Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

z oral surgery / oral diseases > odontogenic tumours > Flashcards

odontogenic tumours Flashcards

1
Q

where do odontogenic tumours arise from?

what is the most common?

A

arise from epithelium within bones of the jaw

ameloblastoma is most common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the classification of odontogenic tumours based on?

A

on the stages of normal tooth development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 3 groups of benign odontogenic tumours?

A
  1. odontogenic epithelium only
    • only with mature fibrous stroma
    • without odontogenic mesenchyme
  2. mixed odontogenic epithelium
    • with odontogenic ectomesenchyme
    • with or without dental hard tissue formation
  3. mesenchyme and/or odontogenic ectomesenchyme
    • with ot without odontogenic epithelium
    • no evidence of dental hard tissue formation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name malignant odontogenic tumours

A
  • ameloblastic carinoma
  • primary intraosseous carcinoma
  • sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma
  • clear cell odontogenic carcinoma
  • ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma
  • odontogenic carcinosarcoma
  • odontogenic sarcomas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is an ameloblastoma?

what is the classification?

A

benign odontogenic tumour

odontogenic epithelium without odontogenic mesenchyme

locally invasive neoplasm

  • continues to grow if not removed and invade local tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the types of ameloblastoma

A

3 types

  1. solid / multicystic, intraosseous 85%
  2. unicystic ameloblastoma 14%
  3. peripheral ameloblastoma 1%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ameloblastoma clinical features

age

sex

site

A
  • age
    • wide range
    • majority 4th,5th decades
  • sex
    • equal distribution
  • site
    • 80% mandible 20% maxilla
    • in mandible
      • 70% molar region
      • mostly in angle of mandible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

symptoms of ameloblastoma

A
  • slow growing
  • may be asymptomatic
  • gradually increasing facial deformity and expansion of the jaw
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

signs of ameloblastoma

A
  • bony, hard, non-tender ovoid swelling
  • egg shell crackling of bone in advanced cases
  • perforation of bone and spread into soft tissues late features
  • in maxilla
    • swelling may produce little swelling if extended into maxillary antrum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the radiographic features of an ameloblastoma

A
  • multilocular mostly
  • well defined corticated outline
  • uniformly radiolucent
  • radiopaque septa
  • effect on adjacent structures
    • expansion of buccal/lingual bone
    • teeth displaced
    • roots of involved teeth may be resorbed
  • may be associated with unerupted tooth, particularly lower third moalrs mimicking dentigerous cyst
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what radiographic features are shown here

identify this

A
  • multilocular appearance
  • angle of the mandible
  • resorbing distal root of lower 2nd molar
  • displacement of 3rd molar

ameloblastoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what radiographic features are shown here

identify

A
  • radiolucency at angle of the mandible
    • involving ramous
  • resorption of the roots
  • multilocular appearance

ameloblastoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the different patterns of histopathology in ameloblastoma

A

follicular or plexiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe the follicular pattern of histopathology in an ameloblastoma

A
  • rounded islands or follicles
    • surrounded by fibrous tissue
  • resembling enamel organ of tooth germ
    • central mass resembling stellate reticulum
    • periheral layer resembling ameloblasts
  • nuclei of peripheral cells show reverse polarity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is reverse nuclear polarity?

A

nuclei are polarised to the opposite end of the cell to the basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe the plexiform histology of an ameloblastoma

A
  • tangled network of
    • anastamosing strands
    • irregular massess
  • peripheral layer of ameloblast like columnar cells with central stellate reticulum like cells
  • cyst formation common but due to stromal degeneration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the treatment for an ameloblastoma

A
  • solid/multicycstic ameloblastoma
    • surgery essential
    • high recurrence after curettage
    • complete resection with margin of normal bone
    • radio and chemotherapy is insensitive
    • mxaillar tumours are often more destructive
    • long term follow up required
    • recurrence > 10 years post op
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is an adenomatoid odontogenic tumour?

what is the classification?

A

duct like structures

slow but progressive growth

odontogenic epithelium without odontogenic ectomesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the clinical features of an adenomatoid odontogenic tumour

age

sex

site

A
  • age
    • 2nd/3rd decades of life
  • sex
    • F>M
  • site
    • maxilla 2x more than mandible
    • canine area + anterior part of maxilla mostly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the symptoms and signs of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour?

A
  • symptoms
    • slowly enlarging painless swelling
  • signs
    • often associated with unerupted tooth
    • rare extra-osseous lesions
      • usually anterioe mxillary gingiva
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the radiographic features of an adenomatoid odontogenic tumour?

A
  • well defined radiolucency
  • unilocular, often surrounding whole tooth
  • corticated outline
  • radiolucent, calcification may produce faint radiopaicities
  • may mimic dentigerous cyst
22
Q

what radiographic features are present here?

identify

A

well defined radiolucency

unilocular & surrounding the whole tooth

corticated outline

simialar to dentigerous cyst

adenomatoid odonteogenic tumour

23
Q

describe the histology of an adenomatoid odontogenic tumour

A
  • well encapsulated
  • whorled masses of epithelium
  • columnar cells form duct-like structures with eosinophilic material in central spcaes
24
Q

what is the management for an adenomatoid odontogenic tumour?

A

is benign

readily enucleated

does not recur

25
Q

what is a calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour?

