OH&S Flashcards
Lost-time Injury
A workplace injury that results in the employee missing time.
Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S)
The identification, evaluation, and control of hazards associated with the work environment.
Occupational Injury
Any cit, fracture, sprain, or amputation resulting from a workplace accident.
Occupational Illness
Any abnormal condition or disorder caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment.
Brown Lung
A disease of the lungs caused by excessive inhalation of dust; the disease is in the pneumoconiosis family and often afflicts textile workers.
Assumption of Risk
The belief that a worker accepted the risk of employment when he or she accepted a job.
Accident Proneness
The notion that some individuals are inherently more likely than others to be involved in accidents, as a result of individual characteristics.
Due Diligence
An expected standard of conduct that requires employers to take every reasonable precaution to ensure safety.
Internal Responsibility System
The system of shared responsibility for health and safety that is the basis for most Canadian OH&S Legislation.
The Three Es
A traditional approach to OHS that emphasized engineering, education, and enforcement.
Act
A federal, provincial, or territorial law that constitutes the basic regulatory mechanism for occupational health and safety.
Regulations
Explain how the general intent of the act will be applied in specific circumstances.
Constructor
In health and safety legislation, a person or company that oversees the construction of a project and that is ultimately responsible for the health and safety of all workers.
Collective Liability
Where all employers in a class or other rate group are liable for the costs of any or all accidents and occupational diseases that occur in the operations of those employers.
Net Earnings
Salary after mandatory deductions (income tax, Canada Pension, and Employer Insurance).
Loss of Functional Capacity
Limit of ability or dexterity depending on the seriousness of an injury.
Vocational Rehabilitation
The steps undertaken by WCBs to help injured workers return to their place of employment or find similar or suitable work elsewhere.
Physical Rehabilitation
The steps taken to restore, fully or partially, the worker’s physical function.
Social Rehabilitation
The psychological and practical services that help workers with severe disabilities cope with daily life.
Latency Period
The time between exposure to a cause and development of a disease.
Hazard
Any source of potential adverse health effect, damage, or harm on something or someone under certain conditions at work.
Incident
An event or occurence that has or could have had a negative impact on people, property, or process.
Risk
The probability or the extent to which a hazard is likely to cause harm to people, processes, or equipment.
Risk Perception
An individual’s interpretation of the potential for harm based on values, beliefs, and experience with a hazard.
Unsafe Act
A deviation from standard job procedures or practices that increases a worker’s exposure to a hazard.
Human Factor
When a person causes an accident by commision, poor judgment, or omission (failing to do something).
Walk-through Survey
A survey in which a safety professional walks through a worksite and notes hazards.
Saftey Sampling
A systematic survey procedure undertaken by safety personnel who record their observations of unsafe practices on a sampling document.
Job Description
The content and hierarchy specific to a particular job.
Job Specifications
The requirements necessary to perform the various functions of a job (e.g., ability to lift weight, education level).
Hazard Analysis
An orderly, analytical technique that examines a system for the most probable hazards having the severest consequences, for the purpose of establishing corrective or control mechanisms.
Positive Tree
Shows, graphically, how a job should be done.
Fault Tree
An illustration of things that can go wrong.
Overt Traumatic Injuries
Injuries resulting from coming into contact with an energy source.
Overexertion Injuries
Injuries resulting from excessive physical effort, repetitive motions, and, possibly, awkward working positions.
Hazard Control
The program or process used to establish preventative and corrective measures.
Precontact Control
Addressing issues before an incident or accident occurs.
Contact Control
Identifying ways in which a hazardous situation can be prevented from becoming worse and harming workers.
Postcontact Control
Putting in place medical and cleanup operations and ensuring that the event cannot be repeated.
Engineering Control
Modification of work processes, equipment, and materials to reduce exposure to hazards.
Machine Guarding
Protection for workers from the hazards and energies created by moving machinery.
Administrative Control
Management involvment, training of employees, rotation of employees, environmental sampling, and medical surveillance to protect individuals.
Preventive Maintenance
The orderly, continuous, and scheduled protection and repair of equipment and buildings.
Physical Agents
Sources of energy that may cause injury or disease.
Ambient
All-encompassing condition associated with a given environment, being usually a composite of inputs from sources all around us.
Early Warning Change
A deterioration of hearing in the upper frequency–the earliest detectable sign of noise-induced hearing loss.
Vasoconstriction
The process of causing a constriction of the blood vessles.
Hyperreflexia
The condition of unusually quick reaction by the nerves to some external stimulus.
Attenuated or Attenuation
Reduction of noise at one location compared to another farther from the source.
Segmental Vibration
Affects only parts of the body.
Whole-body Vibration
Affects the whole body as a unit.
Necrosis
Death or decay of tissue.