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PHYSIOLOGY > Lecture - Chapter 29 & 30 > Flashcards

Lecture - Chapter 29 & 30 Flashcards

1
Q

How does gaseous exchange occur in the alveoli?

A

Simple Diffusion

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2
Q

States that net flow is proportional to the concentration gradient, is present as a partial-pressure gradient?

a. Graham’s Law
b. Fick’s Law
c. Henry’s Law
d. Dalton’s Law

A

b. Fick’s Law

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3
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the diffusing capacity of the lungs.

A

Net flow of oxygen is proportional to the surface area of the barrier

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4
Q

It describes number of oxygen molecules moving across the entire are of the barrier per unit time.

a. Flow
b. Flux
c. Diffusion
d. None of the Above

A

a. Flow

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5
Q

Venous PCO2?

a. 20 mmHg
b. 40 mmHg
c. 45 mmHg
d. 100 mmHg

A

c. 45 mmHg

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6
Q

Partial pressure of the oxygen in the arterial blood is normally lower than that alveolar gas primarily because:

A

Oxygen requires pressure gradient diffuse into the blood in the initial portion of the capillary

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7
Q

Pulmonary diffusing capacity of O2 is depended except:

A

Hemoglobin concentration of blood of pulmonary capillary

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8
Q

Gas exchange is more efficient in apex and less efficient in the base

TRUE or FALSE

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Which of the following will increase the diffusing capacity of the lung?

A

Exercise

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10
Q

What happens at the end of inspiration?

A

The Lung Surface Area maximizes

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11
Q

12 Steps in Diffusion from Alveoli to Hgb in Extracellular Matrix.

A. D2
B. D4
C. D6
D. D8

A

C. D6

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12
Q

Reasons why CO slowly rise down the pulmonary capillary?

A

Reasons:

  • CO flux is LOW
  • CO diffusion is extremely LOW
  • Hgb Continuously Traps incoming CO
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13
Q

Diffusion Limited

A. CO
B. CO2
C. NO
D. NO2

A

A. CO

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14
Q

Reason Why O2 Reach Diffusion Equilibrium Faster than CO?

A
  • Hemoglobin enters the pulmonary capillary and is already heavily preloaded with O2.
  • Alveolar PO2 is high, the Alveolar-Blood PO2 gradient is large and initial rate of O2 diffusion from the alveolus in the pulmonary Capillary of blood is immense
  • DL for O2 is higher than that for CO
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15
Q

Pathological Changes where there is increase in Airway resistance and Leads to Destruction of Pulmonary capillaries.

A.Diffused Pulmonary Fibrosis
B. COPD
C. Loss Of Function
D Anemia

A

B. COPD

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16
Q

When all hemes are devoid of oxygen, each of the residue pull the Fe2+ above the plane of its porphyrin ring by

A. 0.02 mm
B. 0.04 mm
C. 0.06 mm
D. 0.08 mm

A

C. 0.06 mm

17
Q

Which of the ff factors will show a shift of hgb-dissociation curve to the left?

A. Increase in temperature
B. Decrease PCO2
C. Decrease in pH
D. Respiratory acidosis

A

B. Decrease PCO2

18
Q

What other gases can bind to ferrous state of Hgb aside from oxygen and snap it to relaxed state:

A. Hydrogen sulfide
B. Nitric oxide
C. Carbon monoxide
D. All of the above
E. None of the choices
A

D. All of the Above

19
Q

Above 11% incremental CO2 in plasma travels in the ff forms except:

A. Carbamino compound
B. Bicarbonate
C. Carbonate
D. Dissolved CO2

A

C. Carbonate

20
Q

Which carbon dioxide form follows Henry’s law?

A

Dissolved CO

21
Q

Larger concentration of O2 is carried in which form?

A. Dissolved in RBC
B. Dissolved in plasma
C. Bound to Hb in RBC

A

C. Bound to Hgb in RBC

22
Q

Which does not describe a normal adult Hb?

A. Has 2 alpha and 2 beta globins
B. Has 4 pyrrole rings
C. Has heme
D. Metal iron is in the ferric state

A

D. Metal iron is in the ferric state

23
Q

High PO2 means that Hgb molecules are in the __________ state except?

A. Relaxed state
B. Planar state
C. Tensed state

A

C. Tensed state

24
Q

What happens to the heme portion of the Hb when there is high PO2?

A. Planar to non planar
B. Stays in planar
C. Nonplanar to planar
D. Stays in nonplanar

A

C. Nonplanar to planar

25
Q

Residue that binds to the metal iron and stabilizes the O2-
Hgb Complex.

A. Histidine
B. Tyrosine
C. Lysine

A

A. Histidine

26
Q

For a given PO2, CO2 content of blood increases as PO2 falls:

A. Haldane Effect
B. Bohr Effect

A

A. Haldane Effect

27
Q

The incremental carbon dioxide that enters thr red blood cells pass through the following gas channels except:

A. Rh complex
B. Aquaporin I
C. Aquaporin II
D. None of the above

A

C. Aquaporin II

28
Q

The carriage of total carbob dioxide in the blood depends on the following gas parameters except:

A. PO2
B. PCO2
C. Plasma pH
D. None of the choices

A

D. None of the choices

29
Q

The blood carrie total carbob dioxide mainly as:

A. Carbonate
B. Bicarbonate
C. Dissolved carbon dioxide
D. Carbamino acid
E. Carbonic acid
A

B. Bicarbonate

30
Q

When a chloride bicarbonate exchanger AE1 transports some of the newly formed bicarbonate, this uptake of chloride in exchange for bicarbonate is known as any of the following, except:

A. Carbonate shift
B. Bicarbonate shift
C. Hamburger shift
D. None of the above

A

B. Bicarbonate shift

PHYSIOLOGY (9 decks)

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