Occlusal problems in the mixed dentition Flashcards
define crown/root dilaceration
trauma causes displacement of unerupted permanent crown and root continues to form in a direction it was already growing in
bend/angulation in root
what causes dilaceration
trauma
which teeth are normally affected by dilaceration
upper incisors
What can dilacerated teeth result in
failure of eruption
how can dilacerated teeth be managed
if severe- extract
if mild- can expose crown surgically and apply traction to align the tooth
define supernumeraries
additional teeth
what are the 2 types of supernumeraries
exact copies of adjacent teeth
OR
contain tooth material which don’t look like teeth
describe a conical supernumerary
contain tooth material which don’t look like teeth
peg shaped
common between central incisors
define a tubercle supernumerary
contains tooth material but doesn’t look like teeth
barrel shaped
what problem can a tubercle supernumerary cause
problems with permanent teeth so need to be surgically remeoved
which teeth are commonly found to be peg shaped
lateral incisors
define peg shaped teeth
normal tooth but different shape
aesthetics problem not functional
what problem can peg shaped teeth cause
higher risk of canine becoming palatally ectopic
roots of peg shaped teeth are narrower, this can cause problem with canines as the roots have a role in guiding eruption of the canine
define hypodontia
congenitally missing teeth 1 or more
which teeth are most commonly congenitally missing
upper 2s and lower 5s and upper 5s
what problems can hypodontia cause
delayed exfoliation of deciduous teeth
delayed eruption of permanent teeth
how can hypodontia be diagnosed
radiogrpahs confirm diagnosis
define neonatal teeth
deciduous teeth that erupt early
can affect feeding
if mobile- extract
what is an eruption cyst
appears as a blue mucosa overlying an unerupted tooth
resolves as tooth erupts
what can cause teeth to be impacted
obstruction
not enough space
ectopic teeth
primary tooth didn’t erupt
define infra-occluded teeth and what causes this
teeth with their occlusal surface below adjacent teeth
due to ankylosis
what can cause a retained deciduous tooth
no permanent successor
ankylosis
how can retained deciduous teeth be managed
if missing permanent successsor- leave
if ankylosed- usually extracted
define a cross bite
malocclusion where a tooth has more buccal/lingual positioning
what problems can a cross bite cause
tooth wear
displacement - tooth and jaw
name a traumatic injury in deciduous teeth that can cause crown/root dilacerarion
intrusion
reasons for premature loss of deciduous teeth
caries-
trauma-
balancing and compensating extractions
serial extractions
how can early loss of deciduous teeth cause a problem
can get mesial drifting of 6’s- premolar crowding
avulsion- centre line shift
delayed eruption of permanent successors
what is a balancing extraction
if extracting a tooth, consider extracting the contralateral tooth
e.g ULC URC
what are compensating extractions
if extracting a tooth, consider extracting same tooth in opposing arch
e.g UR6 and LR6
define serial extractions
planned sequence of extraction to relieve incisor crowding
was previously done
now await for all teeth to erupt and then extract if need be
3 things that can cause premature loss of permanent teeth
caries
trauma
forced extractions of 6’s
when is the optimum age to extract 6’s and why
9-10 as the 7’s can then erupt well which can then erupt in mesially to close the gap
name a habit that can cause problems
thumb sucking can cause: proclined upper incisors retroclined lower incisors buccal segment cross bites anterior openbite
define midline diastema
space between upper central incisors
what can cause a midline diastema
midline supernumerary
prominent frenum
how can a large midline diastema be treated
fixed appliance
permanent retention
at what age should you palpate for canine
8-10 years
