Ocular Embryology (Done) Flashcards
Which embryological layer does NOT contribute to ocular structure development?
ENDODERM (forms the gut, most glands and inner lining of digestive & respiratory tubes)
What is the Mesoderm used to develop?
Notochord, muscles, and mesenchyme
|»_space;Mesenchymge gives rise to dermis, circulatory system, and Connective tissue.
What is the Ectoderm responsible for in development?
Consists of surface and neural ectoderm
|»_space;Overall used for CNS development as well as epidermis and associated skin, hair, nails, etc.
On Day 22, two neural folds develop in the ectoderm and fuse together forming the _____________.
Neural tube
On day 25, neural ectoderm on each side of the neural tube begins to grow outward, forming ____________.
Optic vesicles.
Each optic vesicle invaginates and forms a two-layered optic cup with a _________.
Optic stalk
Which structure is the last structure to close during formation of the optic cup?
Embryonic Fetal Fissure
The hyaloid plexus within the vitreous cavity eventually disintegrates, but the posterior hyaloid artery persists as the _______________.
Central Retinal Artery
What happens if the fetal fissure does not close properly?
Results in a COLOBOMA
Which location of coloboma is the most common?
Inferior colobomas due to inferior location of the embryonic fissure.
Which 3 structures in the eye does the Inner Layer of the Optic Cup become?
- Neural retina
- NPCE
- Post. pigment layer of the Iris
Which retinal cells are found in the Outer Neuroblastic layer (formed from Inner Layer of Optic cup)?
- Photoreceptors
- Bipolar cells
- Horizontal cells
Which retinal cells are found in the Inner Neuroblastic layer (formed from Inner Layer of Optic cup)?
- Amacrine cells
- Muller cells
- Ganglion cells
Which layer of the retina is the FIRST to develop?
RPE
Which area of the retina is the first to begin cell differentiation, but the LAST to complete development?
MACULA
In what order do the cells of the neural retina develop?
Ganglion»Horizontal»Cones»Amacrine»Bipolar»Rods»Muller cells
At what age is foveal maturation completed?
4 years old
What structures are formed from the OUTER layer of the optic cup?
- RPE
- Pigmented ciliary body epithelium
- Anterior Iris epithelium
While the optic vesicles begin to form, the adjacent surface ectoderm thickens and forms the ___________.
Lens placode
Primary lens fibers from the ______________.
Embryonic nucleus
*Remember, posterior lens epithelium is NOT present in adults.
Which lens fibers are responsible for producing the inverted Y sutures seen in the fetal nucleus?
Secondary lens fibers
What does Induction mean? and given an example from ocular embryology.
Term referring to how the development of one tissue influences the development of another tissue
»ex. optic cup formation stimulates lens development.
What forms the corneal epithelium?
Surface ectoderm
Aside from corneal epithelium, what is responsible for producing the remaining layers of the cornea?
Neural crest cells (specialized type of neural ectoderm)
