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objective 4 Flashcards

1
Q

associated with thwarted or unfulfilled
needs, feelings of hopelessness and helplessness,
ambivalent conflicts between survival and
unbearable stress, a narrowing of perceived
options, and a need to escape

A

suicide

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2
Q

suicide may be?

A

The culmination of self-destructive urges that have
resulted from the client’s internalizing his or her anger
* A desperate act by which to escape a perceived
intolerable psychological state or life situation
* The client may be asking for help by attempting
suicide, seeking attention, or attempting to
manipulate someone with suicidal behavior

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3
Q

Various theories have been proposed to explain possible factors that
influence suicidal behavior

A

etiology

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4
Q

what are the genetic and biologic theories?

A

Genetic Markers
2. Endocrine Basis
3. Relationship of Neurochemical Binding Sites
4. Protein Kinase C Abnormality
5. Familial Suicidal Behavior
6. Twin and Adoption Studies

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5
Q

what are psychological theories?

A

Theory of Self
2. Theory of Parasuicidal Behavior
3. Other Psychological Factors

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6
Q

DNA analysis
* Serotonin receptors did not normalize after depression was
treated
* Findings suggest biologic predisposition to suicide thoughts
(receptor gene associated with major depression)

A

genetic markers

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7
Q

Hyperarousal of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis - affects
the ability for the brain to modulate stress states
* Disturbances in the regulation of anxiety and aggression due to
increased levels of cortisol placed the participants at an
increased risk for suicide

A

endocrine basis

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8
Q

Relationship between:
* Serotonin and Postsynaptic frontal cortices binding sites
* Increase binding sites decreases the availability of serotonin for
regulation of aggression

A

relationship of neurochemical binding sites

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9
Q

Enzyme present in body
* Postmortem studies of brains of teenagers who have committed
suicide show decrease in levels of Protein Kinase C

A

protein kinase C abnormality

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10
Q

Suicide is familial – studies show, however risk factors are unclear
from parent to child

A

familial suicide behaviour

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11
Q

Suicide among identical twins higher (11.3%) than suicide in
fraternal twins (1.8%)
* Adoptees that attempt suicide have more biological relatives
who had committed suicide than members of a control group

A

twin and adoption studies

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12
Q

identified society as an influencing factor in suicide rates

A

sociologic theory

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13
Q

what are the 4 categories based on the degree of an individuals socialization?

A

Egoistic Suicide
* Altruistic Suicide
* Anomic Suicide (alienated from society)
* Fatalistic Suicide

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14
Q

Internal view of personal existence is called “the self”
* Basic motivation for behaviour
* Healthy individuals have assimilation/incorporate new ideas and
expulsion/throw out old ideas

A

theory of seld

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15
Q

Individuals who engage in self-inflicted injury or mutilation but
usually do not wish to die
* Known as self inflicted behaviour (SIB)

A

theory of parasuicidal behaviour

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16
Q

Believed suicide was a result of anger turned inward

A

psychological theories

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17
Q

A reunion wish or fantasy
* A way to end one’s feelings of hopelessness and helplessness
* A cry for help
* An attempt to “save face” or seek a release to a better life

A

other psychological factors

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18
Q

what are the risk factors of suicide?

A

Psychiatric disorders
 Alcohol or substance use
 Suicidal ideation with intent; a plan; hx of previous attempts
 Family hx of suicide
 Hx of maltreatment
 Recent stressful life event
 Hopelessness/helplessness
 Lack of social support

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19
Q

Low serotonin levels are related to depressed mood
 Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid is a
promising biological predictor of suicidal behavior

A

biological factors

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20
Q

aggression turned inward

A

Freud

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21
Q

wish to kill (wish to be killed or wish to die)

A

Menninger

22
Q

central emotional factor is hopelessness

A

Aaron Beck

23
Q

combination of suicidal fantasies and significant loss

A

recent theories

24
Q

what are psychosocial factors?

A

Freud
Menninger
Aaron Beck
Recent theories

25
Q

Cultural safety
 “Pain is pain . . . in any cultural group” (Leong & Leach, 2008)
 Cultural contexts and conditions

A

cultural factors

26
Q

what are the factors influencing suicide rates?

A

religious beliefs
family values
attitude toward deaht

27
Q

what are the verbal suicidal cues?

A

talking about death
 making comments that significant others would be
better off without them
 asking questions about lethal dosages of drugs

28
Q

what are the behavioural suicidal cues?

A

writing forlorn love notes
 directing angry messages at others
 giving away personal items
 taking out a large life insurance policy

29
Q

what are the situational suicidal cues?

