote- Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Organisms with unique capacity to colonize a host, overcome host immunity, replicate w/in host environment and/or cause damage to host tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the 5 major infectious agents.

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Archaea
  3. Viruses
  4. Prions
  5. Eukaryotes (Hemalinths, Protozoa, Fungi)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the major characteristics unique to Bacteria.

A
  1. No inner organelles
  2. 70s Ribosomes
  3. Complex cell walls (Gram + thick, Gram - thin CW w/in 2 membranes, outer has LPS)
  4. 1000 X smaller than human cells
  5. Secrete enzymes to digest host sugar, proteins and Fe++
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some of the components of the Innate processes of Oral Immunity?

A
  1. Saliva- H2O flush, dissolve food, buffers acids, Ab molecules, protective coating
  2. Thick, continually recycling epithelium- though keratin layer w/ high lipid count, tight jct. and impermeable
  3. Gingival jct. ep –> leaky Non-ker low lipid content, loose jct., allows plasma and inf. cells into mouth
  4. Competitive normal flora
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does saliva protect agains micro organisms?

A
  1. Contains IgA
  2. Non-specific anti-microbial agents, such as LYSOZYME
  3. Dilutes and washes away Toxins and Acids prod. by microbes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is in Crevicular fluid?

A
  1. Ab., Hemin, Complement (Low in saliva)

2. Cells: 90% PMNs, 10% Macrophages and Lymphocytes (HIGH IgG, low IgA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the defensive features of Saliva?

A
  1. HIGH IgA, low IgG
  2. Non-specific antimicrobial (Lysozyme, lactoferrin, peptides)
  3. Buffers pH from acid produced by microbes
  4. Dissolves/dislodges food particles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some of the attributes of sIgA?

A
  • Sticks to mucins on epithelium
  • Resistance to proteases
  • Can neutralize viruses/toxins
  • Blocks colonization of microbes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an aerobic bacteria, and give an example of one?

A

Uses respiration of glucose for energy.

NEISSERIA: Gm -, cocci

18
Q

What is an anaerobic bacteria, and give an example of one?

A

Cannot perform respiration of Glucose, fermentation only.

AGGREGATIBACTER actinomycetemcomitans

19
Q

What is a facultative bacteria and an example of one?

A

Can live in presence of O2, and can do respiration or fermentation of glucose.

STREPTOCOCCUS viridans, a-hemolytic (produce green color in blood agar), produce a lot of extra cellular matrix, tolerate low pH

20
Q

What is microaerophilic bacteria, and an example?

A

It can exist in only very low amounts of O2.

CAMPYLOBACTER rectus: Gm- Rod

21
Q

Name a Gm + cocci that is found in the Oral cavity

A

Strep. viradans

22
Q

These 2 Gm + cocci bacteria grow well at a low pH and produce a lot of lactic acid. (MAJOR cause of dental caries)

A

Strep. mutans

Strep. sobrinas

23
Q

These Gm + cocci is a pioneer species on teeth and is the Primary colonizer of tooth biofilm.

A

Step. mitis

Strep sanguinis

24
Q

What Gm + cocci, is a major source of bacteria in saliva?

A

Strep. salivarius

25
Q

This Gm + cocci, is facultative and an opportunist for infections and is commonly implicated in root canal failures and persistent infections.

A

Enterobacter faecalis

26
Q

This Gm- Rod, is found only in the mouth and is a major portion of the plaque flora. It is associated with gingivitis and root caries, produces extracellular matrix and tolerates a low pH

A

Actinomyces israelii

27
Q

Name one Aerobic and one Anaerobic Gm- Cocci in the oral cavity.

A

Neisseria (aerobic)

Veillonella alcalescens (anerobic)

28
Q

Name the Gm - Rod that is known for its aggressive periodontitis in young adults

A

Aggregatibacter actino-mycetem-comitans

29
Q

Name asacchrolytic Gr - , very long thin rod that is associated with periodontitis and is a common organism that other bacteria like to bind to it

A

Fusobacterium nucleatum

30
Q

Name 3 other Gm - rods that are associated with periodontal disease and are asacchrolytic.

A

Bacteroides
Tannerella forsythensis
Porphyromonas gingivalis

31
Q

Name a Gm - rod that is Sacchrolytic and is associated with periodontitis.

A

Prevotella intermedia

32
Q

Name a Spirochete that is very anaerobic, Asacchrolytic and is found in gingivitis and periodontitis.

A

Treponema denticola

33
Q

What type of virus would be considered the hardiest?

A

Non-enveloped, because enveloped can dry out and lose their envelope making them inert. Non-enveloped will remain viable for a longer period of time outside of their environment.

34
Q

What are the 5 different outcomes of viral infections?

Give exp. of each

A
  1. Abortive- Neutralized inside cell
  2. Lytic- viral progeny release with lysis of host cell (Non-enveloped)
  3. Chronic, non-lytic- Slow release of progeny w/o lysis of the host cell ( Enveloped)
  4. Latent- virus genome incorporates into host DNA when dormant (Herpes)
  5. Transformation- causes infected cell to proliferate uncontrollably. (HPV)
35
Q

What are the 2 types of viral transmission and and exp. of each?

A

Horizontal- Mom–> Dad

Vertical- Mom –> Fetus

36
Q

What are the 6 steps to the viral infectious cycle?

A
  1. Attachment
  2. Penetration
  3. Uncoating
  4. Replication
  5. Assembly
  6. Release
37
Q

The release of viral particles into the blood is termed?

A

Viremia

38
Q

What are the 8 Human Herpes Virus (HHV), where are they latent, and important diseases they cause?

A
  1. HSV 1 –> Neuron –> Cold sores
  2. HSV 2 –> Neuron –> Genital herpes
  3. Varicella-Zoster –> Neuron –> Chickenpox/Shingles
  4. Epstein-Barr –> B cells –> Burkitt’s lymphoma
  5. Cytomegalovirus -> Lymph/Mono –> Congenital infection
  6. –> Mono/M0 –> Roseola infantum
  7. –> T cells –> Roseola infantum
  8. Kaposi’s Sarcoma -> Lymphocyte–> Karposi’s Sarcoma
39
Q

HSV 1 causes this disease commonly on the hands of dentists before gloves were used?

A

Witlow

40
Q

What are the 2 most common lesions cause by HSV-1?

A

Gingivostomatitis & Herpes labialis

41
Q

What is the primary and secondary infections of Varicella-Zoster called and what group do they typically manifest in?

A

1- Chickenpox (young children)

2- Shingles (adults)

42
Q

This viral infection is often associated with immunosuppressed patients with Hairy Leukoplakia and Nasopharyngeal cancers.

A

HHV-4 or Epstein-Barr Virus

43
Q

This virus is the #1 cause of mental retardation in fetus’

A

HHV-5 (Cytomegalovirus)

Oral Microbiology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions