Officers handbook of Tactics

Question 1

Name

Answer 1

Question

Question 2

What is the most basic principle of firefighting

Answer 2

What is the most basic principle of firefighting

Question 3

Removing an adult victim via portable ladder requires

Answer 3

Removing an adult victim via portable ladder requires

Question 4

After _____ minutes without oxygen, victims likely suffer br

Answer 4

After _____ minutes without oxygen, victims likely suffer brain damage

Question 5

More lives have been saved by _______ then all other means

Answer 5

More lives have been saved by _______ then all other means

Question 6

When in sufficient personnel, perform tasks that

Answer 6

When insufficient personnel, perform tasks that

Question 7

What advances in treatment of smoke inhalation make it impor

Answer 7

What advances in treatment of smoke inhalation make it important that we don’t write off civilians too early

Question 8

Priority of victim removal

Answer 8

Priority of victim removal

Question 9

Search of ___ and ___ from fire floor to roof must be immedi

Answer 9

Search of ___ and ___ from fire floor to roof must be immediate priority

Question 10

Victims that may have to be removed immediately, even if not

Answer 10

Victims that may have to be removed immediately, even if not in any immediate danger

Question 11

What can reduce or eliminate life hazard

Answer 11

What can reduce or eliminate life hazard

Question 12

Ways to reduce life hazards

Answer 12

Ways to reduce life hazards

Question 13

Apartment door must be kept shut until ____ , then advance h

Answer 13

Apartment door must be kept shut until ____ , then advance hoseline for extinguishment

Question 14

Sequence of actions for fire incidents

Answer 14

Sequence of actions for fire incidents

Question 15

What do you need to know before committing yourself to opera

Answer 15

What do you need to know before committing yourself to operations

Question 16

Last rule for firefighting

Answer 16

Last rule for firefighting

Question 17

When enough personnel are available to perform engine and la

Answer 17

When enough personnel are available to perform engine and ladder functions, they must carry out

Question 18

Name

Answer 18

Question

Question 19

Evaluation of problems and conditions that effect the outcom

Answer 19

Evaluation of problems and conditions that effect the outcome of a fire. Also includes info gathered during preplanning

Question 20

When does a proper size up begin and end

Answer 20

When does a proper size up begin and end

Question 21

If a building (brick/wood joist Type 3 or standard wood fram

Answer 21

If a building (brick/wood joist Type 3 or standard wood frame type 5, not lightweight) has been exposed to heavy fire for ___ or more, it may be too dangerous to enter

Question 22

List of factors affecting size up

Answer 22

List of factors affecting size up

Question 23

Factors that will change life hazard (4)

Answer 23

Factors that will change life hazard (4)

Question 24

Best method for dealing with high life hazardsWays to accomp

Answer 24

Best method for dealing with high life hazardsWays to accomplish this (4)

Question 25

We should only undertake aggressive tactics in response to

Answer 25

We should only undertake aggressive tactics in response to

Question 26

About ___ ff killed per 100,000 residential firesAbout ___ f

Answer 26

About ___ ff killed per 100,000 residential firesAbout ___ ff killed per 100,000 store fires

Question 27

Large spaces should alert ff to possibility of

Answer 27

Large spaces should alert ff to possibility of

Question 28

Most effective way to recall preplan information

Answer 28

Most effective way to recall preplan information

Question 29

Ways to convey hazards to incoming crews (4)

Answer 29

Ways to convey hazards to incoming crews (4)

Question 30

Hope is not an effective strategy, you have to

Answer 30

Hope is not an effective strategy, you have to

Question 31

Biggest impact time has on ff

Answer 31

Biggest impact time has on ff

Question 32

One of the key elements of size up is our estimate of

Answer 32

One of the key elements of size up is our estimate of

Question 33

Key indicator of the likelihood of structural collapse

Answer 33

Key indicator of the likelihood of structural collapse

Question 34

Most difficult of ff traps to predict

Answer 34

Most difficult of ff traps to predict

Question 35

When does the 20 minutes start (with regard to collapse pote

Answer 35

When does the 20 minutes start (with regard to collapse potential in a fire in Class 3 or 5 structure)

Question 36

Fire that has not vented from a single window has not been a

Answer 36

Fire that has not vented from a single window has not been at flashover for very long, generally under

Question 37

A fire that has not vented or is only out of one or two wind

Answer 37

A fire that has not vented or is only out of one or two windows, is usually confined to one room and has been at flashover for

Question 38

Fire venting out on two floors typically means (with regard

Answer 38

Fire venting out on two floors typically means (with regard to time elapsed)

Question 39

A sign of advanced fire is burning through

Answer 39

A sign of advanced fire is burning through

Question 40

What can cause fire to attack joists or stair stringers from

Answer 40

What can cause fire to attack joists or stair stringers from both the top and bottom simultaneously

Question 41

Most important decision you will make as an IC

Answer 41

Most important decision you will make as an IC

Question 42

Aggressive attack until first in units begin coming out-a pr

Answer 42

Aggressive attack until first in units begin coming out-a problem with this method is

Question 43

What building materials/characteristics have been proven to

Answer 43

What building materials/characteristics have been proven to collapse with as little as 5 minutes fire exposure (4)

Question 44

It should be dept policy that fire that has reached flashove

Answer 44

It should be dept policy that fire that has reached flashover stage in these lightweight buildings will only be fought from ___ until ___ and ___

Question 45

Unprotected steel can fail in as little as

Answer 45

Unprotected steel can fail in as little as

Question 46

System where dispatcher keeps track of elapsed time and prom

Answer 46

System where dispatcher keeps track of elapsed time and prompts the IC. Forces the IC to recognize time is passing and evaluate/verbalize progress

Question 47

Time interval radio reports allow (2)

Answer 47

Time interval radio reports allow (2)

Question 48

Implications/Concerns of construction (4)

Answer 48

Implications/Concerns of construction (4)

Question 49

Greater compartmentation results in (3)

Answer 49

Greater compartmentation results in (3)

Question 50

Fire that attacks class 2 buildings does not usually separat

Answer 50

Fire that attacks class 2 buildings does not usually separate connections, instead, the steel

Question 51

Building class/type where walls, partitions, columns, floors

Answer 51

Building class/type where walls, partitions, columns, floors, and roofs are noncombustible. Designed to withstand the effects of fire for a limited time and prevent its spread

Question 52

Building class/type where walls, partitions, columns, floors

Answer 52

Building class/type where walls, partitions, columns, floors, and roofs are noncombustible, but less fire resistance than Class 1. Not designed to withstand effects of fire or prevent spread

Question 53

Building class/type with masonry or other noncombustible wal

Answer 53

Building class/type with masonry or other noncombustible walls with two hour fire resistance rating

Question 54

Building class/type where exterior walls are masonry or othe

Answer 54

Building class/type where exterior walls are masonry or other noncombustible with two hour fire resistance rating. Interior columns, beams, girders and heavy timber

Question 55

In Class/Type 4 construction, columns must be minimum of ___

Answer 55

In Class/Type 4 construction, columns must be minimum of ___. Floors and roofs are heavy plank at a minimum of ___ inch. Heavy fire load but excellent ___.

Question 56

In true mill construction, a subset of heavy timber, the lac

Answer 56

In true mill construction, a subset of heavy timber, the lack of ___ makes firefighting less complex than ordinary buildings

Question 57

Building class/type made of wood or other combustibles. Less

Answer 57

Building class/type made of wood or other combustibles. Less prone to collapse than noncombustible, more prone to extension

Question 58

Two obvious concerns during size up that indicate the max po

Answer 58

Two obvious concerns during size up that indicate the max potential fire area

Question 59

What can help determine true size of a structure (2)

Answer 59

What can help determine true size of a structure (2)

Question 60

What has great influence on the tactics used to control a se

Answer 60

What has great influence on the tactics used to control a serious fire

Question 61

Locations that create special firefighting problems…why?-t

Answer 61

Locations that create special firefighting problems…why?-top floor of brick/wood joist-below grade-beyond reach of ladder

Question 62

Even if the original call reported fire on a different floor

Answer 62

Even if the original call reported fire on a different floor, don’t ___

Question 63

If you encounter a full floor of hot smoke and find no fire,

Answer 63

If you encounter a full floor of hot smoke and find no fire, there’s a good chance you are ___.Classic indicator of

Question 64

If all floors are pushing heavy smoke and no visible fire, e

Answer 64

If all floors are pushing heavy smoke and no visible fire, expect fire to be in the

Question 65

If heavy, dirty smoke is pushing out of the chimney, especia

Answer 65

If heavy, dirty smoke is pushing out of the chimney, especially during non-heating seasons, look at the ___ right away

Question 66

Color of smoke indicating presence of petroleum based produc

Answer 66

Color of smoke indicating presence of petroleum based product

Question 67

Larger volumes of black smoke at the roof often signal

Answer 67

Larger volumes of black smoke at the roof often signal

Question 68

Light to moderate quantities of black smoke in the basement

Answer 68

Light to moderate quantities of black smoke in the basement indicate an

Question 69

Historically, black smoke from residential means ___, that i

Answer 69

Historically, black smoke from residential means ___, that is no longer reliable due to ___.

Question 70

Type of smoke produced when Class A material-has sufficient

Answer 70

Type of smoke produced when Class A material-has sufficient oxygen-doesn’t have sufficient oxygen

Question 71

Heavy rolling clouds, violently twisting skyward indicate (2

Answer 71

Heavy rolling clouds, violently twisting skyward indicate (2)

Question 72

Wispy smoke indicates fire in ___ stage

Answer 72

Wispy smoke indicates fire in ___ stage

Question 73

Smoke that is settling or hanging in low spots indicates

Answer 73

Smoke that is settling or hanging in low spots indicates

Question 74

FF next priority following life hazard

Answer 74

FF next priority following life hazard

Question 75

At times, the conditions that dictate taking a defensive mod

Answer 75

At times, the conditions that dictate taking a defensive mode isn’t the building or exposure, it is

Question 76

Most residential rooms have a fire load of ___ lbs of fuel

Answer 76

Most residential rooms have a fire load of ___ lbs of fuel per sq ftLibraries - ___-___ lbs fuel per sq ft

Question 77

Each pound of ordinary combustibles gives off ___ to ___ BTU

Answer 77

Each pound of ordinary combustibles gives off ___ to ___ BTU’s when totally consumed

Question 78

Each gallon of water absorbs ___ BTU when heated from, 70 de

Answer 78

Each gallon of water absorbs ___ BTU when heated from, 70 degrees to steam

Question 79

Water application rates increase roughly ___ with plastics

Answer 79

Water application rates increase roughly ___ with plastics

Question 80

___ is advantageous to reducing damage to structural element

Answer 80

___ is advantageous to reducing damage to structural elements as well as aiding in search for victims

Question 81

The presence and serviceability of ___ deserve high priorit

Answer 81

The presence and serviceability of ___ deserve high priority in any size-up

Question 82

Two immediate ways to reduce the likelihood of a loss in sit

Answer 82

Two immediate ways to reduce the likelihood of a loss in situations where available water delivery systems aren’t enough to extinguish the fire

Question 83

OOS auxiliary appliances are often justification for

Answer 83

OOS auxiliary appliances are often justification for

Question 84

Special street conditions like trenches, road construction,

Answer 84

Special street conditions like trenches, road construction, or even deep snow may require

Question 85

Newer buildings of metal construction add little to nothing

Answer 85

Newer buildings of metal construction add little to nothing to the fire load. The major exception to this statement is

Question 86

Responsible for the destruction by fire of more buildings th

Answer 86

Responsible for the destruction by fire of more buildings than any other constructions related factor

Question 87

Poured concrete buildings can act as one-piece structures. G

Answer 87

Poured concrete buildings can act as one-piece structures. Generally, any failure that occurs in them will be

Question 88

Class of structure that is the least stable in terms of coll

Answer 88

Class of structure that is the least stable in terms of collapse

Question 89

This is usually the primary function of engine companies

Answer 89

This is usually the primary function of engine companies

Question 90

In theory, 1 gal of water will provide sufficient cooling to

Answer 90

In theory, 1 gal of water will provide sufficient cooling to quench approx ___ of fuel

Question 91

Flows of ___ for each ___ sq ft of fire area are sufficient

Answer 91

Flows of ___ for each ___ sq ft of fire area are sufficient to control fires in areas of light fire loads of ordinary combustibles, provided the area has not been vented

Question 92

Name

Answer 92

Question

Question 93

Things that have helped improve the ability to get inside an

Answer 93

Things that have helped improve the ability to get inside and put out a fire

Question 94

Fire progresses through the following three stages

Answer 94

Fire progresses through the following three stages

Question 95

Characteristics of fire in Incipient stage (3)How to attack?

Answer 95

Characteristics of fire in Incipient stage (3)How to attack? (3)

Question 96

Characteristics of fire in Free-burning stage (5)How to atta

Answer 96

Characteristics of fire in Free-burning stage (5)How to attack? (2)

Question 97

In which stage do you find most working fires?

Answer 97

In which stage do you find most working fires?

Question 98

A way to obtain a floor layout in a multi story building

Answer 98

A way to obtain a floor layout in a multi story building

Question 99

Generally, ___ length of hose is sufficient for most homes/a

Answer 99

Generally, ___ length of hose is sufficient for most homes/apartments

Question 100

Safe areas where you would stretch dry hose to would be (3)

Answer 100

Safe areas where you would stretch dry hose to would be (3)

Question 101

Method of attack where you sweep ceiling for 5 to 10 seconds

Answer 101

Method of attack where you sweep ceiling for 5 to 10 seconds to cool the hot gasses then lower to burning materials

Question 102

Nozzle team should stretch dry hose to a ___ before having t

Answer 102

Nozzle team should stretch dry hose to a ___ before having the line charged

Question 103

In an advanced multi-room fire, nozzle operator should use _

Answer 103

In an advanced multi-room fire, nozzle operator should use ___ to move fire farther and farther away. Progressing from ___ to ___ to ___ continuouesly

Question 104

What to do if using a fog stream and getting a lot of heat b

Answer 104

What to do if using a fog stream and getting a lot of heat behind you

Question 105

Advantages of combination attack (3)

Answer 105

Advantages of combination attack (3)

Question 106

Disadvantages of combination attack (2)

Answer 106

Disadvantages of combination attack (2)

Question 107

Characteristics of Smoldering/Decaying Stage (2)

Answer 107

Characteristics of Smoldering/Decaying Stage (2)

Question 108

If you suspect a backdraft, the first tactic is to

Answer 108

If you suspect a backdraft, the first tactic is to

Question 109

If you suspect a backdraft and roof ventilation is not possi

Answer 109

If you suspect a backdraft and roof ventilation is not possible or will take too long, the second approach should be

Question 110

Where do most backdrafts occur

Answer 110

Where do most backdrafts occur

Question 111

Elements needed for successful indirect attack (4)

Answer 111

Elements needed for successful indirect attack (4)

Question 112

In an indirect attack, if resources do not permit a rapid fo

Answer 112

In an indirect attack, if resources do not permit a rapid follow up and immediate advance of sufficient hose streams, then it is best to

Question 113

If ventilation is performed prematurely, ___ may occur throu

Answer 113

If ventilation is performed prematurely, ___ may occur throughout the superheated area

Question 114

Two reasons the indirect method of attack isnt practical fo

Answer 114

Two reasons the indirect method of attack isn’t practical for the majority of structure fires is

Question 115

Four key requirements for indirect attack

Answer 115

Four key requirements for indirect attack

Question 116

Indirect attack is not suitable for use in

Answer 116

Indirect attack is not suitable for use in

Question 117

Indirect attack does not maintain

Answer 117

Indirect attack does not maintain

Question 118

Large-area commercial structures are unlikely locations for

Answer 118

Large-area commercial structures are unlikely locations for indirect attack since

Question 119

It is important to recognize that the use of the indirect me

Answer 119

It is important to recognize that the use of the indirect method of attack alone may not prevent

Question 120

Third option/approach for suspected backdraft

Answer 120

Third option/approach for suspected backdraft

Question 121

Misconception about backdrafts is that they dont occur at f

Answer 121

Misconception about backdrafts is that they don’t occur at fires that are

Question 122

Advantages of Indirect Method of Attack (4)

Answer 122

Advantages of Indirect Method of Attack (4)

Question 123

Disadvantages of Indirect Method of Attack (5)

Answer 123

Disadvantages of Indirect Method of Attack (5)

Question 124

Three different operating modes

Answer 124

Three different operating modes

Question 125

Defensive operations are generally ___, with the highest pri

Answer 125

Defensive operations are generally ___, with the highest priority being ___

Question 126

Exposure protection is best accomplished by

Answer 126

Exposure protection is best accomplished by

Question 127

Two means responsible for most of the spread of fire to expo

Answer 127

Two means responsible for most of the spread of fire to exposures

Question 128

Important tactic at fires in warehouses containing poisons o

Answer 128

Important tactic at fires in warehouses containing poisons or pesticides…and why?

