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Ortho > Occlusal problems in the mixed dentition > Flashcards

Occlusal problems in the mixed dentition Flashcards

1
Q

define crown/root dilaceration

A

trauma causes displacement of unerupted permanent crown and root continues to form in a direction it was already growing in
bend/angulation in root

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2
Q

what causes dilaceration

A

trauma

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3
Q

which teeth are normally affected by dilaceration

A

upper incisors

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4
Q

What can dilacerated teeth result in

A

failure of eruption

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5
Q

how can dilacerated teeth be managed

A

if severe- extract

if mild- can expose crown surgically and apply traction to align the tooth

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6
Q

define supernumeraries

A

additional teeth

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7
Q

what are the 2 types of supernumeraries

A

exact copies of adjacent teeth
OR
contain tooth material which don’t look like teeth

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8
Q

describe a conical supernumerary

A

contain tooth material which don’t look like teeth
peg shaped
common between central incisors

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9
Q

define a tubercle supernumerary

A

contains tooth material but doesn’t look like teeth

barrel shaped

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10
Q

what problem can a tubercle supernumerary cause

A

problems with permanent teeth so need to be surgically remeoved

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11
Q

which teeth are commonly found to be peg shaped

A

lateral incisors

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12
Q

define peg shaped teeth

A

normal tooth but different shape

aesthetics problem not functional

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13
Q

what problem can peg shaped teeth cause

A

higher risk of canine becoming palatally ectopic
roots of peg shaped teeth are narrower, this can cause problem with canines as the roots have a role in guiding eruption of the canine

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14
Q

define hypodontia

A

congenitally missing teeth 1 or more

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15
Q

which teeth are most commonly congenitally missing

A

upper 2s and lower 5s and upper 5s

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16
Q

what problems can hypodontia cause

A

delayed exfoliation of deciduous teeth

delayed eruption of permanent teeth

17
Q

how can hypodontia be diagnosed

A

radiogrpahs confirm diagnosis

18
Q

define neonatal teeth

A

deciduous teeth that erupt early
can affect feeding
if mobile- extract

19
Q

what is an eruption cyst

A

appears as a blue mucosa overlying an unerupted tooth

resolves as tooth erupts

20
Q

what can cause teeth to be impacted

A

obstruction
not enough space
ectopic teeth
primary tooth didn’t erupt

21
Q

define infra-occluded teeth and what causes this

A

teeth with their occlusal surface below adjacent teeth

due to ankylosis

22
Q

what can cause a retained deciduous tooth

A

no permanent successor

ankylosis

23
Q

how can retained deciduous teeth be managed

A

if missing permanent successsor- leave

if ankylosed- usually extracted

24
Q

define a cross bite

A

malocclusion where a tooth has more buccal/lingual positioning

25
Q

what problems can a cross bite cause

A

tooth wear

displacement - tooth and jaw

26
Q

name a traumatic injury in deciduous teeth that can cause crown/root dilacerarion

A

intrusion

27
Q

reasons for premature loss of deciduous teeth

A

caries-
trauma-
balancing and compensating extractions
serial extractions

28
Q

how can early loss of deciduous teeth cause a problem

A

can get mesial drifting of 6’s- premolar crowding
avulsion- centre line shift
delayed eruption of permanent successors

29
Q

what is a balancing extraction

A

if extracting a tooth, consider extracting the contralateral tooth
e.g ULC URC

30
Q

what are compensating extractions

A

if extracting a tooth, consider extracting same tooth in opposing arch
e.g UR6 and LR6

31
Q

define serial extractions

A

planned sequence of extraction to relieve incisor crowding
was previously done
now await for all teeth to erupt and then extract if need be

32
Q

3 things that can cause premature loss of permanent teeth

A

caries
trauma
forced extractions of 6’s

33
Q

when is the optimum age to extract 6’s and why

A

9-10 as the 7’s can then erupt well which can then erupt in mesially to close the gap

34
Q

name a habit that can cause problems

A 
thumb sucking 
can cause:
proclined upper incisors
retroclined lower incisors
buccal segment cross bites
anterior openbite
35
Q

define midline diastema

A

space between upper central incisors

36
Q

what can cause a midline diastema

A

midline supernumerary

prominent frenum

37
Q

how can a large midline diastema be treated

A

fixed appliance

permanent retention

38
Q

at what age should you palpate for canine

A

8-10 years

Ortho (10 decks)

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