Observational Learning

Question 1

Observational Learning is

Answer 1

where a person learns by watching the behaviour demonstrated by another.

Question 2

Modelling is

Answer 2

when the observer demonstrates the learnt behaviour by imitating it.

Question 3

The Process of Observational Learning:

Answer 3

1. Attention
2. Retention
3. Reproduction
4. Motivation
5. Reinforcement

Question 4

1. Attention, must be

Answer 4

paid to the model’s behaviour and its consequences. This is a cognitive aspect of observational learning.

Question 5

2. Retention, learner stores

Answer 5

the mental representation of the behaviour.

Question 6

3. Reproduction, learner has

Answer 6

the mental and physical ability to perform the behaviour.

Question 7

4. Motivation, environmental stimuli

Answer 7

make the learner wish to perform the behaviour.

Question 8

5. Reinforcement, positive outcome

Answer 8

means the learner will repeat the behaviour when again motivated to do so.

Question 9

1st principle of observational learning. Learning occurs…

Answer 9

by observing the behaviour of others and its consequences.

Question 10

2nd principle of observational learning. Learning can occur without…

Answer 10

there being an immediate change in behaviour - it can remain latent.

Question 11

3rd principle of observational learning. Cognition plays a role in…

Answer 11

observational learning because the learner has awareness and expectations of future reinforcements or punishments, and these can influence whether the learnt behaviour will be demonstrated.

Question 12

4th principle of observational learning. Observational learning is a…

Answer 12

link between behaviourist theory of learning and cognitive learning theories.