observations Flashcards
controlled/struvtured
reseracher manipulates settings in some way
lab setting
observer inyervenes to cause an event
set up a situation to recodd the behaviour
allows to record behaviour taht may be diffcultto observe in a natural envirmoney
naturalistic/unstructured
no manipulation from experimenter,
observing ps in natural envirmonent
used when conducting lab rserach
collect boty types of data
unrealistic
eg asking students to do an exam in the xam hall
evaluation
strength: naturalostic
avoids priblems with deception and consent as takes place in public place whwre ppl are expevted to be seen
high ecological validuty as doen is a natural setting with no maniupulatiom and often observed doing relatic tasks so also high in mundae realism
weakness:
lack of controls results in inabilty to replicate due to setting harder tp test for reliablity as unable to produce and impmemt a standadsed procedure
cannot prodiuce cause ane eff t due to lack of control over setting , confounding vraiavles may be presnt so reduced clear cause and effcet as experimnter cant manipuate to reduce extraneous variables
controled/structured
strengty: avoids problems woth consent and decpetion as ps more aware that they are being obvseved and often will agree to be obseeved increasing the tehics
clearn cause and effect because iv and dv are manipulated to produce a specif encimroney for behaviour to be observes in , allows for exrarneoud variables to be controlled which incerease relaiablity
weakness:
low ecological validty often due to artifical condtions reduces ability to genrelaise reulst to rela life. will more likely be in a set uo lab
demand cgarascteristc also at hugher risk as ps are mre aware tgey are beng obseeved and change behaviour in fear of being judghed and be more baised toward to the aim which lowers the vaidty of data
event smapling
specif behaviours are rceorded every time they occur
time saplimg
behaviour is recorded at specif intervals
