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Parasitology Lab > Obtaining Samples > Flashcards

Obtaining Samples Flashcards

1
Q

Ear Cytology

-Mites

A

Mineral oil, cover slip.

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2
Q

Ear Cytology

-Bacteria

A

Diff quick, sedistain, or gram stain.

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3
Q

Ear Cytology

-Yeast

A

Diff quick, sedistain, or gram stain.

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4
Q

What are the two ways to obtain samples for Skin Cytology?

A
  1. Skin Scraping
    - mineral oil, slide, coverslip, scalpel blade
  2. Skin Biopsy
    - biopsy punch, formaldehyde
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5
Q

What are the 4 methods of obtaining Urine Samples?

A
  1. Free Catch
  2. Manual Expression
  3. Cystocentesis (method of choice)
  4. Catheterization
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6
Q

What are the 4 methods of obtaining a Fecal Sample?

A
  1. Fecal Loop (a lot of potential for causing problems).
  2. Glove
  3. Off Ground
  4. Off Thermometer (may not be enough, but sometimes it is all that you get).
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7
Q

What is a Thoracocentesis?

A

Removal of free fluid from chest cavity, via needle, catheter, extension set, syringe.

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8
Q

What do you do with fluid collected from a Thoracocentesis?

A

Submit for cytology and culture sensitivity.

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9
Q

Who performs the Thoracocentesis?

A

Usually done by a vet, though sometimes by an experienced Vet Tech.

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10
Q

What is an Abdominocentesis?

A

Removal of free fluid from the abdominal cavity via needle, catheter, extension set, syringe.

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11
Q

What is done with fluid from an Abdominocentesis?

A

Submit for cytology.

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12
Q

Who performs an Abdominocentesis?

A

Usually done by the Vet, sometimes an experience Vet Tech.

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13
Q

Why is a Trans Tracheal Wash done?

A

To differentiate benign from potentially critical.

-fungi, bacteria, mycoplasm.

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14
Q

What is done with fluid from a Trans Tracheal Wash?

A

Submit for cytology.

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15
Q

Who performs a Trans Tracheal Wash?

A

Usually done by the Vet, sometimes an experience Vet Tech.

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16
Q

What is an Arthrocentesis?

A

A joint tap (synovial fluid). Removal of fluid from joint via a syringe.

17
Q

What is an Arthrocentesis done?

A
  • To differentiate from osteoarthritis or inflammation.

- Joint disease.

18
Q

What do you do with fluid collected during an Arthrocentesis?

A

Submit for cytology, wbc, rbc, differential, protein, culture/sensitivity.

19
Q

What is a Bone Marrow Biopsy?

A

Removal of bone marrow via biopsy needle, syringe, slides.

20
Q

Why is a Bone Marrow Biopsy done?

A
  • Non-regenerative anemias.
  • Bone marrow is not responding.
  • Decreased pcv, hgb, or rbc.
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Neturopenia
  • Abnormal blood cell morphology.
  • Immature cells in peripheral blood.
  • Fever of unknown origin.
21
Q

What is done with material collected via a Bone Marrow Biopsy?

A

Submit for cytology.

22
Q

Who performs a Bone Marrow Biopsy?

A

ALWAYS a Vet!!!!

23
Q

What should you do before collecting samples?

A

Check to see if the Vet wants a culture / sensitivity sent out. Collect that sample first in the appropriate culturette or container.

24
Q

Should you clean the area before sampling?

A

Not unless you are asked to.

25
Q

What are you looking for in Ear Cytology?

A
  • Mites
  • Bacteria
  • Yeast
26
Q

Do NOT take samples or put any liquids into the ear until?

A

The condition of the ear canal and ear drum have been evaluated with an otoscope.

27
Q

Manual bladder expression is never done if?

A

There is a chance that the animal is obstructed.

28
Q

What are the 4 different tests you can perform on Fecal Samples?

A
  • Direct Smear
  • Fecalyzer
  • Centrifugation
  • Large Animal Quantitative
29
Q

What collection procedures require surgical prep, and anesthesia?

A

May or may not be sedated. Usually done with local anesthesia.

  • Thoracocentesis
  • Abdominocentesis
  • Trans Tracheal Wash
  • Arthrocentesis
  • Bone Marrow Biopsy
30
Q

What is used to collect the sample for a TTW?

A

Needle, syringe, sterile fluid, +/- catheter.

31
Q

What are the two types of needles used in a Bone Marrow Biopsy?

A
  1. Jamshidi Bone Marrow Biopsy Needle
    - plastic with metal needle
    - used for core sample
  2. Rosenthal Bone Marrow Aspirate Needle
    - all metal (16g-18g, 1”-1 1/2”)
    - used for aspirate
32
Q

Where are bone marrow aspirates taken from?

A
  • Humerus
  • Proximal end of femur.
  • Iliac crest.
33
Q

Can you just put the needle through the skin for a Bone Marrow sample?

A

No, an incision should be made in the skin first so that the only sample you get is bone marrow, not skin.

34
Q

What size syringe is used in a Bone Marrow Aspirate?

A

12cc

35
Q

How are slides made for a Bone Marrow Aspirate?

A

Multiple slides are made via compression smear and sent to an outside lab.

36
Q

What can you do to keep the Bone Marrow sample from clotting?

A

Use a bit of EDTA from a purple top tube. Can clot in 60 seconds without it.

37
Q

When is a Bone Marrow Core Biopsy performed instead of an Aspirate?

A

When not enough info is obtained from aspirate.

Parasitology Lab (10 decks)

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