Obstruction intestinale Flashcards
What is nausea?
Sensation —> feeling like you want to throw up
What is vomiting?
Result of anti-peristaltic contraction
Coordinated motor reflex
What is regurgitation?
Passive —> no reflux, pain, or nausea
What controls n/v? (4)
Bulbe du tronc cérébral
Afférents du nerf vague X: distension, douleur (similar feeling to angina)
Afférents du nerf vestibulaire VIII: mal de mer (inner ear vs. what we see)
Cerveau: hypertension intracranienne, émotions, conditionnement, toxicité Rx (chimio, opium), Emisis gravidarum
What is an antiemetic?
Rx effective against vomiting and nausea can also be
What is an obstruction?
Engorgement pathologique d’un conduit organique
Iléus: synonym but more specific… only used for intestinal obstruction
Depending on where the obstruction is location the pt will have different sx… these will impact the ddx, tx, and investigations
What is an iléus mécanique?
ALSO KNOWN AS: iléus dynamique, obstructif or méconial
What is an iléus paralytique?
ALSO KNOWN AS: iléus non-mécanique, post-opératoire, atonie intestinale
What are the different etiologies for “iléus mécaniques du grêle”?
Main causes of intrinsic iléus:
Polypes and cancer: can either block the lumière or lead invagination intestinale
Crohns: transmural inflammation that dim. the size of the lumière —> can then be blocked easier by food etc.
Main causes of extrinsic iléus:
Adhérences: most common
- post-op scars that can either block or compress GI tract
Abcès:
- créer obstruction par compression locale/inflammation de la paroi du grêle —> diminution du transit can make obstruction worse and contribute to obstruction par paralysie
Carcinome péritonéale:
- envahissement tumoral qui diminue la lumière intestinale
What is a hernia?
excroissance en dehors de son lieu anatomique (internal organ or other body part protrudes through the wall of muscle or tissue that normally contains it)
What is an external hernia?
Externe: inguinale, fémorale. obilicale, incisionelle which is identifiable at the e/p visually or by palpating
What is an internal hernia?
Interne: protrusions of the viscera through the peritoneum or mesentery but remaining within the abdominal cavity —> not visible, or palpable
Main causes of endoluminal ilia:
Corps étranger
Iléus biliaire: complication rare de la lithiase biliaire
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