A

escribe events or situations that present themselves
either around or within the person
 unexpected death of a loved one, divorce, job loss

30
Q

what is the nursing process?

A

assessment
nursing diagnoses
outcome identification
planning interventions
implementation
evaluation

31
Q

Suicide is considered more preventable than any other
cause of death.
The “suicide lexicon” is commonly used to describe the
range of suicide thoughts and behavior during assessment
Assessment of suicide risk is an ongoing process
 Regard all behaviors and comments about suicide seriously
 Review medical records
 Demonstrate accepting attitude

A

assessment

32
Q

what are the 10 major risk factors to assess suicidal potential>

A

Sex (male)
6. Rational thinking loss
2. Age 25 to 44
7. Social supports lacking
or 65+ years or recent loss
3. Depression
8. Organized plan
4. Previous attempt
9. No spouse
5. Ethanol use
10. Sickness

33
Q

what is the application of the nursing process?

A

nursing diagnosis
outcomes identification
implementation

34
Q

what are the levels of intervention?

A

primary
secondary
tertiary

35
Q

activities that provide support, information, and
education to prevent suicide

A

primary

36
Q

treatment of the actual suicidal crisis

A

secondary

37
Q

interventions with a circle of survivors left by individuals
who completed suicide to reduce the traumatic
aftereffects

A

tertiary

38
Q

what are the planning interventions?

A

Establish a safe environment
 Assist the client in meeting basic needs
 Administer and monitor prescribed medications
 Assist with interactive therapies
 Provide client and family education
 Provide continuum of care

39
Q

what are the advanced-practice interventions?

A

Psychotherapy
Psychobiological interventions
Clinical supervision
Consultation

40
Q

of the client’s progress is an ongoing
process – mood may fluctuate quickly and
unpredictably.
Reassessment of information obtained from the
client, family, or significant others regarding
Client’s mood, affect, and behavior
Plan of care
Continuum of care

A

evaluation

41
Q

Characterized by self-harming behaviour with no intent to
die
 Also commonly known as self-injurious behaviour, self-
mutilation, parasuicide, deliberate self-harm, self-abuse,
and self-inflicted violence
 Behaviour most commonly consists of cutting, burning,
scraping or scratching skin, biting, hitting, skin or hair
picking, and interfering with wound healing

A

non-suicidal self injury

42
Q

Children, youth and young adults can text ‘TALK’ to 686868
to a trained volunteer Crisis Responder who will help with any issues – big or
small. The service is free, confidential, and available 24/7

A

crisis text line

43
Q

if you feel like you are unable to cope, are
thinking about suicide or if you are unsure where to turn for help. The
Mental Health Crisis Line is a free, confidential service for individuals, family
and friends. The crisis line is province-wide, 24 hours a day. Phone (709)
737-4668 / 1-888-737-4668

A

mental health crisis line

44
Q

offers free telephone and texting support to children and
youth, 24/7 in French and English. Youth can be anonymous and will
receive professional counselling, information and referrals. Call 1-800-668-
6868, visit KidsHelpPhone.ca for online resources or download the Always
There App

A

kids help phone

45
Q

a peer support service run by and for 2SLGBTQIA+
people in Newfoundland and Labrador. If you need someone to talk to,
call us and we will do our best to support you and provide you resources

A

2SLGBTQIA+ warm line

46
Q

an information and referral service that connects Newfoundlanders
and Labradoreans to critical human, social, community, and government
supports. The service is available in 170 different languages, 24/7, 365 days
a year and is 100% free and confidential service to all users

A

211

47
Q

HealthLine is a free, confidential, 24 hour telephone line, staffed by
experienced registered nurses in our province who can offer health
advice, information and connect you to resources and local services.

A

811

48
Q

a new way to connect with guidance and supports
for mental health and addictions in Newfoundland and Labrador. Easily
accessible, from a computer, tablet or a phone, one can instantly access
content that can provide advice, inspiration, assurance, or direction for
finding additional supports. Offers self-help resources, links to local
services, and allows the user to share their own personal stories

A

bridgethegapp.ca

49
Q

comprised of mental
health and addictions clinicians and police officers who are trained to
respond together to mental health and addictions-related calls for
service. The purpose of these teams is to deliver crisis intervention services
directly to people in the community, thereby helping divert individuals
from emergency departments and the criminal justice system

A

mobile crisis response team

50
Q

a mental health and addictions walk-in service. Counsellors
offer single-session therapy services. Some examples of what could be
discussed with a counsellor are: depression, anxiety, bullying, coping,
grief/loss, addictions, relationship issues and/or stress. Doorways is not an
emergency service

A

doorways

Mental Health (13 decks)

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