Acute Presentations Flashcards
1
Q
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemia State
A
serum osmolality > 230 mOsmol/kg
hyperglycaemia > 30 mmol/L
hypocolaemia
X ketonuria / X acidosis
2
Q
DKA
A
glucose > 11 mmol/L
pH < 7.3
serum bicarb > 15
ketones > 3 / ketones ++
3
Q
meningitis
A
photophobia
neck stiffness
non blanching purpuric rash
RICP / neurological symptoms
4
Q
Hyponatraemia
A
Present as causes: hypovolaemic, euvolaemic, hypervolaemic
5
Q
Hypernatraemia
A
FRIED SALT fever restlessness increased fluid retention edema decreased urine output skin flushing agitation low grade fever thirst
6
Q
hypercalcaemia
A
SBMG + short QT + HTN
7
Q
hypocalcaemia
A
SBMG CATS GO NUMB Convulsions Arrhythmias Tetany Stridor / siezures / spasms Go numb = paraesthesia
8
Q
pericarditis
A
BECK’S TRIAD = three Ds
Distended JVP, Decreased arterial pressure, Distant heart sounds