Question 129

Cardinal rule of aggressive firefighting

Answer 129

Cardinal rule of aggressive firefighting

Question 130

Major downfall of many engine company operations

Answer 130

Major downfall of many engine company operations

Question 131

Things that influence the time it takes to position hoseline

Answer 131

Things that influence the time it takes to position hoseline (4)

Question 132

Get the first line in place between the ___ and ___ as soon

Answer 132

Get the first line in place between the ___ and ___ as soon as possible. If necessary commit ___ to the task

Question 133

Before you split crews or start another difficult hoseline s

Answer 133

Before you split crews or start another difficult hoseline stretch with an insufficient number of personnel, concentrate on

Question 134

Only two things should prevent hoseline advances

Answer 134

Only two things should prevent hoseline advances

Question 135

If heat is thwarting the advance, as opposed to a visible bo

Answer 135

If heat is thwarting the advance, as opposed to a visible body of fire, the answer probably lies in

Question 136

If flame is impeding your advance, ___ is needed, or ___

Answer 136

If flame is impeding your advance, ___ is needed, or ___

Question 137

When a larger flow is needed, the most practical method is

Answer 137

When a larger flow is needed, the most practical method is

Question 138

Rule of thumb when committing a second line is

Answer 138

Rule of thumb when committing a second line is

Question 139

In an average house or apartment, if the fire hasnt darkene

Answer 139

In an average house or apartment, if the fire hasn’t darkened down after ___ of hoseline operations, something is drastically wrong. In most cases this will happen in under ___

Question 140

In most cases, the threats to victims are best removed if we

Answer 140

In most cases, the threats to victims are best removed if we

Question 141

The ___ attack is highly suited for the second, free-burning

Answer 141

The ___ attack is highly suited for the second, free-burning stage with its high ceiling temps and large volume of flame yet sufficient oxygen and relatively low floor area temps

Question 142

A master stream from an elevated platform can cover a fronta

Answer 142

A master stream from an elevated platform can cover a frontage about ___ in length and up to about ___ stories high

Question 143

Final guide for engine company ff

Answer 143

Final guide for engine company ff

Question 144

Name

Answer 144

Question

Question 145

Two criteria to determine whether your effort will successfu

Answer 145

Two criteria to determine whether your effort will successfully extinguish the fire

Question 146

Residences have three characteristics that play an important

Answer 146

Residences have three characteristics that play an important role when selecting hoselines

Question 147

If a fire in a residential occupancy has reached flashover s

Answer 147

If a fire in a residential occupancy has reached flashover stage, a hoseline of at least ___ diameter is required

Question 148

Past experience has shown that 2 1/2 hose is ___ on all but

Answer 148

Past experience has shown that 2 1/2” hose is ___ on all but the largest residential fires

Question 149

Most commercial/industrial properties dictate stretching a 2

Answer 149

Most commercial/industrial properties dictate stretching a 2 1/2” hose because (3 reasons)

Question 150

Rule of thumb, ___ lengths of 1 1/2 hose is the maximum len

Answer 150

Rule of thumb, ___ lengths of 1 1/2” hose is the maximum length for preconnect if you want to flow 125 GPM___ lengths of 1 3/4” at 150 GPM or 2” at 190 GPM

Question 151

Even relatively small commercial buildings can require ___ o

Answer 151

Even relatively small commercial buildings can require ___ or more of hose to reach the fire

Question 152

Rule of thumb is to have enough hose to equal

Answer 152

Rule of thumb is to have enough hose to equal

Question 153

Overstreching (hoselines) results in (3 things)

Answer 153

Overstreching (hoselines) results in (3 things)

Question 154

A good way to ensure that you have the correct amount of hos

Answer 154

A good way to ensure that you have the correct amount of hose is to have the nozzle team arrive at the fire area with

Question 155

What is the beginning of a successful fire attack?

Answer 155

What is the beginning of a successful fire attack?

Question 156

When stretching a hose along the stairwell, a reasonable est

Answer 156

When stretching a hose along the stairwell, a reasonable estimate is

Question 157

When running hose up an open stairwell…when the attack tea

Answer 157

When running hose up an open stairwell…when the attack team reaches a safe area, they must secure the hose to prevent

Question 158

Unless used strictly for overhaul, it should be taboo to str

Answer 158

Unless used strictly for overhaul, it should be taboo to stretch a handline directly off ___

Question 159

Of the three items to consider when putting a line into oper

Answer 159

Of the three items to consider when putting a line into operation, ___ will probably have the greatest effect on the fire

Question 160

The highest priority for hoseline positioning is

Answer 160

The highest priority for hoseline positioning is

Question 161

In unusual circumstances, a separate line may be required to

Answer 161

In unusual circumstances, a separate line may be required to protect each individual rescue. This should not, however, delay ___

Question 162

In any multi-level building, except for the need to place ho

Answer 162

In any multi-level building, except for the need to place hoselines to protect a specific life hazard, the main priority must be

Question 163

When the fire is below you, you must have ___ before startin

Answer 163

When the fire is below you, you must have ___ before starting down the stairs

Question 164

For fires in one story commercial buildings or outside fires

Answer 164

For fires in one story commercial buildings or outside fires of significant proportions, the hoseline should be placed to

Question 165

Many fires that occur in the means of egress are the result

Answer 165

Many fires that occur in the means of egress are the result of

Question 166

Factors to consider when making a decision about whether to

Answer 166

Factors to consider when making a decision about whether to commit the first line to interior operations or to act as an exposure protection line

Question 167

Combustible siding that poses the biggest exposure risk

Answer 167

Combustible siding that poses the biggest exposure risk

Question 168

Greatest protection from radiant heat (exposures)

Answer 168

Greatest protection from radiant heat (exposures)

Question 169

From an exposure standpoint, the most severe threat to a non

Answer 169

From an exposure standpoint, the most severe threat to a non combustible sided building would be

Question 170

With as little as ___ gap between two noncombustible walls,

Answer 170

With as little as ___ gap between two noncombustible walls, there is little threat from exposure if the first line puts the fire out

Question 171

In a framed structure, if the entire wall surface of the fir

Answer 171

In a framed structure, if the entire wall surface of the fire building is involved, the separation of ___ or even ___ may not be enough to prevent an exposure from becoming involved

Question 172

Functions of the nozzle

Answer 172

Functions of the nozzle

Question 173

Temporary measure to reestablish/maintain control of the noz

Answer 173

Temporary measure to reestablish/maintain control of the nozzle

Question 174

If only a portion of the flow is required for fire control,

Answer 174

If only a portion of the flow is required for fire control, ___

Question 175

Rule of thumb, no nozzle should have an opening greater than

Answer 175

Rule of thumb, no nozzle should have an opening greater than

Question 176

___ is a useful factor to keep in mind when the fire is hidd

Answer 176

___ is a useful factor to keep in mind when the fire is hidden, either in deep-seated piles of materials or behind building surfaces. (nozzles openings)

Question 177

Nozzle tip for response area made up of overcrowded tenement

Answer 177

Nozzle tip for response area made up of overcrowded tenements with tight bends and long hose stretchesAdvantages of it…

Question 178

Two main types of fog nozzles currently in use

Answer 178

Two main types of fog nozzles currently in use

Question 179

It is a good idea always to ensure that when beginning opera

Answer 179

It is a good idea always to ensure that when beginning operations, the nozzles manual setting is

Question 180

Basic concept of a constant-pressure (automatic) fog nozzle

Answer 180

Basic concept of a constant-pressure (automatic) fog nozzle

Question 181

Rule of thumb, if one person can control a 1 3/4 or 2 hand

Answer 181

Rule of thumb, if one person can control a 1 3/4” or 2” handline, then

Question 182

A fire in a ___ can spread quickly and pose the added danger

Answer 182

A fire in a ___ can spread quickly and pose the added danger of falling objects

Question 183

Last resort devices for applying water where an entrance to

Answer 183

Last resort devices for applying water where an entrance to an area is impossible or impractical. Most people grossly underestimate the time it takes to put them into operation

Question 184

Things that have reduced the use of cellar nozzles and distr

Answer 184

Things that have reduced the use of cellar nozzles and distributors (3 things)

Question 185

Cellar nozzles task is to ___ the fire rather than ___

Answer 185

Cellar nozzles task is to ___ the fire rather than ___

Question 186

Difficulties associated with the use of cellar nozzles

Answer 186

Difficulties associated with the use of cellar nozzles

Question 187

How to protect the person/crew cutting the access hole and o

Answer 187

How to protect the person/crew cutting the access hole and operating the cellar nozzle

Question 188

Cellar pipes, such as the ___, only apply water in one or tw

Answer 188

Cellar pipes, such as the ___, only apply water in one or two directions at a time. For this reason, they must be constantly staffed with personnel directing the stream for greatest effect

Question 189

One redeeming factor of cellar pipes

Answer 189

One redeeming factor of cellar pipes

Question 190

Revolving nozzle with a limited range, a radius of the only

Answer 190

Revolving nozzle with a limited range, a radius of the only ___. Has to be placed nearly directly over the fire

Question 191

Bresnan distributor disadvantage/advantage

Answer 191

Bresnan distributor disadvantage/advantage

Question 192

When using any cellar nozzle, place a ___ so that the crew c

Answer 192

When using any cellar nozzle, place a ___ so that the crew can control the flow without worrying about the floor caving in beneath them

