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BCACP > Obstetrics & Gynecology > Flashcards

Obstetrics & Gynecology Flashcards

1
Q

What is a contraindication to an estrogen-containing patch?

A

-BMI > 30

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2
Q

How many hours can someone be late taking a progestin-only pill?

A

Within 3 hours of usual time (or 48 hours of backup contraception needed)

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3
Q

Which oral contraceptive is associated with reversible bone loss after 2 years+ of use?

A

Medroxyprogesterone

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4
Q

What are disadvantages of estrogen/progesterone products?

A

-Increased BP
-Increased risk of stroke + MI
-Increased risk of thromboembolic events

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5
Q

What are contraindications to estrogen-containing products?

A

-> 35 years old and smoking
-History of thromboembolism

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6
Q

What are disadvantages of progestin-only products?

A

-Irregular menses and increased risk of breakthrough bleeding
-Increased need for adherence

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7
Q

What are symptoms of estrogen deficiency?

A

-Vasomotor symptoms
-Breakthrough bleeding/spotting
-Decrease libido
-Dyspareunia

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8
Q

What are symptoms of progestin deficiency?

A

-Weight loss
-Heavy menstrual bleeding
-Dysmenorrhea

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9
Q

When may levonorgestrel be ineffective?

A

BMI > 25

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10
Q

When may ulipristal be ineffective?

A

BMI > 35

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11
Q

Why is transdermal estradiol w/ cyclin progestin used in amenorrhea?

A

to prevent bone loss

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12
Q

What medication is used to treat hyperprolactinemia?

A

Cabergoline

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13
Q

How much folic acid is recommended during pregnancy?

A

0.4 mg daily

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14
Q

How much iron is recommended during pregnancy?

A

27 mg daily (during 2nd and 3rd trimesters)

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15
Q

What is recommended first-line for N/V during pregnancy?

A

Vitamin B6 +/- doxylamine

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16
Q

What is recommended second-line for N/V during pregnancy?

A

-Diphenhydramine
-Prochlorperazine
-Promethazine

17
Q

What is recommended third-line for N/V during pregnancy?

A

-Metoclopramide
-Ondansetron
-Trimethobenzamide

18
Q

What medication used for GERD should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

Sodium bicarbonate

19
Q

What medications used for constipation should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

-Castor oil
-Mineral oil

20
Q

What medication used for diarrhea should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

Diphenoxylate + atropine

21
Q

What medications used for pain should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

NSAIDs + aspirin (for longer than 48 hrs after 20 weeks gestation)

22
Q

What is goal BP for gestational HTN?

A

120-160/80-110 mmHg

23
Q

What is goal BP for chronic HTN in pregnancy?

A

< 140/90 mmHg

24
Q

What is recommended first-line for HTN in pregnancy?

A

-Nifedipine
-Labetalolol

25
Q

What is recommended second-line for HTN in pregnancy?

A

-Methyldopa

26
Q

What is recommended first-line for DM in pregnancy?

A

Insulin
-Long-Acting: glargine or detemir, NPH
-Short-Acting: aspart or lispro

27
Q

Which seizure medications should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

-Phenobarbital
-Phenytoin
-Valproic acid

28
Q

Which anticoagulant(s) is preferred in pregnancy?

A

-Heparin (> 36 weeks or near delivery)
-Enoxaparin (< 36 weeks)

29
Q

What must be given to postmenopausal women with an intact uterus?

A

Progestins

30
Q

What are absolute contraindications to HT/ET in symptomatic postmenopausal women?

A

-VTE
-Known or suspected pregnancy
-Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
-Breast cancer
-Active liver disease
-MI, stroke, or TIA

31
Q

What are concerns with oral estrogen?

A

-GI intolerance
-Increase in triglycerides
-Liver disease
-Gallbladder disease

32
Q

What forms of contraception should be avoided in patients with structural abnormalities of the uterus?

A

-IUDs
-Contraceptive sponge

33
Q

What forms of contraception should be avoided in patients with history of cerebrovascular accident?

A

-Estrogen-containing
-Progestin-only

34
Q

What is the first-line treatment for dysmenorrhea?

A

NSAIDs

35
Q

What is the second-line treatment for dysmenorrhea?

A

Estrogen-progestin contraceptives (extended-interval dosing can decrease frequency of menses)

36
Q

What type of contraception is contraindicated if SBP > 160 mmHg and/or DBP > 100 mmHg

A

Estrogen-containing

37
Q

What is the optimal
dosing window for levonorgestrel?

A

72 hours

38
Q

What is the optimal dosing window for ulipristal

A

120 hours

39
Q

What are contraindications to getting an IUD inserted?

A

Active purulent cervicitis, chlamydia, or gonococcal infection

BCACP (20 decks)

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