Old - Control of Ventilation; Ventilation and Perfusion

Question 1

Venous drainage

Answer 1

Pulmonary vein

Question 2

Amount that remains in conducting airways

Answer 2

0.15 L

Question 3

Removed by lung

Answer 3

Leukotrienes

Question 4

Difference of bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 4

BRONCHIOLES ARE CARTILAGE FREE

Question 5

Not true of conducting airways

Answer 5

BRONCHIOLES ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO COLLAPSE DURING INSPIRATION

Question 6

Factors that keep the bronchioles open EXCEPT:

Answer 6

UTWARD PULL OF SURROUNDING TISSUE & NEGATIVE PRESSURE AROUND BRONCHIOLE

Question 7

Conc of 02 in water is proportional to P02 in gas phase:

Answer 7

HENRY’S LAW

Question 8

Weakness of intercostal and abdominal muscle:

Answer 8

Reduce ERV

Question 9

Not true of FEV1:

Answer 9

Low FEV1/FVC ratio in fibrosis

Question 10

Wall of bronchioles are almost entirely smooth m EXCEPT:

Answer 10

Respiratory volume

Question 11

Downward and inward:

Answer 11

Internal intercostal muscle

Question 12

Measured by spirometry

Answer 12

Vital capacity

Question 13

True of inspiration:

Answer 13

PIP IS MORE NEGATIVE DURING EXPIRATION

Question 14

True in lung volume during normal inspition:

Answer 14

FRC + TV

Question 15

Not true of emphysema:

Answer 15

FRC lower than normal

Question 16

Collapse tendency of an alveoli:

Answer 16

DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO SURFACE TENSION, INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO RADIUS

Question 17

P

Answer 17

2T/r

Question 18

Does not have the tendency to collapse

Answer 18

AOTA

Question 19

Prematurely born

Answer 19

COLLAPSE OF SMALL ALVEOLI

Question 20

In obstructive lung disease, airways collapse during expiration EXCEPT:

Answer 20

Lower lung volume resist airway collapse

Question 21

Static condtion

Answer 21

AOTA

Question 22

Smooth muscle stimulated by sympa EXCEPT:

Answer 22

Airway resistance

Question 23

True in fibrosis

Answer 23

Restrictive lung disorder

Question 24

Normal or decreased FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer 24

Fibrosis

Question 25

Completion of inspiration, volume of lung in static condition

Answer 25

FRC + TV

Question 26

Type of airflow in tracheobronchial tree which increases resistance of flow

Answer 26

Transitional flow

Question 27

Movement of air in and out of lung:

Answer 27

Ventilation

Question 28

Type of breathing pattern with nonrapid eye movement:

Answer 28

Eupnea

Question 29

Peripheral chemoreceptors sensitive to:

Answer 29

PCO2

Question 30

Barometric air pressure greater than alveolar pressure:

Answer 30

Movement of air into the lungs

Question 31

T/F: Medulla and pons essential in generating and modulating respiratory:

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Dominant activity of Dorsal Respiratory Group

Answer 32

Inspiratory

Question 33

Central chemoreceptors highly sensitive to:

Answer 33

ARTERIAL HYPERCAPNEA

Question 34

Increase in alveolar ventilation, tv, respiratory frequency

Answer 34

HYPERVENTILATION

Question 35

Breaths of equal volume with periods of apnea in between

Answer 35

BIOT’S

Question 36

Neurons that generate respiratory rhythm are located in the

Answer 36

Medulla

Question 37

Processes that contain neurons in playing efferent role innervating the pharynx and larynx:

Answer 37

VENTRAL RESPIRATORY GROUP

Question 38

Peripheral and central chemoreceptors are responsible for stabilizing arterial oxygenation and acid-base balance is an example of:

Answer 38

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM

Question 39

Factors that increase ventilation:

Answer 39

AOTA

Question 40

Chemosensitive cells of the carotid body:

Answer 40

GLOMUS CELLS

Question 41

Effect of hypoxia in pulmonary circulation:

Answer 41

VASOCONSTRICTION (systemic = vasodilation)

Question 42

Benign type of respiratory pattern characterized by gradual increase then followed by gradual decrease in tidal volume:

Answer 42

CHEYNE STOKES RESPIRATION

Question 43

True of pulmonary circulation:

Answer 43

AOTA (high compliance, low pressure, low resistance)

Question 44

In lung perfusion, which of the following will have the greatest pressure in the physiologic:

Answer 44

ALVEOLAR PRESSURE

Question 45

Perfusion of the lungs affected mainly by:

Answer 45

POSTURE & GRAVITY

Question 46

In the presence of pathologic shunt, the initial attempt to compensate wil occur by triggering these compensatory mechanism:

Answer 46

HYPOXIC VASOCONSTRICTION TO DIVERT BLOOD TO THE VENTILATED ALVEOLI; INCREASE ALVEOLAR VENTILATION TO LOWER PCO2 IN THE NORMAL LUNGS

Question 47

Outcome of pathologic VQ mismatch that is uncompensated:

Answer 47

HYPOXIA RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

Question 48

In a normal breathing cycle, which of the following will gradualy increase during expiration:

Answer 48

PLEURAL PRESSURE & ALVEOLAR PRESSURE

Question 49

T/F: In an upright position, VQ is greater in the lung base than in the apex of the lung

Answer 49

False

Question 50

Regions of the respiratory tract does gas exchange initially takes place:

Answer 50

Respiratory bronchiole

Question 51

The fraction of dead space is primarily dependent on:

Answer 51

Tidal volume

Question 52

Percentage of total ventilation of anatomic dead space:

Answer 52

30%

Question 53

There is a higher increase (or decrease?) in anatomic dead space except:

Answer 53

SUPINE POSITION

Question 54

Percent of tidal volume that could reach the alveolar level for gas exchange:

Answer 54

350ml

Question 55

Effects of hyperventilation except:

Answer 55

No exception

Question 56

Given 100% O2:

Answer 56

Shunt