Question 193

Extremely expanded solution of water and detergent

Answer 193

Extremely expanded solution of water and detergent

Question 194

Primary function of High-ex foam

Answer 194

Primary function of High-ex foam

Question 195

Primarily been used as a defensive tool when crews have been

Answer 195

Primarily been used as a defensive tool when crews have been pushed out of a cellar and nothing else seems to be working

Question 196

When high-ex foam is discharged into an area, an opening mus

Answer 196

When high-ex foam is discharged into an area, an opening must be provided preferably located ___ for the purpose of

Question 197

Factors that must be present for high-ex foam to stand a cha

Answer 197

Factors that must be present for high-ex foam to stand a chance of extinguishing the fire

Question 198

Problems with high-ex foam

Answer 198

Problems with high-ex foam

Question 199

Only enter high-ex foam blanket under the following circumst

Answer 199

Only enter high-ex foam blanket under the following circumstances

Question 200

Description given to the several additives that were first d

Answer 200

Description given to the several additives that were first developed to reduce water surface tension

Question 201

System designed to improve the flow of water through a hosel

Answer 201

System designed to improve the flow of water through a hoseline by injecting POLYOX

Question 202

One of the first Class A foams developed

Answer 202

One of the first Class A foams developed

Question 203

Additive originally developed by 3M with the Navy for use on

Answer 203

Additive originally developed by 3M with the Navy for use on Class B fires primarily involving aircraft crash firefighting

Question 204

For the purpose of applying foam to coat the exterior of an

Answer 204

For the purpose of applying foam to coat the exterior of an exposed structure as a wildfire approached, what allowed the foam to cling to walls and other vertical surfaces better than wetter foam produced by fog nozzles

Question 205

Basic components for CAFS

Answer 205

Basic components for CAFS

Question 206

Claims have been made that a CAFS stream can knock down a fi

Answer 206

Claims have been made that a CAFS stream can knock down a fire in ___ the time of a conventional hoseline using only ___ the water

Question 207

Current disadvantages of CAFS

Answer 207

Current disadvantages of CAFS

Question 208

Can be used to extinguish gasoline truck fire from greater s

Answer 208

Can be used to extinguish gasoline truck fire from greater safety

Question 209

Characteristic of AFFF that makes it ideal for fighting gaso

Answer 209

Characteristic of AFFF that makes it ideal for fighting gasoline truck fires as opposed to protein foam

Question 210

An innovative way to fight fires involving the undercarriage

Answer 210

An innovative way to fight fires involving the undercarriages of many of the heavier motor vehicles

Question 211

Uses for the piercing applicator (3)

Answer 211

Uses for the piercing applicator (3)

Question 212

Putting the proper size hoseline at the required place in th

Answer 212

Putting the proper size hoseline at the required place in the least possible time with the most efficient use of personnel is the job of the

Question 213

Even a flimsy hollow-core wooden door has some containment v

Answer 213

Even a flimsy hollow-core wooden door has some containment value if

Question 214

A unit that only responds to single-story homes built on sla

Answer 214

A unit that only responds to single-story homes built on slabs will probably be able to use ___ hose to good advantage, while units that face larger homes and those with basements or cellars may require ___

Question 215

Name

Answer 215

Question

Question 216

Ensuring that the proper volume of water is available at the

Answer 216

Ensuring that the proper volume of water is available at the required location on the fireground

Question 217

1 cu ft of water weighs about ___ and is equal to about ___

Answer 217

1 cu ft of water weighs about ___ and is equal to about ___ gallons

Question 218

Fluid pressure is ___ to the surface on which it acts

Answer 218

Fluid pressure is ___ to the surface on which it acts

Question 219

The pressure in a confined body of water at rest is the ___

Answer 219

The pressure in a confined body of water at rest is the ___

Question 220

The pressure of a fluid in an open container is ___

Answer 220

The pressure of a fluid in an open container is ___

Question 221

For every foot of height that the water rises, it exerts ___

Answer 221

For every foot of height that the water rises, it exerts ___ of force. This is known as ___

Question 222

The pressure of water in an open container is independent of

Answer 222

The pressure of water in an open container is independent of the shape and volume of the container. It depends solely on ___

Question 223

The pressure a fluid exerts is proportional to the ___ of th

Answer 223

The pressure a fluid exerts is proportional to the ___ of that fluid

Question 224

If the intake of the pump is ___ above the surface of the li

Answer 224

If the intake of the pump is ___ above the surface of the liquid at any time, it will be physically impossible to draft

Question 225

Pressure on a confined fluid is transmitted ___ throughout t

Answer 225

Pressure on a confined fluid is transmitted ___ throughout that fluid

Question 226

Most common resistance to water flow

Answer 226

Most common resistance to water flow

Question 227

Low flow where there is almost no turbulence and all water m

Answer 227

Low flow where there is almost no turbulence and all water molecules move along quite smoothly

Question 228

Factors involved in supply capabilities (3)

Answer 228

Factors involved in supply capabilities (3)

Question 229

Items that should be known by pump operators and company/chi

Answer 229

Items that should be known by pump operators and company/chief officers before the incident

Question 230

Having a hydrant in front of the house does not ensure

Answer 230

Having a hydrant in front of the house does not ensure

Question 231

Static pressure is no indicator of the ___ of water availabl

Answer 231

Static pressure is no indicator of the ___ of water available at a hydrant

Question 232

Low flowing pressure often indicates that the pumper should

Answer 232

Low flowing pressure often indicates that the pumper should be placed ___. This is a good policy for all but the ___.

Question 233

Minimum residual pressure that should be allowed is

Answer 233

Minimum residual pressure that should be allowed is

Question 234

Occurs when there isnt enough water in the pump to supply t

Answer 234

Occurs when there isn’t enough water in the pump to supply the demand

Question 235

Two possible actions to take to keep pressure from going bel

Answer 235

Two possible actions to take to keep pressure from going below 10 psi

Question 236

At a house fire, ___ takes priority over ___, due to the pot

Answer 236

At a house fire, ___ takes priority over ___, due to the potential life hazard and the relatively small fire area and light fire loading

Question 237

Inline pumping (pumping at the house vs from the hydrant) fo

Answer 237

Inline pumping (pumping at the house vs from the hydrant) for private dwelling fires has the advantage of speed which is ideal, but still has the disadvantage that

Question 238

Centrifugal pumps will deliver increasingly ___ flows as the

Answer 238

Centrifugal pumps will deliver increasingly ___ flows as the pressure is ___

Question 239

For relay pumping, the problem isnt always best solved by a

Answer 239

For relay pumping, the problem isn’t always best solved by a bigger pump. It might be more cost-effective to correct the___

Question 240

Drawback of automatic nozzles, particularly on master stream

Answer 240

Drawback of automatic nozzles, particularly on master stream devices

Question 241

It would be prudent to restrict the use of 4 hose to pumper

Answer 241

It would be prudent to restrict the use of 4” hose to pumpers of ___

Question 242

One of the advantages of LDH

Answer 242

One of the advantages of LDH

Question 243

Using LDH to take advantage of its low friction loss is norm

Answer 243

Using LDH to take advantage of its low friction loss is normally best accomplished by using the the hose as

Question 244

The most versatile, most highly maneuverable master stream o

Answer 244

The most versatile, most highly maneuverable master stream on the fireground today

Question 245

One of the most common reasons for deploying a master stream

Answer 245

One of the most common reasons for deploying a master stream

Question 246

Telescoping boom vs articulating boom devices for taxpayer f

Answer 246

Telescoping boom vs articulating boom devices for taxpayer fires

Question 247

Advantages of platform (tower ladder) vs ladder pipes for (2

Answer 247

Advantages of platform (tower ladder) vs ladder pipes for (2)

Question 248

One easy way to take much of the difficulty out of water sup

Answer 248

One easy way to take much of the difficulty out of water supply is to use ___ in conjunction with pressure gauges

Question 249

One complicating factor in the use of flow meters is

Answer 249

One complicating factor in the use of flow meters is

Question 250

Most satisfactory method to supply large flows is to use

Answer 250

Most satisfactory method to supply large flows is to use

Question 251

If LDH isnt available, the next best option is to use

Answer 251

If LDH isn’t available, the next best option is to use

Question 252

Even more important [regarding water supply] is to understan

Answer 252

Even more important [regarding water supply] is to understand that it is ___ that puts it out, not the pressure at which it is applied

Question 253

___ is of very little use to firefighters. It isn’t a pressu

Answer 253

___ is of very little use to firefighters. It isn’t a pressure that is able to move water

Question 254

According to one estimate, the fire loading of a building wi

Answer 254

According to one estimate, the fire loading of a building with large amounts of plastics is

Question 255

The biggest mistake is to think that by directing a stream t

Answer 255

The biggest mistake is to think that by directing a stream through a hole in the roof…

Question 256

Name

Answer 256

Question

Question 257

Sprinklers controlled or extinguished the fire more than ___

Answer 257

Sprinklers controlled or extinguished the fire more than ___ of the time. In more than 90% of the cases reported, only ___ or ___ heads went off

Question 258

What has proved to be the most effective means of protecting

Answer 258

What has proved to be the most effective means of protecting life and property from fire

Question 259

Each normal sprinkler head flowing at 50 psi will deliver ab

Answer 259

Each normal sprinkler head flowing at 50 psi will deliver about ___. Drop the pressure to 5 psi and the heads will only flow about ___.

