Lecture - Chapter 28, 31 and 32

Question 1

In low PO2, which of the following channels is inhibited?

Answer 1

Potassium

Question 2

A 50-year old diabetic female patient with chronic renal dialysis is noted to have profound hyperventilation (Kussmaul).

Answer 2

Hyperventilation is observed due to stimulation of peripheral chemoreceptors

Question 3

Among the following conditions causing hypoxemia, which will most likely not respond to 100% oxygen.

Answer 3

Acute respiratory distress syndrome in a newborn (Shunting in Newborns)

Question 4

The central chemoreceptors which regulate the effectiveness of ventilation is primarily sensitive to?

Answer 4

Hypercapnia

Question 5

Regional perfusion in the lungs is greater in which of the following areas?

Answer 5

Base

Question 6

What conditions prevail at the area of Zone 2 of the lungs where intermittent flow occurs?

Answer 6

Arterioles, Alveolar and Venioles

Question 7

In a patient, receiving positive pressure ventilation, which of the following relationship will most likely occur?

Answer 7

Alveolar pressure, arterioles and venioles

Question 8

Which of the following is the major source of tonic drive of breathing?

Answer 8

Chemical Receptors

Question 9

The following are characteristic of the pulmonary circulation, EXCEPT:

Answer 9

Low Compliance

Question 10

Which of the following is inversely proportional to alveolar ventilation?

Answer 10

Arterial PCO2, Alveolar PCO2

Question 11

Which of the following receptors is primarily sensitive to hypoxia?

Answer 11

Peripheral chemoreceptors

Question 12

Which of the following is characteristic of V/Q mismatch?

Answer 12

Widened A/A Gradient

Question 13

Which of the following conditions exhibit total ventilation being wasted as dead space?

Answer 13

Panting

Question 14

Central chemoreceptors are primarily regulated by?

Answer 14

PCO2

Question 15

Fractional dead space is primarily dependent on _______?

Answer 15

Tidal Volume

Question 16

Percentage of total ventilation in anatomic dead space?

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

There is a higher increase in anatomic dead space in the following except:

Answer 17

Lying down supine (Sleeping)

Question 18

How much of the total tidal volume reach the alveolar level for effective gas exchange?

Answer 18

350 mL

Question 19

In the gas transport chain, carbon dioxide diffuses opposite to the direction of oxygen diffusion the pressure difference required would be ________.

Answer 19

Less than

Question 20

Motor behavior of the respiratory apparatus that is effective in opening up most resistant atalectatic alveoli?

Answer 20

Yawning

Question 21

Which of the following refers to the exchange of gases between blood and tissues?

Answer 21

Respiration

Question 22

In the neural control of ventilation, which of the following is the dominant activity of the dorsal respiratory group?

Answer 22

Inspiration

Question 23

Which of the following controls the rate and depth of respiration?

Answer 23

Pneumotaxic Center

Question 24

Understanding pressure dynamics when barometric pressure is equal to alveolar pressure?

Answer 24

No air movement

Question 25

The ventilation perfusion ratio is highest at the ________.

Answer 25

Apex of the Lung

Question 26

Patient with high fever and decrease in sensorium was admitted at the hospital. His breathing pattern was observed to have period of apnea between breaths of nearly equal volume.

Answer 26

Biot’s Respiration