disorders of pregnancy states

Question 1

what is hyperemesis gravidum

Answer 1

condition of persistent N/V during pregnancy so severe it leads to dehydration and malnutrition

Question 2

what is the cause of hyperemesis gravidum

Answer 2

hormone change

Question 3

what are the S/S of hyperemesis gravidum

Answer 3

• N/V 4+ times daily
• projectile vomiting consisting of bile and possible blood
• failed orthostatic tilt test
• pallor

Question 4

what is gestational hypertension

Answer 4

pre-eclampsia: hypertension that occurs post 20 weeks or pregnancy and resolves PP

eclampsia: occurs when gestational hypertension provokes a grand mal seizure

Question 5

who is at a higher risk of gestational hypertension

Answer 5

teenagers

Question 6

what is gestational diabetes

Answer 6

diabetes that develops during pregnancy, and will resolve PP.

Question 7

why does gestational diabetes occur

Answer 7

estrogen blunting the action of insulin and progesterone decreasing the utilization of insulin

Question 8

S/S of gestational diabetes

Answer 8

• failed fasting glucose test
• asymptomatic
• S/S of diabetes

Question 9

S/S of gestational hypertension

Answer 9

• !! periphereal edema, gradual onset of hypertension, and proteins in urine!!
• N/V
• severe headache
• rapid weight gain
• visual disturbances
• agitation

Question 10

what is cholestasis

Answer 10

liver disease that alters the flow or bile releasing acid into the bloodstream causing profuse and painful itching during pregnancy

Question 11

S/S of cholestasis

Answer 11

• profused/painful itching
• fatigue
• depression
• N/V
• URQ pain
• dark/grayish urine
• yellow bowels

Question 12

what is supine-hypotensive syndrome

Answer 12

occurs during 3rd trimester of pregnany when the gravid uterus compressed on the inferior vena cava when a mother lies supine diminishing or occluding blood-flow to the heart

Question 13

S/S of supine-hypotensive syndrome

Answer 13

• N/V
• claustrophobia
• tachycardia
• hypotension
• dyspnea
• syncope episodes

Question 14

what is oligohydramnios

Answer 14

condition that occurs when the amniotic fluid in the uterus is too low. the amniotic fluid is measured in an ultrasound by calculating the amniotic fluid index to determine diagnosis. the amniotic fluid which is part of the fetus’ life support system; protects and aids in the fetal development. too low amniotic fluid causes a high risk of miscarriage or premature labor.

Question 15

S/S of oligohydramnios

Answer 15

• persistent wet sensation/sudden rush of fluid from vaginal canal bc of amniotic sac rupture
• decrease fetal activity
• possible decrease of fetal heart rate

Question 16

what is braxton-hicks contractions

Answer 16

false labor, can onset as early as 13 weeks, occurs when the uterus contracts intermittently without causing cervical changes.

Question 17

why do women have braxton-hicks contractions

Answer 17

trains the body for birthing and helps enhance placental circulation