Obstetrics mnemonics-Table 1 Flashcards
Post-partum examination simplified checklist
BUBBLES: Breast Uterus Bowel Bladder Lochia Episotomy Surgical site (for Cesarean section)
Abdominal pain: causes during pregnancy
LARA CROFT:
Labour Abruption of placenta Rupture (eg. ectopic/ uterus) Abortion Cholestasis Rectus sheath haematoma Ovarian tumour Fibroids Torsion of uterus
what is the most common anemia in pregnant women with associated indices changes?
Iron
how do you treat iron def anemia inpregnancy
ferrous sulfate tablet
Preeclampsia: classic triad
PREeclampsia:
Proteinuria
Rising blood pressure
Edema
What is the most common anemia in pregnant women without major indices changes?
Physiologic or compensated anemia aka. dilutional
Prenatal care questions
ABCDE:
Amniotic fluid leakage? Bleeding vaginally? Contractions? Dysuria? Edema? Fetal movement?
Asherman syndrome features
ASHERMAN:
Acquired Anomaly Secondary to Surgery Hysterosalpingography confirms diagnosis Endometrial damage/ Eugonadotropic Repeated uterine trauma Missed Menses Adhesions Normal estrogen and progesterone
investigations ,PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS,timings
Uk-CAT U............USG...............6-40WKS. C...........CVS................9-12 A..........AMNIOCENTESIS..15-18 T............TRIPLE TEST.......16-18
CVS and amniocentesis: when performed
“Chorionic” has 9 letters and Chorionic villus sampling performed at 9 weeks gestation.
“AlphaFetoProtein” has 16 letters and it’s measured at 16 weeks gestation.
Spontaneous abortion: definition
“Spontaneous abortion” has less than 20 letters [it’s exactly 19 letters].
Spontaneous abortion is defined as delivery or loss of products of conception at less than 20 weeks gestation.
recommended folate during pregnancy
.8mg daily or 1mg if past neural tube defect
what are the types of NTD?
Spina bifida, encephalocele, anencephaly
Fetus: cardinal movements of fetus
Don’t Forget I Enjoy Really Expensive Equipment”:
Descent Flexion Interal rotation Extension Restitution External rotation Expulsion
Parity abbreviations (ie: G 3, P 2012)
“To Peace And Love”:
T: of Term pregnancies
P: of Premature births
A: of Abortions (spontaneous or elective)
L: of Live births
· Describes the outcomes of the total number of pregnancies (Gravida).
Alpha-fetoprotein: causes for increased maternal serum AFP during pregnancy
“Increased Maternal Serum Alpha Feto Protein”:
Intestinal obstruction Multiple gestation/ Miscalculation of gestational age/ Myeloschisis Spina bifida cystica Anencephaly/ Abdominal wall defect Fetal death Placental abruption
IUGR: causes
IUGR: Inherited: chromosomal and genetic disorders Uterus: placental insufficency General: maternal malnutrition, smoking Rubella and other congenital infecton
FORCEPS/VACUUM DELIVERY
A - Anaesthesia/Assistance( anaesthetist, colleague,paediatrician) Think and prepare for shoulder dystocia
B- Bladder empty
C- Cervix fully dilated
D- determine position
E- Explain to the patient/ exit plan if it fails, ready for cesarean section
F - Fontanelle ( to check position )
G - Gentle traction
H- Handle elevated for forceps
Halt for vacuum ( no descent with 3 pulls, 3 times pop off )
I - Incision/Episiotomy
J- remove forceps when jaw visible
Indications of cesearian section
MICE CAME
M- Malpresentation
I- Induction failure
C- Cephalopelvic disproportion,contracted pelvis
E - Eclampsia
C- Cervical cancer
A- antepartum hemorrhge(Abruptio, placenta previa)
M- medical illness complicating pregnancy
E- Elderly primi
DYSTOCIA
CAUSES:Remeber 4 Ps. Passenger (large baby) Passage (Abnormal Pelvis) Propulsion (uterine contraction) Proprotion (disproportion Cephalo-pelvic)
Miscarriage: recurrent miscarriage causes
RIBCAGE: Radiation Immune reaction Bugs (infection) Cervical incompetence Anatomical anomaly (uterine septum etc.) Genetic (aneuploidy, balanced translocation etc.) Endocrine
Cardiotocogram (CTG) interpretation Dr. C. BraVADO
Define Risk Contractions (in 10 mins) Baseline Rate (should be 110-160) Variability (should be greater than 5) Accelerations Decelerations Overall (normal or not)
