Ocean Clines & Tide Currents

Question 1

2 process that can cause supersaturated water

Answer 1

• turbuelnce and mixing by waves causing atmospheric O2 to dissolve
• Photosythsis by alage
  (D.O can be removed through resperiation of marine organisms)

Question 2

Cline to measure oxygen

Answer 2

chemocline
it decreases as it reaches the oxygen mininum layer and then starts increasing again due to less demand and higher pressure.

Question 3

what is a tide

Answer 3

• occurs in all bodies of water however most noticeable in large
• dialy rise and fall of earths water due to gravity from sun and moon

Question 4

example of extreme tidal location

Answer 4

the bay of fundy

Question 5

What causes tides

Answer 5

gravitational force in realtion to earth moon and sun

Question 6

What are tidal buldges

Answer 6

• moon pulls water on the side nearest to it
• also pulls earth creating a bulge on oposite side of the earth (normal than avarge during spring tide)
• earth rotation causes diffrent places to pass through bulges and experince the tides

Question 7

Main influences on Tides

heights (earthly factors)

Answer 7

• Shape of the costline (narrow bays cause high range while wide and open have smaller tidal ranges)
• Wind (onshore or offshore winds)
• air pressure changes (high/low) (low pressure occur durign a tropical cyclone and can cause water to “swell”)

Question 8

what is the tidal cycle

Answer 8

• 4 a day (2 high/low)
  change takes around 6 hours

Question 9

Spring Tides

Answer 9

• occurs 2 times a month (full and new moon)
• The earth sun and moon are lined up (a stright line)
• Higher high tides and lower low tides (strong tides)
• greatest tidal range

Question 10

Neap Tides

Answer 10

• 2x a month (1st and 3rd quarter moon)
• Earth, Sun and Moon are at Ninety angles
• *weak tides *not as high and not as low as normal

Question 11

surface currents and their directions

Answer 11

clockwise in the north
counterclockwise in the south

Question 12

surface currents are driven by

Answer 12

wind
they are steady and dependable

Question 13

which way do storms spin in each hemisphere

Answer 13

North- counterclockwise
South- clockwise

Question 14

deep ocean currents are driven by…

Answer 14

**temperature , salinity and density gradients
**
upwelling which is significant vertical movement of water (so is downwelling)
the mid-ocean ridge defelect deep water currents upward

Question 15

these deep ocean currents are called

Answer 15

the global conveyor belt

Question 16

ocean currents are related to

Answer 16

- coriolis effect
- temp, wind
- wave movment

Question 17

ocean currents affect…

surface

Answer 17

• local weather through heat exchange at the surface
• evaportation and precipation rates
• may influence air temp in local area

Question 18

waves

crest

Answer 18

he highest part of the wave

Question 19

waves

through

Answer 19

he lowest part of the wave

Question 20

waves

height

Answer 20

the distance between the crest and the trough

Question 21

waves

wavelength

Answer 21

Wavelength

Question 22

waves

Period

Answer 22

time it takes for a wave to go by a given point

Question 23

describe how “waves” are made

Answer 23

the movement of the water is circular
when the bottom circle hits land the mementum topples over creating a barrel wave

Question 24

semi-dirunal and diurnal

Answer 24

semi is twice a day and are easy to predict
diurnal is daily

Question 25

what are currents

Answer 25

- continous, directional movement of seawater

Question 26

the order/process of the convery belt

Answer 26

- starts in arctic when water freezes and leaves behind high salinty water which starts to downwell (causing mixing in the water coloum - moves south through atlantic to antarctia - divides the belth one to the indian ocean the other to the pacific - in indian water moves to the equator conutines to rise and loops back - pacific goes through west cost of north america - wraps around Australia and connects with Indian Ocean - warm current flows through the atlantic goes back up to the North pole

Question 27

what can cause or lead to upwelling

Answer 27

- an area of low pressure bringing colder water to the surface

Question 28

benifits of upwelling

Answer 28

nutrient rich water acts as feriliser increasing productivity of producers