objective 7 Flashcards
apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread from real or percieved threat
anxiety
reaction to specific danger
fear
necessary for survival
normal anxiety
what are the levels of anxiety
mild
moderate
severe
panic
what are the defense mechanisms against anxiety?
Automatic coping styles
Protect people from anxiety
Maintain self-image by blocking
◼ Feelings
◼ Conflicts
◼ Memories
Can be healthy or unhealthy
what are specific anxiety disorders?
Panic disorders
Phobias
Generalized anxiety disorder
Anxiety due to medical conditions
Somatic symptom and related disorders
Trauma and stress related disorders
Dissociative disorders
And more….
panic attacks
panic disorder
Excessive anxiety or fear about being in places or situations from which escape
might be difficult or embarrassing
agoraphobia
Severe anxiety or fear provoked by exposure to a social or a performance
situation that will be evaluated negatively by others
social anxiety disorder
Excessive worry that lasts for months
generalized anxiety disorder
Developmentally inappropriate levels of concern over being away from a
significant other
separation anxiety disorder
what is the diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disorder?
Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at
least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance).
2. The individual finds it difficult to control the worry.
3. The anxiety and worry are associated with three (or more) of the following six symptoms
(with at least some symptoms having been present for more days than not for the past 6
months)
4. The anxiety, worry, or physical symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in
social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
5. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of
abuse, a medication) or another medical condition (e.g., hyperthyroidism).
6. The disturbance is not better explained by another mental disorder (e.g., anxiety or worry
about having panic attacks in panic disorder, negative evaluation in social anxiety disorder
[social phobia], contamination or other obsessions in obsessive compulsive disorder, separation
from attachment figures in separation anxiety disorder, reminders of traumatic events in
posttraumatic stress disorder, gaining weight in anorexia nervosa, physical complaints in
somatic symptom disorder, perceived appearance flaws in body dysmorphic disorder, having a
serious illness in illness anxiety disorder, or the content of delusional beliefs in schizophrenia or
delusional disorder)
expression of psychological stress through physical symptoms
somatization
what are the different types of somatization?
Somatic symptom disorder (SSD)
2. Illness anxiety disorder (previously hypochondriasis)
3. Conversion disorder (also called functional neurological symptom disorder)
4. Psychological factors affecting medical condition
5. Factitious disorder
thoughts, impulses, or images that persist an recur, so that they cannot be dismissed from the mind
obsessions
Ritualistic behaviours an individual feels driven to perform in an
attempt to reduce anxiety
Repetitive, intrusive, & unwanted urges
compulsions
what are the different types of OCD?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder
Hoarding disorder
Hair pulling and skin picking disorders
Other compulsive disorders
A group of disorders precipitated by significant adverse experiences
or traumas and resulting in the unconscious altering of mind–body
connections
dissociative disorders
an unconscious defense mechanism that protects the
individual against overwhelming anxiety and stress through an
emotional separation - however, this separation results in disturbances
in memory, consciousness, self-identity, and perception
dissociation
what are the different types of dissociative disorders?
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
Dissociative Amnesia
Dissociative Identity Disorder
genetic
neurobiological
biological factors
psychodynamic theories
behavioural theories
cognitive theory
learning theory
psychological factors
General assessment of symptoms
Self-assessment
Assessment guidelines: anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders
assessment
Mild to moderate levels of anxiety
Severe to panic levels of anxiety
Primary nursing intervention is safety (NVCI)
Counselling
Teamwork and safety
Promotion of self-care activities
implementation
Cognitive therapy
Behavioural therapy
Relaxation training
Modelling
Systematic desensitization
Flooding
Response prevention
Thought stopping
Cognitive-behavioural therapy
advanced practice interventions
Has patient safety been maintained?
Is the patient experiencing a reduced level of anxiety or distress?
Does the patient recognize symptoms as anxiety related?
Does the patient continue to display obsessions, compulsions, phobias, worrying, or
other symptoms of anxiety disorders? If still present, are they more or less
frequent? More or less intense?
Is the patient able to use newly learned behaviours to manage their symptoms?
Can the patient adequately perform self-care activities?
Can the patient maintain satisfying interpersonal relations?
Can the patient assume usual roles?
evaluation
