objective 11 Flashcards
psychoactive agents used to for biological, psychological, or social reasons
substance use
physical need of psychoactive agent to function or to avoid physical pain of withdrawal
dependence
THE PERSISTENT, COMPULSIVE DEPENDENCE ON OR USE OF A
SUBSTANCE OR BEHAVIOR DESPITE ITS NEGATIVE
CONSEQUENCES AND THE INCREASING FREQUENCY OF THESE
CONSEQUENCES
addiction
A PHYSIOLOGICAL EXPERIENCE THAT OCCURS WHEN A
PERSON’S REACTION TO A SUBSTANCE DECREASES WITH
REPEATED ADMINISTRATIONS OF THE SAME DOSE
tolerance
INTENSIFICATION OR PROLONGATION OF THE EFFECT OF TWO OR
MORE DRUGS OCCURRING WHEN THEY ARE TAKEN TOGETHER
(E.G. ALCOHOL & BENZODIAZEPINE)
synergistic effects
- WEAKENING OR INHIBITING THE EFFECT OF ONE DRUG BY USING
ANOTHER - E.G., USING COCAINE AND HEROIN TOGETHER
- USING NALOXONE (NARCAN), A NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST, TO
TREAT OPIATE OVERDOSE (FENTANYL OVERDOSE)
antagonistic effects
ABUSE OF OTHER SUBSTANCES, MOOD AND ANXIETY
DISORDERS, PARANOID, HISTRIONIC, AND ANTISOCIAL
PERSONALITY DISORDERS
alcohol dependence
ANTISOCIAL AND BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDERS
drug use
SCHIZOPHRENIA
alcoholism and polydrug abuse
- PROBLEMS OFTEN SEEN INVOLVE THE CNS (WERNICKE’S
ENCEPHALOPATHY AND KORSAKOFF’S PSYCHOSIS) - GI SYSTEM (ESOPHAGITIS, GASTRITIS, PANCREATITIS, HEPATITIS, CIRRHOSIS)
alcohol
- EXPERIENCE MALNUTRITION, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, AND STROKE
- IV DRUG USERS - HIV, TB, STDS, ABSCESSES, & BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS
cocaine abusers
INCREASES THE INCIDENCE OF RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS
smoking a substance
PREDISPOSES TO SINUSITIS AND PERFORATED NASAL SEPTUM
intranasal use
INFLAMMATORY, HEMORRHAGIC CONDITION OF BRAIN
CAUSED BY THIAMINE DEFICIENCY
wernicke’s encephalopathy
THE INDIVIDUAL IS NOT CONSIDERING
CHANGE
precontemplation
AMBIVALENT AND LIKELY NOT CONSIDERING
CHANGE IN THE NEXT MONTH
contemplation
ACTIVELY MAKING ATTEMPTS AT BEHAVIOR CHANGE
preparation
ACTIVELY WORKING TOWARD THE DESIRED BEHAVIOURAL
CHANGE, INCLUDING ENVIRONMENT AND EXPERIENCES
action
ACTIVELY WORKING TO MAINTAIN CHANGES MADE
AND PREVENT RELAPSE
maintenance
what are the levels of prevention?
primary
secondary
tertiary
REDUCING DEMAND FOR SUBSTANCE OR BEHAVIOR
primary
HARM REDUCTION
secondary
PROGRAMS, POLICIES, AND
INTERVENTIONS DESIGNED TO REDUCE OR MINIMIZE NEGATIVE
CONSEQUENCES FROM SUBSTANCE ABUSE
harm reduction
LIMITING OR REDUCING COMPLICATIONS
teritary
- A PROBLEM THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY UNDERESTIMATED, UNDETECTED, AND
UNDERREPORTED - DRUG DIVERSION OCCURS WHEN MEDICATION IS REDIRECTED FROM ITS INTENDED
DESTINATION FOR PERSONAL USE, SALE, OR DISTRIBUTION TO OTHERS. - IT INCLUDES DRUG THEFT, USE, OR TAMPERING (ADULTERATION OR SUBSTITUTION).
- DRUG DIVERSION IS A FELONY THAT CAN RESULT IN A NURSE’S CRIMINAL PROSECUTION
AND LOSS OF LICENSE. - COMMON DRUG DIVERSION OUTCOMES INCLUDE DAMAGED CAREERS, CIVIL AND
CRIMINAL PENALTIES, INFECTIOUS DISEASE OUTBREAKS, SEVERE PATIENT HARM, AND
EVEN DEATH.
drug diversion
A LIFELONG
DISABILITY THAT AFFECTS THE BRAIN AND BODY OF
INDIVIDUALS WHO WERE EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL IN THE WOMB
* ALCOHOL CAN INTERFERE WITH THE GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT OF ALL FETAL BODY SYSTEMS; HOWEVER, THE
DEVELOPING CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (THE BRAIN AND
SPINAL CORD) IS ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE TO THE DAMAGING
EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL.
* THE EFFECTS VARY FROM MILD TO SEVERE, MAY INCLUDE
PHYSICAL, MENTAL, BEHAVIOURAL, AND/OR LEARNING
DISABILITIES WITH LIFELONG IMPLICATIONS.
* THERE IS NO CURE, BUT EARLY AND APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS
CAN MAKE A POSITIVE IMPACT AND IMPROVE OUTCOMES FOR
INDIVIDUALS WITH FASD.
* FASD AFFECTS INDIVIDUALS FROM ALL SOCIOECONOMIC AND
ETHNIC BACKGROUNDS.
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
what are community resources and supports?
- HUMBERWOOD
- HOMEWOOD (LOCATED IN ONTARIO)
- THE RECOVERY CENTRE
- TUCKAMORE TREATMENT CENTRE
- THE GRACE CENTRE
- HOPE VALLEY TREATMENT CENTRE
- CHARLES J. ANDREW YOUTH AND FAMILY
TREATMENT CENTRE
