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PHYSIOLOGY > Old - Control of Ventilation; Ventilation and Perfusion > Flashcards

Old - Control of Ventilation; Ventilation and Perfusion Flashcards

1
Q

Venous drainage

A

Pulmonary vein

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2
Q

Amount that remains in conducting airways

A

0.15 L

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3
Q

Removed by lung

A

Leukotrienes

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4
Q

Difference of bronchi and bronchioles

A

BRONCHIOLES ARE CARTILAGE FREE

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5
Q

Not true of conducting airways

A

BRONCHIOLES ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO COLLAPSE DURING INSPIRATION

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6
Q

Factors that keep the bronchioles open EXCEPT:

A

UTWARD PULL OF SURROUNDING TISSUE & NEGATIVE PRESSURE AROUND BRONCHIOLE

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7
Q

Conc of 02 in water is proportional to P02 in gas phase:

A

HENRY’S LAW

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8
Q

Weakness of intercostal and abdominal muscle:

A

Reduce ERV

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9
Q

Not true of FEV1:

A

Low FEV1/FVC ratio in fibrosis

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10
Q

Wall of bronchioles are almost entirely smooth m EXCEPT:

A

Respiratory volume

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11
Q

Downward and inward:

A

Internal intercostal muscle

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12
Q

Measured by spirometry

A

Vital capacity

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13
Q

True of inspiration:

A

PIP IS MORE NEGATIVE DURING EXPIRATION

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14
Q

True in lung volume during normal inspition:

A

FRC + TV

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15
Q

Not true of emphysema:

A

FRC lower than normal

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16
Q

Collapse tendency of an alveoli:

A

DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO SURFACE TENSION, INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO RADIUS

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17
Q

P

A

2T/r

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18
Q

Does not have the tendency to collapse

A

AOTA

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19
Q

Prematurely born

A

COLLAPSE OF SMALL ALVEOLI

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20
Q

In obstructive lung disease, airways collapse during expiration EXCEPT:

A

Lower lung volume resist airway collapse

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21
Q

Static condtion

A

AOTA

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22
Q

Smooth muscle stimulated by sympa EXCEPT:

A

Airway resistance

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23
Q

True in fibrosis

A

Restrictive lung disorder

24
Q

Normal or decreased FEV1/FVC ratio

A

Fibrosis

25
Q

Completion of inspiration, volume of lung in static condition

A

FRC + TV

26
Q

Type of airflow in tracheobronchial tree which increases resistance of flow

A

Transitional flow

27
Q

Movement of air in and out of lung:

A

Ventilation

28
Q

Type of breathing pattern with nonrapid eye movement:

A

Eupnea

29
Q

Peripheral chemoreceptors sensitive to:

A

PCO2

30
Q

Barometric air pressure greater than alveolar pressure:

A

Movement of air into the lungs

31
Q

T/F: Medulla and pons essential in generating and modulating respiratory:

A

False

32
Q

Dominant activity of Dorsal Respiratory Group

A

Inspiratory

33
Q

Central chemoreceptors highly sensitive to:

A

ARTERIAL HYPERCAPNEA

34
Q

Increase in alveolar ventilation, tv, respiratory frequency

A

HYPERVENTILATION

35
Q

Breaths of equal volume with periods of apnea in between

A

BIOT’S

36
Q

Neurons that generate respiratory rhythm are located in the

A

Medulla

37
Q

Processes that contain neurons in playing efferent role innervating the pharynx and larynx:

A

VENTRAL RESPIRATORY GROUP

38
Q

Peripheral and central chemoreceptors are responsible for stabilizing arterial oxygenation and acid-base balance is an example of:

A

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM

39
Q

Factors that increase ventilation:

A

AOTA

40
Q

Chemosensitive cells of the carotid body:

A

GLOMUS CELLS

41
Q

Effect of hypoxia in pulmonary circulation:

A

VASOCONSTRICTION (systemic = vasodilation)

42
Q

Benign type of respiratory pattern characterized by gradual increase then followed by gradual decrease in tidal volume:

A

CHEYNE STOKES RESPIRATION

43
Q

True of pulmonary circulation:

A

AOTA (high compliance, low pressure, low resistance)

44
Q

In lung perfusion, which of the following will have the greatest pressure in the physiologic:

A

ALVEOLAR PRESSURE

45
Q

Perfusion of the lungs affected mainly by:

A

POSTURE & GRAVITY

46
Q

In the presence of pathologic shunt, the initial attempt to compensate wil occur by triggering these compensatory mechanism:

A

HYPOXIC VASOCONSTRICTION TO DIVERT BLOOD TO THE VENTILATED ALVEOLI; INCREASE ALVEOLAR VENTILATION TO LOWER PCO2 IN THE NORMAL LUNGS

47
Q

Outcome of pathologic VQ mismatch that is uncompensated:

A

HYPOXIA RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

48
Q

In a normal breathing cycle, which of the following will gradualy increase during expiration:

A

PLEURAL PRESSURE & ALVEOLAR PRESSURE

49
Q

T/F: In an upright position, VQ is greater in the lung base than in the apex of the lung

A

False

50
Q

Regions of the respiratory tract does gas exchange initially takes place:

A

Respiratory bronchiole

51
Q

The fraction of dead space is primarily dependent on:

A

Tidal volume

52
Q

Percentage of total ventilation of anatomic dead space:

A

30%

53
Q

There is a higher increase (or decrease?) in anatomic dead space except:

A

SUPINE POSITION

54
Q

Percent of tidal volume that could reach the alveolar level for gas exchange:

A

350ml

55
Q

Effects of hyperventilation except:

A

No exception

56
Q

Given 100% O2:

A

Shunt

PHYSIOLOGY (9 decks)

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