Question 260

Two factors to consider when planning to supply FDCs

Answer 260

Two factors to consider when planning to supply FDCs

Question 261

Pumper supplying the sprinkler system should keep siamese li

Answer 261

Pumper supplying the sprinkler system should keep siamese lines ___ and operate in ___, discharging at ___

Question 262

When newly installed (most systems), piping is hydrostatical

Answer 262

When newly installed (most systems), piping is hydrostatically tested to

Question 263

One problem that sprinklers produce

Answer 263

One problem that sprinklers produce

Question 264

Sprinklers detect fire early, sound the alarm, and begin to

Answer 264

Sprinklers detect fire early, sound the alarm, and begin to apply water. This thwarts combustion, so CO levels will

Question 265

Three factors (caused by automatic sprinklers) that remove t

Answer 265

Three factors (caused by automatic sprinklers) that remove the fresh air layer often seen at fires

Question 266

___ will often be required to move this cold smoke, especial

Answer 266

___ will often be required to move this cold smoke, especially in below-grade areas

Question 267

Problem encountered with partial sprinkler systems:How to ha

Answer 267

Problem encountered with partial sprinkler systems:How to handle these incidents:

Question 268

Key point in fighting fires in sprinklered buildings: ___ is

Answer 268

Key point in fighting fires in sprinklered buildings: ___ is an absolute must, but will often be extremely difficult

Question 269

Strategy for fires in sprinklered buildings

Answer 269

Strategy for fires in sprinklered buildings

Question 270

Most common and simplest type of sprinkler system. Pipe syst

Answer 270

Most common and simplest type of sprinkler system. Pipe system connected to a source of supply that has water in its piping at all times.

Question 271

Primary function of the alarm valve

Answer 271

Primary function of the alarm valve

Question 272

With recurring false alarms from water surges, sprinkler con

Answer 272

With recurring false alarms from water surges, sprinkler contractors can adjust the alarm piping so water will flow for a longer period before it sets of alarm, up to ___

Question 273

System found in un-heated areas, where freezing poses a thre

Answer 273

System found in un-heated areas, where freezing poses a threat. More complex than wet systems. 2nd most common

Question 274

Valve that has much larger top than bottom surface. The air

Answer 274

Valve that has much larger top than bottom surface. The air pressure on top will be about 30-40 psi, which will hold back up to 100 psi

Question 275

A problem that occurs (dry pipe system) when the water above

Answer 275

A problem that occurs (dry pipe system) when the water above the clapper is so high that its weight will hold the clapper closed, even after a sprinkler has opened an all the air has bled out

Question 276

The dry-pipe system wont ___ by itself, nor can the alarm s

Answer 276

The dry-pipe system won’t ___ by itself, nor can the alarm service ___ it. The owner must arrange for the services of ___

Question 277

(After Dry pipe system has gone off) If no threat of freezin

Answer 277

(After Dry pipe system has gone off) If no threat of freezing, ff can leave the system on as

Question 278

Piping system connected to a water source controlled by an a

Answer 278

Piping system connected to a water source controlled by an automatic valve. Open sprinkler heads.

Question 279

Deluge systems protect areas such as

Answer 279

Deluge systems protect areas such as

Question 280

FF responding to buildings protected by deluge systems must

Answer 280

FF responding to buildings protected by deluge systems must be prepared to

Question 281

When shutting down control valves on deluge systems, you mus

Answer 281

When shutting down control valves on deluge systems, you must be careful not to

Question 282

Automatic detection system coupled with an automatic dry-pip

Answer 282

Automatic detection system coupled with an automatic dry-pipe system. Often installed over very expensive electronic equipment that could be damaged by water leak

Question 283

Preaction differs from deluge in that

Answer 283

Preaction differs from deluge in that

Question 284

Preaction system saves time in getting water on the fire sin

Answer 284

Preaction system saves time in getting water on the fire since

Question 285

Preaction systems are activated by ___. In some cases ___ de

Answer 285

Preaction systems are activated by ___. In some cases ___ detectors must activate to prevent false alarm trips

Question 286

The most recent innovation in sprinkler systems use heat det

Answer 286

The most recent innovation in sprinkler systems use heat detectors to ___

Question 287

Primary purpose of Preaction system

Answer 287

Primary purpose of Preaction system

Question 288

Excellent choice for a system that has limited water supply,

Answer 288

Excellent choice for a system that has limited water supply, such as a pressure tank

Question 289

Logical way to extend sprinkler protection into existing uns

Answer 289

Logical way to extend sprinkler protection into existing unsprinklered high-rise buildings in the early 70’s

Question 290

Exterior signs that a building is protected by a sprinkler s

Answer 290

Exterior signs that a building is protected by a sprinkler system are

Question 291

Upon arrival at a fire in a sprinklered building, we should

Answer 291

Upon arrival at a fire in a sprinklered building, we should first determine ___, since this will indicate our course of action

Question 292

Building codes often permit ___ with the installation of a s

Answer 292

Building codes often permit ___ with the installation of a sprinkler system, especially in new construction

Question 293

If we find a fire in a building where sprinklers are not ope

Answer 293

If we find a fire in a building where sprinklers are not operating, conduct manual attack and immediately ___

Question 294

If sprinklers arent operating at a fire, send recon team to

Answer 294

If sprinklers aren’t operating at a fire, send recon team to check the ___. If it’s found closed, it could be an indication of ___.

Question 295

When entering a building in alarm after hours, be alert to

Answer 295

When entering a building in alarm after hours, be alert to

Question 296

As soon as we have determined that a sprinkler system is pre

Answer 296

As soon as we have determined that a sprinkler system is present and functioning, we should

Question 297

Control valves are generally located near ___. The best poli

Answer 297

Control valves are generally located near ___. The best policy is to locate ___.

Question 298

Most common type of sprinkler system control

Answer 298

Most common type of sprinkler system control

Question 299

OS&Y stem showing means the valve is

Answer 299

OS&Y stem showing means the valve is

Question 300

Valve that shows open/shut by means of a sign within the ste

Answer 300

Valve that shows open/shut by means of a sign within the stem of the valve. Normally found with its operating handle secured by a padlock.

Question 301

Valve that shows open/shut by means of a sign within the ste

Answer 301

Valve that shows open/shut by means of a sign within the stem of the valve. Most often permanently fitted with a spoked handwheel to operate it but doesn’t raise or lower a stem

Question 302

Second largest pipe beside the large supply main. Valve is o

Answer 302

Second largest pipe beside the large supply main. Valve is of an unusual design, often an angle valve

Question 303

Advantage of chocking flowing sprinklers when restoring the

Answer 303

Advantage of chocking flowing sprinklers when restoring the system

Question 304

All sprinkler heads are marked and color-coded for ___

Answer 304

All sprinkler heads are marked and color-coded for ___

Question 305

If replacing a sprinkler head to restore system to operation

Answer 305

If replacing a sprinkler head to restore system to operational. You should ___

Question 306

Standpipe system that only has water in it when the fire dep

Answer 306

Standpipe system that only has water in it when the fire department pumps into it. May be found adjoining fire escapes or inside. Commonly found in buildings under construction with no heat

Question 307

Inherent problems with manual dry standpipe

Answer 307

Inherent problems with manual dry standpipe

Question 308

Standpipe system with small water supply (too small for adeq

Answer 308

Standpipe system with small water supply (too small for adequate stream). Slight improvement over manual dry standpipe. Reduces problems of corrosion and open valves.

Question 309

Preferred type of standpipe system. Source of water under pr

Answer 309

Preferred type of standpipe system. Source of water under pressure right up to each hose outlet.

Question 310

Better alternative to manual dry standpipe for freezing weat

Answer 310

Better alternative to manual dry standpipe for freezing weather. Deluge type valve connected to a set of manual pull boxes at each hose station

Question 311

Standpipe filled with compressed air until outlet valve is o

Answer 311

Standpipe filled with compressed air until outlet valve is opened. Not common due to maintenance problems and the need to bleed air out through the nozzle

Question 312

Good practice to boost pressure to the standpipe system

Answer 312

Good practice to boost pressure to the standpipe system

Question 313

Standpipe class designed primarily for use by fire dept pers

Answer 313

Standpipe class designed primarily for use by fire dept personnel or others trained in handling heavy fire streams. Typically no hose provided (occasionally equipped with hose for a occupants fire brigade)

Question 314

Class 1 standpipe systems have ___ outlets

Answer 314

Class 1 standpipe systems have ___ outlets

Question 315

Standpipe class designed for use by building occupants to co

Answer 315

Standpipe class designed for use by building occupants to control minor fires until the fire department arrives. Equipped with 1 1/2” hose. Shouldn’t be relied upon by fire dept personnel for serious interior fires

Question 316

Standpipe class designed to allow a department to use heavy

Answer 316

Standpipe class designed to allow a department to use heavy hose streams as well as provide first-aid hose for occupant use prior to arrival of fire department

Question 317

What to consider when deciding whether to open a stairwell d

Answer 317

What to consider when deciding whether to open a stairwell door to attack fire

Question 318

Problem with Class 3 standpipe having an outlet for 1 1/2 h

Answer 318

Problem with Class 3 standpipe having an outlet for 1 1/2” hose connection to be used by untrained operator

Question 319

Pressure reducing device that consists of two sets of overla

Answer 319

Pressure reducing device that consists of two sets of overlapping holes on a movable plate

Question 320

Precaution before connecting any fire department hose to a s

Answer 320

Precaution before connecting any fire department hose to a standpipe outlet

Question 321

Designed to allow only a set maximum pressure through the va

Answer 321

Designed to allow only a set maximum pressure through the valve, regardless of flow

Question 322

Maintenance on PRVs should be done at least every ___

Answer 322

Maintenance on PRVs should be done at least every ___

Question 323

Important component of standpipe kit to help member controll

Answer 323

Important component of standpipe kit to help member controlling the outlet valve determine pressures

Question 324

time that it takes to respond to the building and set up for

Answer 324

time that it takes to respond to the building and set up for operations (standpipe ops)

Question 325

NFPA 14 requires each point in an unsprinklered building be

Answer 325

NFPA 14 requires each point in an unsprinklered building be within ___ . For sprinklered buildings the distance is ___.

Question 326

Recommended location to connect to standpipe

Answer 326

Recommended location to connect to standpipe

Question 327

Advantages/disadvantages of connecting to standpipe on the f

Answer 327

Advantages/disadvantages of connecting to standpipe on the floor below the fire

Question 328

FF should never hook up to the standpipe on the fire floor i

Answer 328

FF should never hook up to the standpipe on the fire floor if

Question 329

A key part of the standpipe operations plan is (2)

Answer 329

A key part of the standpipe operations plan is (2)

Question 330

All nozzles used in standpipe operations should be ___

Answer 330

All nozzles used in standpipe operations should be ___

Question 331

Smallest wrench that has a jaw opening large enough to fit a

Answer 331

Smallest wrench that has a jaw opening large enough to fit around a 2 1/2” coupling

Question 332

Useful items in standpipe kit

Answer 332

Useful items in standpipe kit

Question 333

Door latch search marker on both doorknobs indicates:Door la

Answer 333

Door latch search marker on both doorknobs indicates:Door latch search marker hanging on the public hallway side indicates:

Question 334

Members should take the stairs if the fire is on the ___ flo

Answer 334

Members should take the stairs if the fire is on the ___ floor or below

Question 335

Once enough personnel are available to ensure the rapid adva

Answer 335

Once enough personnel are available to ensure the rapid advance of the first line, additional personnel should be committed to

Question 336

A good rule of thumb if more than one siamese connection is

Answer 336

A good rule of thumb if more than one siamese connection is found

Question 337

In the event that obvious damage to the siameses is present

Answer 337

In the event that obvious damage to the siameses is present or the system isn’t receiving adequate pressure through the initial lines

Question 338

Good starting point discharge pressure for standpipe operati

Answer 338

Good starting point discharge pressure for standpipe operations is ___. If the hoseline is to be equipped with fog nozzle, pressure should be increased to ___.

Question 339

In general, the installation of manual drypipes should be

Answer 339

In general, the installation of manual drypipes should be

Question 340

The preferred type of standpipe system is

Answer 340

The preferred type of standpipe system is

Question 341

Name

Answer 341

Question

Question 342

A good aggressive interior attack is the result of a balance

Answer 342

A good aggressive interior attack is the result of a balance between ___ and ___

Question 343

Sufficient personnel need to be assigned to ladder company f

Answer 343

Sufficient personnel need to be assigned to ladder company functions so that the following critical duties can be accomplished early enough to make a difference

Question 344

Operational plan should at least provide the following speci

Answer 344

Operational plan should at least provide the following specifics

Question 345

From past experience, the following three basic tools will b

Answer 345

From past experience, the following three basic tools will be required at almost all structure fires

Question 346

Factors to consider when planning assignments where a member

Answer 346

Factors to consider when planning assignments where a member may be operating alone

Question 347

At fires in buildings with large floor areas (malls, high ri

Answer 347

At fires in buildings with large floor areas (malls, high rises), prematurely committing a pumper or hoseline can have disastrous effect if the line is

Question 348

In ladder company operations, the primary duty of the interi

Answer 348

In ladder company operations, the primary duty of the interior team is to

Question 349

Fires most frequently start on ___ floors, severely exposing

Answer 349

Fires most frequently start on ___ floors, severely exposing the interior stairway rendering it useless

Question 350

Roof venting isnt initially required but ___, which greatly

Answer 350

Roof venting isn’t initially required but ___, which greatly speeds the advancement of hoseline, is required

Question 351

As a rule, interior teams should always be assigned and equi

Answer 351

As a rule, interior teams should always be assigned and equipped with

Question 352

Rather than attempting to assign duties to people, assign du

Answer 352

Rather than attempting to assign duties to people, assign duties to

Question 353

The following factors affect the selection and placement of

Answer 353

The following factors affect the selection and placement of a portable ladder: (5)

Question 354

As a rule of thumb, residential buildings can be estimated a

Answer 354

As a rule of thumb, residential buildings can be estimated as ___ from floor to floor. Increase this estimate to ___ in commercial buildings. Average windowsill height is ___ above the floor, with a window height of ___

Question 355

Proper climbing angle for a portable ladder

Answer 355

Proper climbing angle for a portable ladder

Question 356

At a 70* climbing angle, ___ of a ladders total length is l

Answer 356

At a 70* climbing angle, ___ of a ladder’s total length is lost. The remaining ___ is called

Question 357

How to approximate how far away from the building to place t

Answer 357

How to approximate how far away from the building to place the butt of the ladder

Question 358

Currently, most ladders in the fire service are made of

Answer 358

Currently, most ladders in the fire service are made of

Question 359

The lightweight of aluminum allows one person to handle most

Answer 359

The lightweight of aluminum allows one person to handle most ladders up to ___, both straight and extension. Two members can handle a ___ aluminum extension ladder if they butt it up against the building

Question 360

Most common drawback of aluminum ladder

Answer 360

Most common drawback of aluminum ladder

Question 361

Drawback of both fiberglass and aluminum

Answer 361

Drawback of both fiberglass and aluminum

Question 362

For aluminum ladders, the only visible evidence of loss of s

Answer 362

For aluminum ladders, the only visible evidence of loss of strength from high heat may be

Question 363

NFPA requires heat indicating labels on ___ of new aluminum

Answer 363

NFPA requires heat indicating labels on ___ of new aluminum and fiberglass ladders. Labels will change color when exposed to dangerous temperatures (___)

Question 364

A design load of ___ has been selected for most ladders (exc

Answer 364

A design load of ___ has been selected for most ladders (excluding attic and folding)

Question 365

Current ladders are at least ___ wide

Answer 365

Current ladders are at least ___ wide

Question 366

Guidelines for the safe use of ladders (11)

Answer 366

Guidelines for the safe use of ladders (11)

Question 367

If it is necessary to carry a ladder in the vertical positio

Answer 367

If it is necessary to carry a ladder in the vertical position for a short distance, one member must

Question 368

If a ladder is being left unattended, secure it at the ___ r

Answer 368

If a ladder is being left unattended, secure it at the ___ rather than the ___ to prevent it from ___

Question 369

Ladder towers vs tower ladders

Answer 369

Ladder towers vs tower ladders

Question 370

How many rungs of the aerial above the roof?How far off the

Answer 370

How many rungs of the aerial above the roof?How far off the building?

Question 371

When positioning an aerial, it is very important to make sur

Answer 371

When positioning an aerial, it is very important to make sure that the ladder is placed

Question 372

When placing a platform to the roof, who can best place it?

Answer 372

When placing a platform to the roof, who can best place it?

Question 373

When placing a platform, if no parapet wall, place the baske

Answer 373

When placing a platform, if no parapet wall, place the basketIf parapet wall, place basket

Question 374

Search method often recommended more than an all-interior ap

Answer 374

Search method often recommended more than an all-interior approach. Escape route is always on the outside of the building

Question 375

Where to place basket or aerial ladder for window access/res

Answer 375

Where to place basket or aerial ladder for window access/rescue

Question 376

Amount of surface area that may be physically contacted by a

Answer 376

Amount of surface area that may be physically contacted by an aerial device

Question 377

When positioning midship-mounted devices, the best scrub are

Answer 377

When positioning midship-mounted devices, the best scrub area is obtained by placing the apparatusRear mounted

Question 378

Guidelines for aerial apparatus positioning (4)

Answer 378

Guidelines for aerial apparatus positioning (4)

Question 379

In the absence of any specific requirements, position the ae

Answer 379

In the absence of any specific requirements, position the aerial apparatus ___

Question 380

If people on aerial device are exposed to severe conditions

Answer 380

If people on aerial device are exposed to severe conditions your options are

Question 381

The purpose of ___ is to guard against rekindling of the fir

Answer 381

The purpose of ___ is to guard against rekindling of the fire after the department has left the scene

Question 382

A rekindle is often ___ than the original fireWhy?

Answer 382

A rekindle is often ___ than the original fireWhy?

Question 383

Overhaul may be performed in the following two phases

Answer 383

Overhaul may be performed in the following two phases

Question 384

Once fire has heavily involved a kitchen or bathroom, it is

Answer 384

Once fire has heavily involved a kitchen or bathroom, it is essential to examine ___. Why?

Question 385

(Overhaul) After vertical voids, the most important areas to

Answer 385

(Overhaul) After vertical voids, the most important areas to examine are ___. The next location that must be examined is ___.

Question 386

During postcontrol overhauling, ff must use ___ to decide wh

Answer 386

During postcontrol overhauling, ff must use ___ to decide what a justifiable opening is

Question 387

As a guide, normal Class A combustibles that are showing ___

Answer 387

As a guide, normal Class A combustibles that are showing ___ on the surface are still hot enough to reignite

Question 388

The ignition temperatures of common combustibles are in the

Answer 388

The ignition temperatures of common combustibles are in the range of ___. Human skin begins to develop burns at ___.

Question 389

Rule/guideline to use when considering whether to open a wal

Answer 389

Rule/guideline to use when considering whether to open a wall or surface

Question 390

Final sense that ff should use in overhauling

Answer 390

Final sense that ff should use in overhauling

Question 391

Items such as mattresses and couches should usually be ___ f

Answer 391

Items such as mattresses and couches should usually be ___ for overhauling

Question 392

Three statements of caution when transporting items (mattres

Answer 392

Three statements of caution when transporting items (mattresses/stuffed furniture) outdoors for final mop-up

Question 393

When seeking out hidden fire, the first opening should be ma

Answer 393

When seeking out hidden fire, the first opening should be made near

Question 394

A particularly difficult type of ceiling to pull is Most eff

Answer 394

A particularly difficult type of ceiling to pull is Most effective method to pull is

Question 395

Most efficient tool for pulling tin ceilings

Answer 395

Most efficient tool for pulling tin ceilings

Question 396

At top floor fires, best way to remove tin ceilings

Answer 396

At top floor fires, best way to remove tin ceilings

Question 397

When its impractical to remove pieces, (fire has charred ab

Answer 397

When it’s impractical to remove pieces, (fire has charred abutting wooden structural members or fire has burned roof joists and ridgepole of peaked roof) ___ may be required for overhaul

Question 398

For overhauling in vacant buildings, take advantage of ___ w

Answer 398

For overhauling in vacant buildings, take advantage of ___ where water damage is nonexistent and dangers to ff are substantial

Question 399

Fast methods to cover items in rooms before pulling ceiling

Answer 399

Fast methods to cover items in rooms before pulling ceiling if time permits

Question 400

Useful tactic to allow accumulated water to run off instead

Answer 400

Useful tactic to allow accumulated water to run off instead of causing ceiling to collapse later

Question 401

Members sent to cellars to shut down utilities must be equip

Answer 401

Members sent to cellars to shut down utilities must be equipped with ___, even if the fire is on the first or second floor

Question 402

Before proceeding upward, check the climbing angle by

Answer 402

Before proceeding upward, check the climbing angle by

Question 403

Pumpers carry hundreds of feet of hose, whereas aerials are

Answer 403

Pumpers carry hundreds of feet of hose, whereas aerials are of fixed lengths. Surely a pumper could be spotted

Question 404

Name

Answer 404

Question

Question 405

In serious fire situations, ___ should be the overriding con

Answer 405

In serious fire situations, ___ should be the overriding concern (forcible entry)

Question 406

The last factor and the one that should be of the least conc

Answer 406

The last factor and the one that should be of the least concern in most cases (forcible entry)

Question 407

4 Rules for forcible entry

Answer 407

4 Rules for forcible entry

Question 408

About 99% of residential doors open ___. Commercial building

Answer 408

About 99% of residential doors open ___. Commercial buildings and places of assembly, doors open ___.

Question 409

When going to Class 1 buildings, the axe can be replaced by

Answer 409

When going to Class 1 buildings, the axe can be replaced by ___ (forcible entry)

Question 410

In public hallways at apartment buildings, if you encounter

Answer 410

In public hallways at apartment buildings, if you encounter a door that opens toward you expect it to possibly lead to a

Question 411

Method for checking heat on the door prior to attempting to

Answer 411

Method for checking heat on the door prior to attempting to open it

Question 412

When trying the doorknob, if its locked give it a shake to

Answer 412

When trying the doorknob, if it’s locked give it a shake to determine

Question 413

Most normal locking devices have a cylinder located about __

Answer 413

Most normal locking devices have a cylinder located about ___

Question 414

Most efficient combination of manual forcible entry tools

Answer 414

Most efficient combination of manual forcible entry tools

Question 415

Halligan provides ___ different means of getting a bite

Answer 415

Halligan provides ___ different means of getting a bite

Question 416

In conventional forcible entry, to breach an inward-opening

Answer 416

In conventional forcible entry, to breach an inward-opening door

Question 417

When other methods have failed in conventional forcible entr

Answer 417

When other methods have failed in conventional forcible entry, an alternative method to breach an inward-opening door (last resort)

Question 418

In conventional forcible entry, to breach an outward-opening

Answer 418

In conventional forcible entry, to breach an outward-opening door

Question 419

Through-the-lock forcible entry was pioneered by ___

Answer 419

Through-the-lock forcible entry was pioneered by ___

Question 420

Often provides the fastest, least damaging, and sometimes th

Answer 420

Often provides the fastest, least damaging, and sometimes the only way in (forcible entry)

Question 421

Through the lock entry is usually indicated by (3)

Answer 421

Through the lock entry is usually indicated by (3)

Question 422

Most efficient way to remove lock cylinders

Answer 422

Most efficient way to remove lock cylinders

Question 423

When the Halligan is inserted into the stirrup on the K-tool

Answer 423

When the Halligan is inserted into the stirrup on the K-tool, the force needs to be applied in what direction?

Question 424

Simplest type of lock to conquer, mounted on the edge of the

Answer 424

Simplest type of lock to conquer, mounted on the edge of the door

Question 425

How to open a rim lock

Answer 425

How to open a rim lock

Question 426

Lock usually found on doors of apartments in high-crime area

Answer 426

Lock usually found on doors of apartments in high-crime areas. When you pull the cylinder you find a square shaft instead of a flat shaft. Found only on inward-opening doors

Question 427

How to open/bypass a police lock

Answer 427

How to open/bypass a police lock

Question 428

Lock that is recessed inside the door itself. FFs seem to h

Answer 428

Lock that is recessed inside the door itself. FF’s seem to have the most difficulty with these locks because of unfamiliarity

Question 429

How to open a mortise lock

Answer 429

How to open a mortise lock

Question 430

The design of the mortise lock results in their greatest for

Answer 430

The design of the mortise lock results in their greatest force being in the ___ position, where most of the work will be done

Question 431

Lock types that indicate the through the lock method be used

Answer 431

Lock types that indicate the through the lock method be used

Question 432

For narrow stile doors (plate glass/aluminum) what should be

Answer 432

For narrow stile doors (plate glass/aluminum) what should be a last resort for entry

Question 433

Methods for entry into narrow-stile doors

Answer 433

Methods for entry into narrow-stile doors

Question 434

Lock that is readily identifiable from the outside by a rect

Answer 434

Lock that is readily identifiable from the outside by a rectangular steel plate in the center of the door that shields the lock cylinder

Question 435

How to open fox lock

Answer 435

How to open fox lock

Question 436

One indication when through the lock entry is not appropriat

Answer 436

One indication when through the lock entry is not appropriate

Question 437

Most effective solution to date for forcible entry

Answer 437

Most effective solution to date for forcible entry

Question 438

Advantages of hydraulic forcible entry

Answer 438

Advantages of hydraulic forcible entry

Question 439

You shouldnt use hydraulic forcible entry tools when ___ is

Answer 439

You shouldn’t use hydraulic forcible entry tools when ___ is a concern but speed is not. They are also not designed for ___

Question 440

Hydraulic forcible entry tools work best on what kind of doo

Answer 440

Hydraulic forcible entry tools work best on what kind of doors?

