Occupational Language Flashcards
What is jargon
Jargon is a langauge unique to a group and wouldn’t make sense to people outside that group
What is Kollataj’s evaluation of jargon
Kollataj’s evaluation of jargon is that language like slang has a stigma in occupation, but not jargon.
What is Spolskys evaluation of jargon
Spolskys evaluation of jargon is that jargon helps people to be indoctrinated within a group
What is Herrgards evaluation of jargon
Herrgards evaluation of jargon is that it works well in time-constrained situations
What is Drew and Heritages evaluation of jargon
Drew and Heritages evaluation of jargon is that knowing jargon makes jobs run more efficiently
What is spolskys negative evaluation of jargon
spolskys negative evaluation of jargon is that it can make you stand out if you don’t know or use jargon
What is the Plain English Campaign’s evaluation of jargon
the Plain English Campaigns evaluation of jargon is that it detracts from plain English so needs to be reduced
What are Koesters types of occupational conversation
Koesters types of occupational conversations are transactional conversation and interactional conversation
What is Koesters interactional conversation
Koesters interactional conversation is about serving a social purpose
What is Koesters transactional conversation
Koesters transactional conversation is about making a transaction or getting somethings done
What is Herbert and Straights theory on occupational conversation
Herbert and Straights theory on occupational conversation is that compliments in work will move down the class hierarchy e.g. a manager is more likely to pay a compliment to an employee more than employee is to a manager
How does Hornyak support Herbert and Straight
Hornyak supports Herbert and Straight by saying conversations are initiated by the person with most power by other-orientated token
What is Heritages theory on occupational language
Heritages theory on occupational language is that turn-taking takes place in transactional conversation and the one with most power will ask most questions
What is Myers-Scottons theory on occupational language
Myers-Scottons theory on occupational language is that we code switch to a beneficiary language often by moving up and down registers and increasing politeness markers like “please”
What is Gavrusevas theory on occupational language
Gavrusevas theory on occupational language is that we have many discourse identities and switch between them when speaking to other people like friends, bosses and customers
What is a register
A register is type of language used in relation to formality
What is restricted Lexis
Restricted lexis is words only certain groups know e.g. certain occupations
What are Phatic Tokens
Phatic tokens are ways of showing status by orientating comments to oneself, to others or to a general situation e.g. talking about the weather
What is Phatic communication
Phatic communication is small talk
What is self orientated token
self orientated token is information relating to yourself
What is other orientated token
other orientated token is utterance expressing interest in somebody else
Thornborrows theory on occupational power
Thornborrows theory on occupation power is that a workplace has asymmetrical power where everyone has different levels of power e.g. headteacher, teacher and student
What is Atkinsons theory on occupational power
Atkinsons theory on occupational power is that thornborrows asymmetrical power is accentuated in some workplaces such as the hyper-formal turn-taking order in parliament
Drew and Heritages theory on occupational power
Drew and Heritage theory on occupational power is an add-on from Thornborrow stating that asymmetrical power differs depending on the environment e.g. a teacher is less likely to accept orders from a headteacher in a pub than they are in a school
French and Ravens 5 types of occupational power
French and Ravens 5 types of occupational power are referent, legitimate, coerce, reward and expert power
What is French and Ravens referent power
French and Ravens referent power is power based on the relationship with the other person e.g. you may do something for a person you like
What is French and Ravens legitimate power
French and Ravens legitimate power is genuine power such as a teachers power over student.
What is French and Ravens coercive power
French and Ravens coercive power is power with the ability to force another person to do something
What is French and Ravens reward power
French and Ravens reward power is power with the ability to reward someone or to not reward someone for doing or not doing something e.g. giving a sweet for getting all questions correct
What is French and Ravens expert power
French and Ravens expert power is power from superior knowledge
What is Brown and Levinson types of face
Brown and levinson says there are two types of face - positive and negative affecting language use
What is brown and Levinsons positive face
brown and Levinsons positive face is language used to show the desire to be accepted and liked by others
What is brown and levinsons negative face
Brown and levinson negative face is language used to show the wish to be independent and have freedom to do what they want
What are brown and Levinsons face threatening acts
brown and Levinsons face threatening acts are acts which may threaten the speakers or interlocutors face
What is Argot
Argot is language used to prevent eavesdroppers from understanding the meaning of a conversation
What is Charles J. Fillmore idea of frame semantics
Charles J. Fillmore idea of frame semantics is that one cannot understand the meaning of a word without access to all the context which relates to that word
What is Goffman’s ‘Frame Theory’
Goffman’s ‘Frame Theory’ is the idea that work-related conversations have an unwritten structure
What is an example of Goffman’s ‘Frame Theory’ in work-related conversation
An example of Goffman’s ‘Frame Theory’ in work-related conversation is when a doctor begins an interaction with a patient by saying “what is wrong”
