Ocular Trauma Flashcards
If someone comes in with ocular trauma, where is important to check
under eyelid (as well as everywhere else)
What can chemical trauma do to the eye
cloud cornea
how do you treat chemical trauma
urgent saline irrigation (several liters)
check pH of both pupils to determine if it was acid or alkaline
antbiotics, vitamin C, steroids, pupil dilators may also be used
what kind of chemical trauma is worse, alkaline or acidic
alkaline
what may blunt force trauma do to the eye
cause preorbital haemorrhage and subconjunctival haemorrhage
may also be hyphaema (blood in anterior chamber)
what is an indicator of serious ocular trauma
hyphaema (blood in anterior chamber)
how may acute glaucoma form from trauma
blood may block drainage angle causing acute glaucoma (severe pain, decreased acuity)
how do you treat trauma-related acute glaucoma
topical steroids and pupil dilators (atropine, tropicamide)
what are some rarer complications of eye trauma
traumatic cataracts
lens subluxation
dislocation
retinal detachment
what is an indicator of EXTREMELY severe eye trauma
extensive retinal haemorrhage and acute retinal necrosis
what does extensive retinal haemorrhage and acute retinal necrosis do
decrease visual acuity and cause permanent damage to the eye
there is also a risk of vitreous haemorrhage
what is a blow out fracture
prolapse of eye through orbital floor into maxillary sinus causing restriction of movement swelling and damage
what is a risk of blow out fractures - apart from the risk to vision
inferior rectus may become trapped and become ischaemic
