obstetric emergencies/delivery

Question 1

why is pregnancy unique

Answer 1

deals with at least 2 patients’ concerns at one time

Question 2

where does pregnancy begin

Answer 2

conception (egg & sperm together)

Question 3

what happens after conception

Answer 3

gestation (fertilize)

Question 4

when does placental formation develop

Answer 4

~2 weeks

Question 5

how long is fetus development

Answer 5

~38 weeks

Question 6

how long is a normal pregnancy

Answer 6

3 trimesters/ 39-42 weeks

Question 7

when is a fetus considered viable

Answer 7

24 weeks

Question 8

what type of PHx help determine problems with patient

Answer 8

pregnancies (gravida) and previous births (para)

Question 9

what is the most common cause of bleeding in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy

Answer 9

spontaneous abortion

Question 10

what happens during spontaneous abortion

Answer 10

body rejects developing fetus and miscarries prior to 20 week gestation period

Question 11

S/S of spontaneous abortion

Answer 11

• abdominal cramping & backaches
• vaginal bleeding w/ passage of clots and tissue
• fetus passage
• possible s/s of sepsis if incomplete abortion
• s/s of shock

Question 12

what happens during an ectopic pregnancy

Answer 12

embryo implants outside of uterus (fallopian tube) and prevents fetal development past ~8 weeks

Question 13

risk factors of ectopic pregnancies

Answer 13

• PID
• endometriosis
• tubal surgery
• IUD birth control

Question 14

s/s of ectopic pregnancy

Answer 14

• severe abd pain in lower abd
• short brown menstrual flow
• intra-abd bleeding
• rigid & distented abd
• syncope
• vaginal bleeding
• s/s of shock

Question 15

what is abruptio placenta

Answer 15

premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus and most commonly occurs in the 3rd trimester

Question 16

what are the common causes of abruptio placenta

Answer 16

• maternal hypertension
• trauma
• drug abuse

Question 17

s/s of abruptio placenta

Answer 17

• !!painful vaginal bleeding during 3rd trimester!!
• s/s of shock
• positive orthostatic test
• ridged tender uterus
• Grey Turner Sign
• Cullen Sign
• no longer feels fetus movements
• loss of FHT

Question 18

what happens during placenta previa

Answer 18

placenta is implanted low in the uterus obstructing the cervical canal

Question 19

what is the leading cause of bleeding in the 3rd trimester

Answer 19

placenta previa

Question 20

what kind of patients are at risk of placenta previa

Answer 20

women over 30 and women expecting multiples

Question 21

s/s of placenta previa

Answer 21

• !!painless vaginal bleeding during 3rd trimester!!
• fetal movement continues
• FHT remains
• uterus is soft and un-rigid