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CP2 Ophthlamology > Ocular Trauma > Flashcards

Ocular Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Onset of FB trauma

A

Sudden

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2
Q

Sx FB trauma

A

Irritation + photophobia

Maybe decreased vision

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3
Q

Where do FB commonly get stuck?

A

Under eyelid

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4
Q

If you think there is a possible penetrating injury with a FB, what should you do?

A

XRAY/CT/US

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5
Q

What kind of objects are there a higher risk of infection in a FB ocular trauma?

A

Organic

Stones

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6
Q

Mx FB ocular trauma

A

Prompt removal + LA
+ chloramphenicol drops (prevent infection)
Consider cycloplegic

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7
Q

What causes corneal abrasion?

A

Finger nail/scratching objects

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8
Q

Sx corneal abrasion

A

Pain
Watering
Photophobia

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9
Q

What infection risk is there is corneal abrasion?

A

Keratitis

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10
Q

How are the defects stained in corneal abrasino?

A

Fluorescein

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11
Q

Mx corneal abrasion

A 
Refer if large 
LA 
Chloramphenicol 7 days 
Analgesia 
Avoid contact lenses 
Re-examine in 24hrs
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12
Q

When should you refer a corneal abrasion?

A

If large abrasion

If hasn’t completely healed after 48hrs or worsening Sx

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13
Q

What sort of a Hx would lead you to suspect a penetrating injury?

A

Works w/ tools/metals

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14
Q

Signs of full thickness penetration (6)

A 
Distorted edge
Subconjunctival haemorrhage 
Distorted pupil/iris 
Iris prolapse 
Hyphaema 
Seidel's sign
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15
Q

What is a hyphaema?

A

Blood in the anterior chamber

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16
Q

What is Seidel’s sign

A

Clear streeak of aq in fluorescein stained area

17
Q

Mx Penetrating injury

A

Don’t touch/manipulate

Immediate surgery req

18
Q

What infection is there a risk of w/ penetrating injury

A

Endophthalmitis

19
Q

Are acid or alkali chemical injury more serious? Why?

A

Alkali

Acid coag protein + show slower penetration

20
Q

Signs chemical injury (5)

A 
Redness 
Pain 
Blurring 
Photophobia 
Cloudy cornea
21
Q

1st step Mx chemical injury

A

Irrigate eyes IMMEDIATELY
H20/saline
before you examine

22
Q

How to check pH after chem injury

A

Litmus paper

Check both eyes for comparison

23
Q

Complications chemical injury (3)

A

Corneal scarring
Opacification
Lid damage

24
Q

What is Iridodialysis

A

Iris detachment from base –> D shaped pupil

25
Q

What happens during orbital fracture

A

Blow out fracture common
Globe forced backwards, fracture of orbital floor
Herniation of orbital contents into maxillary sinus

26
Q

What happens when infra-orbital nn injury occurs

A

Loss of sensation on lower eyelid + cheek

27
Q

Signs of retrobulbar haemorrhage (5)

A

Severe pain
Progressive visual loss + ophthalmoplegia
Proptosis
RAPD
Posterior edge of haemorrhage not visible

28
Q

Mx retrobulbar surgery

A

Immediate surgery

CP2 Ophthlamology (11 decks)

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