Older Persons

Question 1

CGA

Answer 1

comprehensive geriatric assessment

Question 2

CGA considerations

Answer 2

functional status
co-morbidities 
cognition
nutrition 
poly-pharmacy
social support + mental status

Question 3

CGA cycle

Answer 3

assessment > problem list > goal identification > care plan > interventions > regular planned r/v

Question 4

CFS

Answer 4

Clinical frailty scale

Question 5

CFS 1

Answer 5

very fit

Question 6

CFS 2

Answer 6

well

Question 7

CFS 3

Answer 7

managing well

Question 8

CFS 4

Answer 8

vulnerable

Question 9

CFS 5

Answer 9

mild frailty

Question 10

CFS 6

Answer 10

moderate frail

Question 11

CFS 7

Answer 11

severely frail

Question 12

CFS of robust, active, energetic
and motivated individual
exercise often and among fittest in age range

Answer 12

1 very fit

Question 13

CFS of individual with no active disease
symptoms
exercise very occasionally

Answer 13

2 well

Question 14

CFS of people whose medical problems
are well controlled, but are not regularly active
beyond routine walking

Answer 14

3 managing well

Question 15

CFS of individual not dependent on others for
daily help, often symptoms limit activities
“slow” / “tiredness” often

Answer 15

4 vulnerable

Question 16

CFS of individual with more
evident slowing, and need help in high order IADLs
impaired shopping, meal prep, housework, walking outside alone

Answer 16

5 mildly frail

Question 17

CFS of individual who needs help with all
outside activities and with keeping house
eg. bathing / stairs

Answer 17

6 moderately frail

Question 18

CFS of individual completely dependent for
personal care
not at risk of dying, stable condition

Answer 18

7 severely frail

Question 19

CFS of individual completely dependent
approaching end of life
typically wouldn’t recover from minor illness

Answer 19

8 very severely frail

Question 20

CFS of individual approaching end of life
not otherwise evidently frail
<6 months life expectancy

Answer 20

9 terminally ill

Question 21

four factors of assessing capacity

Answer 21

• understand information relevant to decision
• retain information
• use information to make a decision
• communicate a decision

Question 22

CFS 8

Answer 22

very severely frail

Question 23

CFS 9

Answer 23

terminally ill

Question 24

what common medications can cause constipation

Answer 24

opiates

Question 25

common causes of constipation in older people

Answer 25

``` poor mobility poor oral intake hypercalcemia hypokalemia hypomagnesia hypothyroidism mechanical obstrcution IBD neurological dysfunction ```

Question 26

management of constipation

Answer 26

``` IV fluid resuscitation OT referral assess psychological status PR enema soft stool: enema hard stool: stimulant laxatives / bulk forming / faecal softener ```

Question 27

side effects of anticholinergics

Answer 27

``` hot as a hare (increased body temp) dry as a bone (dry eyes, dry mouth, decreased sweat, UR) blind as a bat (dilated pupils) red as a beet (flushing) mad as a hatter (delirium) ```

Question 28

common anticholinergics

Answer 28

antipsychotics, benztropine, atropine and antihistamines

Question 29

overactive bladder pharmacological treatment

Answer 29

antimuscarinics mirabegron desmopressin (nocturia)