Ocular Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Onset of FB trauma

A

Sudden

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2
Q

Sx FB trauma

A

Irritation + photophobia

Maybe decreased vision

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3
Q

Where do FB commonly get stuck?

A

Under eyelid

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4
Q

If you think there is a possible penetrating injury with a FB, what should you do?

A

XRAY/CT/US

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5
Q

What kind of objects are there a higher risk of infection in a FB ocular trauma?

A

Organic

Stones

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6
Q

Mx FB ocular trauma

A

Prompt removal + LA
+ chloramphenicol drops (prevent infection)
Consider cycloplegic

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7
Q

What causes corneal abrasion?

A

Finger nail/scratching objects

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8
Q

Sx corneal abrasion

A

Pain
Watering
Photophobia

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9
Q

What infection risk is there is corneal abrasion?

A

Keratitis

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10
Q

How are the defects stained in corneal abrasino?

A

Fluorescein

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11
Q

Mx corneal abrasion

A
Refer if large 
LA 
Chloramphenicol 7 days 
Analgesia 
Avoid contact lenses 
Re-examine in 24hrs
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12
Q

When should you refer a corneal abrasion?

A

If large abrasion

If hasn’t completely healed after 48hrs or worsening Sx

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13
Q

What sort of a Hx would lead you to suspect a penetrating injury?

A

Works w/ tools/metals

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14
Q

Signs of full thickness penetration (6)

A
Distorted edge
Subconjunctival haemorrhage 
Distorted pupil/iris 
Iris prolapse 
Hyphaema 
Seidel's sign
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15
Q

What is a hyphaema?

A

Blood in the anterior chamber

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16
Q

What is Seidel’s sign

A

Clear streeak of aq in fluorescein stained area

17
Q

Mx Penetrating injury

A

Don’t touch/manipulate

Immediate surgery req

18
Q

What infection is there a risk of w/ penetrating injury

A

Endophthalmitis

19
Q

Are acid or alkali chemical injury more serious? Why?

A

Alkali

Acid coag protein + show slower penetration

20
Q

Signs chemical injury (5)

A
Redness 
Pain 
Blurring 
Photophobia 
Cloudy cornea
21
Q

1st step Mx chemical injury

A

Irrigate eyes IMMEDIATELY
H20/saline
before you examine

22
Q

How to check pH after chem injury

A

Litmus paper

Check both eyes for comparison

23
Q

Complications chemical injury (3)

A

Corneal scarring
Opacification
Lid damage

24
Q

What is Iridodialysis

A

Iris detachment from base –> D shaped pupil

25
What happens during orbital fracture
Blow out fracture common Globe forced backwards, fracture of orbital floor Herniation of orbital contents into maxillary sinus
26
What happens when infra-orbital nn injury occurs
Loss of sensation on lower eyelid + cheek
27
Signs of retrobulbar haemorrhage (5)
Severe pain Progressive visual loss + ophthalmoplegia Proptosis RAPD Posterior edge of haemorrhage not visible
28
Mx retrobulbar surgery
Immediate surgery