Question 441

One of the most difficult forcible entry challenges you coul

Answer 441

One of the most difficult forcible entry challenges you could ever encounter

Question 442

Through the lock is ineffective against the ___ lock

Answer 442

Through the lock is ineffective against the ___ lock

Question 443

First step when faced with a Mul-T-Lock door

Answer 443

First step when faced with a Mul-T-Lock door

Question 444

If a Mul-T-Lock door is locked/engaged…3 choices

Answer 444

If a Mul-T-Lock door is locked/engaged…3 choices

Question 445

___ and ___ gates are the most common and simplest to force.

Answer 445

___ and ___ gates are the most common and simplest to force. ___ gates pose difficulties and may have to be cut open

Question 446

The method used to force manual and mechanical gates depends

Answer 446

The method used to force manual and mechanical gates depends on

Question 447

Usually the key to forcing roll-up gates is a basic knowledg

Answer 447

Usually the key to forcing roll-up gates is a basic knowledge of

Question 448

Low vs high security padlocks

Answer 448

Low vs high security padlocks

Question 449

steel wedge tool connected to a padded handle for breaking p

Answer 449

steel wedge tool connected to a padded handle for breaking padlocks

Question 450

Fastest means of forcing multiple locks (gates/roll-up doors

Answer 450

Fastest means of forcing multiple locks (gates/roll-up doors)

Question 451

Generally, any locks above shoulder height are best cut with

Answer 451

Generally, any locks above shoulder height are best cut with (gates/roll-up doors)

Question 452

Last resort for getting through a gate

Answer 452

Last resort for getting through a gate

Question 453

The following two conditions usually indicate the need to cu

Answer 453

The following two conditions usually indicate the need to cut the door (gates/roll-up doors)

Question 454

Two styles of cuts for roll-up doors

Answer 454

Two styles of cuts for roll-up doors

Question 455

Forcing HUD windows from the interior

Answer 455

Forcing HUD windows from the interior

Question 456

If attempting to remove HUD windows from the outside, always

Answer 456

If attempting to remove HUD windows from the outside, always work from

Question 457

Major drawback of exothermic torch/burning bar

Answer 457

Major drawback of exothermic torch/burning bar

Question 458

Locks that engage the jamb more than ___ or at multiple poin

Answer 458

Locks that engage the jamb more than ___ or at multiple points are great challenges to conventional forcible entry

Question 459

The more experienced person should be the one on the ___, pl

Answer 459

The more experienced person should be the one on the ___, placing the tool in position, being in overall control of both tool, and directing the other person when to swing

Question 460

Name

Answer 460

Question

Question 461

The process of removing the toxic products of combustion and

Answer 461

The process of removing the toxic products of combustion and replacing them with fresh air

Question 462

Two main reasons for performing ventilation

Answer 462

Two main reasons for performing ventilation

Question 463

When distinguishing between venting for life and venting for

Answer 463

When distinguishing between venting for life and venting for fire, the key factor is

Question 464

Primary ventilation tactic at most low-rise, nonfireproof mu

Answer 464

Primary ventilation tactic at most low-rise, nonfireproof multiple dwellings

Question 465

Horizontal ventilation for a life hazard must be coupled wit

Answer 465

Horizontal ventilation for a life hazard must be coupled with

Question 466

The most important concept to remember when discussing venti

Answer 466

The most important concept to remember when discussing ventilation

Question 467

A good rule of thumb when deciding whether to manually open

Answer 467

A good rule of thumb when deciding whether to manually open a window or break glass to ventilate

Question 468

___ is the most suitable type of ventilation for most fires

Answer 468

___ is the most suitable type of ventilation for most fires in houses and similar-size structures that have high window-to-room ratios

Question 469

Generally, venting for fire should take place just as

Answer 469

Generally, venting for fire should take place just as

Question 470

If radios arent available, the person creating the vent sho

Answer 470

If radios aren’t available, the person creating the vent should wait until the sights and sounds of

Question 471

What to do when venting and you encounter energy efficient w

Answer 471

What to do when venting and you encounter energy efficient windows?

Question 472

Factors when trying to vent double-glazed windows

Answer 472

Factors when trying to vent double-glazed windows

Question 473

After the placement of the initial attack hoseline and desig

Answer 473

After the placement of the initial attack hoseline and designation of an interior search team, the next most crucial position to be covered is

Question 474

Best way to breach high security, impact resistant glazed wi

Answer 474

Best way to breach high security, impact resistant glazed windows

Question 475

Horizontal ventilation is often faster and easier to perform

Answer 475

Horizontal ventilation is often faster and easier to perform than vertical ventilation because

Question 476

Peaked roofs are usually much more easily vented by

Answer 476

Peaked roofs are usually much more easily vented by

Question 477

Fires that will be greatly aided by vertical ventilation

Answer 477

Fires that will be greatly aided by vertical ventilation

Question 478

Ventilation involving hoselines, portable fans, or building

Answer 478

Ventilation involving hoselines, portable fans, or building ventilation systems

Question 479

One of the earliest and simplest means of mechanical ventila

Answer 479

One of the earliest and simplest means of mechanical ventilation. Least demanding in terms of personnel

Question 480

When you shouldnt use a hose stream for ventilation (3)

Answer 480

When you shouldn’t use a hose stream for ventilation (3)

Question 481

PPV advantage over negative pressure ventilation

Answer 481

PPV advantage over negative pressure ventilation

Question 482

PPV works best with minor to moderate fires where ___, rathe

Answer 482

PPV works best with minor to moderate fires where ___, rather than ___, is the greatest difficulty

Question 483

Prime candidates for PPV

Answer 483

Prime candidates for PPV

Question 484

Most serious drawback/disadvantages of PPV

Answer 484

Most serious drawback/disadvantages of PPV

Question 485

PPV mustnt be used if ff are entering the building from any

Answer 485

PPV mustn’t be used if ff are entering the building from any points other than

Question 486

Basic tenet for an interior ffs search for a life hazard is

Answer 486

Basic tenet for an interior ff’s search for a life hazard is to (ventilation)

Question 487

The most common vertical artery in a multistory structure Se

Answer 487

The most common vertical artery in a multistory structure Second most common vertical artery (ventilation)

Question 488

When breaking a skylight while other personnel may be ascend

Answer 488

When breaking a skylight while other personnel may be ascending the stairs

Question 489

By feeling soil pipes (pipe chase) for heat, a member can es

Answer 489

By feeling soil pipes (pipe chase) for heat, a member can estimate whether or not fire is about to enter

Question 490

For a serious fire within a buildings voids (often smoky be

Answer 490

For a serious fire within a building’s voids (often smoky because oxygen limited)…poor visibility, difficulty locating and attacking. The answer is

Question 491

Roof constructed of beams (2x10s, 3x12s, etc) with roof dec

Answer 491

Roof constructed of beams (2x10’s, 3x12s, etc) with roof decking (1x6) directly attached. Generally covered with tar paper, tin and hot tar. Relatively safe to work on, even over heavy fire. Catastrophic failure not a concern

Question 492

Warning sign for FFs on old-style roof

Answer 492

Warning sign for FF’s on old-style roof

Question 493

On a standard/old style roof, before the time-consuming oper

Answer 493

On a standard/old style roof, before the time-consuming operation of cutting a hole, first vent

Question 494

Proper size hole for a fire in a large-area flat-roof struct

Answer 494

Proper size hole for a fire in a large-area flat-roof structure is

Question 495

First step in making a (vertical) ventilation opening is to

Answer 495

First step in making a (vertical) ventilation opening is to

Question 496

Two types of examination holes (vertical ventilation)

Answer 496

Two types of examination holes (vertical ventilation)

Question 497

When cutting a flat roof, cut to vent as many ___ as possibl

Answer 497

When cutting a flat roof, cut to vent as many ___ as possible rather than extending the channel between existing joists

Question 498

Having a ___ on the roof to control fire from spreading acro

Answer 498

Having a ___ on the roof to control fire from spreading across roof is highly recommended

Question 499

Beware of roofs that have been weakened by

Answer 499

Beware of roofs that have been weakened by

Question 500

Roof where the roof boards (deck) are raised above the joist

Answer 500

Roof where the roof boards (deck) are raised above the joists on a framework of 2x4’s