Obstructive Urinary Tract Disease Flashcards
What is the most common urolith?
Calcium oxalate- most significant cause of renal dz and acute uremia
Why is obstructive urinary tract disease more common in cats?
small urethra
Why are rads not the best test used to dx obstruction?
Colon superimposes over the urethra- can’t be sure that the mineralization isn’t in the colon
What is the best dx test for obstructive urinary tract disease in a cat?
Antegrade pyelography-injection of positive contrast media into renal pelvis and ureter
What can be used to tx ureteral obstruction in large dogs?
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
What is the tx for ureteral obstruction in cats?
Pigtail stent
What is the first thing you do with a blocked cat emergency that walks into your clinic?
STABALIZE- flush them with fluids to treat them for the dehydration state they are in- unblocking immediately is not a primary concern. Then you will do bloodwork to determine their prognosis and length of hospital stay
Obstructed cats are typically in a hyperkalemic state- what drugs are used to stabilize a hyperkalemic patient and associated side effects?
Fluids- shock rate is 45 ml/kg (1/4 immediately given)
Calcium gluconate- cardioprotective
IV insulin and dextrose
Bicarbonate
Why are EDTA and red top tubes used in urine collection?
Red top=culture
Purple top=preserve urine
What do we do if our owner cannot afford treatment for a uretheral obstructed cat?
Discuss euth or manage clinical signs with prazosin/phenoxybenzamine and pain medicine along with pheromones to decrease stress
What do you see in a patient who has a ruptured bladder from excessive trauma?
Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia and acidosis