A

benign

odontogenic epithelium without odontogenic mesenchyme

rare

locally invasive epithelial neoplasma

aka pindborg tumour

26
Q

name mixed odontogenic tumours - epithelium and mesenchyme

A
  • ameloblastic fibroma
  • primordial odontogenic tumour
  • odontoma
    • compound type
    • complex type
  • dentinogenic ghost cell tumour
27
Q

what is an ameloblastic fibroma

classification?

A
  • rare benign tumour
  • both epithelial and mesenchymal elements are neoplastic
  • odontogenic epithelium with odontogenic ectomesenchyme
  • does not contain dental hard tissues
28
Q

what are the clinical features of an ameloblastic fibroma?

age

sex

site

A
  • age
    • uncommon over age 21
  • sex
    • equal distribution
  • site
    • premolar - molar of mandible
29
Q

what are the symptoms and signs of ameloblastic fibroma

A

slowly enlarging painless swelling

30
Q

what are the radiographic features of an ameloblastic fibroma?

A

well defined radiolucency

unilocular

well defined corticated outline

uniformly radiolucent with radiopaque septa

31
Q

describe the histology of an ameloblastic fibroma

A
  • strands and islands of odontogenic epithelium
    • in highly cellular fibroblastic stroma
      • resembles dental papilla of developing tooth
  • peripheral layer of columnar or cuboidal ameloblast-like cells
    • enclosing small amounts of stellate reticulum like cells
  • may be narrow cell free zone of hyaline connective tissue around epithelium
32
Q

describe the behaviour of an ameloblastic fibroma

A

benign

non-invasive

very rarely recur

33
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of complex and compound odontomes

A

may be found investigated unerupted tooth

may be large enough to expand bone

secondary infection may produce pain and swelling

34
Q

what are the radiographic features of complex and compound odontomes

A
  • full formed appear as radiopaque mass
  • developing lesions show well defined radiolucency containing radiopaque areas
35
Q

what is a compound odontome?

classification

clinical features

A

painless slow growing structure 1-2cm

mixed odontogenic tumour

in children in anterior maxilla

36
Q

radiographic features?

identify

A

collection of denticles

radiopacities within the radiolucency

compound odontome

37
Q

what is a complex odontome?

classification

clinical features

A

spherical radiopaque mass

impacts teeth or prevents eruption <3cm

mixed odontogenic tumour

<20 years of age posterior mandible

38
Q

radiographic features?

identify

A

displaces crown of partially developed third molar tooth

preventing eruption

spherical radiopacity with radiolucent rim

haphazard dental structures

complex odontome

39
Q

describe the histoplathology of a compound odontome

A
  • seperate denticles embedded in fibrous tissue
  • denticles - have enamel, dentine, cementum, pulp arranged like normal tooth
40
Q

describe the histopathology of a complex odontome

A
  • mass of irregularly arranged but well formed enamel, dentine and cementum
    • ​surrounded by fibrous capisule
  • dentine forms bulk of lesion
  • pulp-like tissue on surfaces not covered by enamel or cementum
41
Q

describe the behaviour of complex and compound odontomes

A

hamartomas with limited growth potential

  • benign tumourlike malformation
  • stops growing when tooth structure is fully formed
42
Q

name mesenchymal odontogenic tumours

A
  • odontogenic fibroma
  • odontogenic myxoma / myxofibroma
  • cementoblastoma
  • cemento-ossifying fibroma
43
Q

what is a cementoblastoma

what are the clinical features

age

sex

site

A

true benign neoplasm

  • age
    • under 25 years
  • sex
    • males
  • site
    • molar or premolar area
    • attached to root of tooth
    • mandibular 1st permanent molar most common
44
Q

symptoms and signs of cementoblastoma

A

slowly enlarging swelling

may be painful

45
Q

radiographic features of cementoblastoma?

A
  • well demarcated
  • mottled or dense radiopaque mass with radiolucent margin
  • attached to root of tooth
    • may show root resorption
46
Q

what radiographic features are present

identify

A

mottled radiopaque mass with radiolucent margin

attached to tooth root

root resorption

cementoblastoma

47
Q

describe the histopathology of a cementoblastoma

A
  • mass of calcified cementum-like tissue with many reversal lines
  • scattered cells in lacunae
  • uncalcified matrix at the periphery formed by plump cementoblasts
  • similar to osteoblastoma of bone
48
Q

describe the behaviour of a cementoblastoma

and treatment

A

benign tumour

does not recur

need to remove associated tooth and lesion

49
Q

where and in whom does odontogenic myxoma most commonly occur?

A

in adults

posterior mandible / ramus

50
Q

radiographic features of odontogenic myxoma?

size:

shape:

outline:

radiodensity:

effects on adjacent structures:

A
  • size:
    • may become large if left untreated
  • shape:
    • multilocular
  • outline:
    • well defined corticated outline
  • radiodensity:
    • uniformly radiolucent with radiopque septa
  • effects on adjacent structures:
    • teeth displaced and resorbed
    • expansion of buccal/lingual bone
51
Q

radiographic features present?

identify

A

multilocular lesion in posterior mandible

well defined, corticated

teeth displaced and resorbed

odontogenic myxoma

52
Q

name malignant odontogenic tumours

A

z oral surgery / oral diseases (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions