OBJ 2.2 Flashcards
Basement
Defined by what it is not; it is a story that is not above grade plane, as defined in IBC Section 202.
Atrium definition and biggest concerns for HSW
By definition, it is an opening connecting two or more floor levels that is closed at the top. The biggest concern for atriums involves the control of smoke. Atriums are required to have smoke management systems.
Flame spread and smoke generation
Requirements for how long it takes a fire to move along the surface of a building material and how much smoke is generated under fire exposure.
Area or occupancy separation rating
Requirements for how long it will take for fire to penetrate a wall partition, floor, or roof assembly.
Construction type
Categorized by materials based on their resistance to fire in structural applications.
Accessible route
A continuous unobstructed path connecting all accessible elements in a building and outdoor areas. Clear width = 36 inches clear except at doorways, which are minimum 32 inches clear. The running slope shall not exceed 1:20 (then it becomes a ramp).
Horizontal exit
A means of egress whereby occupants can exit one area of the building by going to an adjacent portion of the building that is protected by a fire wall.
Clear floor space for a single stationary wheelchair
30″ x 48″.
Detectable warning
Surface feature consisting of raised domes built into a walking surface or other element to warn of a hazard on a circulation path.
Floor area required for a single wheelchair to maneuver a 180-degree turn
A 60-inch diameter circle or a 5′0″ x 5′0″ T-shaped space.
Minimum width for passage of two wheelchairs
Sixty inches.
Maximum ramp slope per ADA
1:12 or 8.33%.
True or False? Clear floor area, turning space, and accessible route may overlap in bathrooms to meet ADA requirements.
True.
True or False? ADA is a national building code that is enforced in building inspections.
False. ADA is civil rights legislation passed in 1992 that property owners must conform to for protection against civil suits.
Flashover
A flashover is the sudden ignition and rapid spread of a fire engulfing a space. Flashover is caused by increased temperatures due to thermal radiation feedback, which is the energy that a room on fire radiates back to the combustible material in the room. This radiation raises the temperature to the point of ignition. Size, shape, contents, air supply, and insulation are all factors in how a space will flashover. A flashover means a fire is fully developed.
Backdraft
A backdraft is an event that occurs when a source of oxygen is introduced to a smoldering fire, igniting hot gases in the room and causing an explosion. It is an air-driven event in contrast to flashover, which is a temperature-driven event. Backdrafts occur in the decay stage of a fire.
How far does a handrail have to extend past the top and bottom of the ramp slope?
A 12-inch extension of the handrail is required.
The maximum distance between stair landings is ___ vertical feet.
Twelve.
Stairways wider than ___ feet need an intermediate handrail.
Five.
A door in a one-hour corridor must have a ___ minute rating.
Twenty.
A dead-end corridor is limited to 20 feet in an unsprinklered building and ___ feet in a sprinklered building.
Fifty.
___ is required for any objects mounted to the wall 27″ to 80″ above the finished floor that protrude more than 4″ into the path of travel.
Cane detection.
Restrained vs. unrestrained
In regard to fire-rated floor assemblies, restrained and unrestrained refer to whether a floor is connected to a supporting structure in a way that allows for it to expand longitudinally when subjected to fire. In other words, in a restrained assembly, the structure around the floor beams can withstand thrust from thermal expansion of the floor beams.
Type I Construction
Type I is the most fire-resistant type of construction. Examples: protected steel and reinforced concrete structures and high-rises.
Type II Construction
Type II is noncombustible construction. Similar to Type I but less fire-resistant. Examples: unprotected steel buildings and school buildings.
Type III Construction
Type III is ordinary construction. Exterior walls and structure are noncombustible or of limited combustion. Example: strip mall.
Type IV Construction
Type IV is heavy timber construction, also commonly called mill construction.
Type V Construction
Type V is wood frame and is the most combustible. A typical home is an example.
Subtypes A and B
Four of the five types of construction have subgroups of A or B. Subtype A means there is an additional layer of protection on the structural members that increases the fire resistance by one hour. Subtype B means unprotected. Type IV (heavy timber) does not have subtypes.
Autoexposure
In fire protection engineering, autoexposure is the spread of flames from one floor to the floor above along the outside of the building, through the windows.
Health codes
They regulate aspects of building design that have to do with sanitation. Examples include health care, food service, and swimming pools.
Truncated domes
A common type of tactile paving used as a detectable warning in pathways to alert blind people to street intersections and transit platform edges.
Fire protection and life safety objectives
- Preserve life.
- Preserve property.
- Continue to be able to use the building.
Fire protection and life safety strategies
- Fire prevention.
- Early detection.
- Quick exiting .
- Containment of the fire.
- Suppression of the fire.
Fire prevention
Achieved through limiting combustible materials and reducing hazardous situations that could lead to fire.
Fire detection
Achieved through any of various detection and alarm systems, including heat, smoke, or flame detectors.
Fire containment
Achieved through building materials, compartmentalization, and smoke control.
Fire suppression
Achieved through sprinkler systems and standpipes.
True or False? A bar serving customers on stools or while standing with a counter above 34″ is required to have an area with a lowered bar counter to serve patrons in wheelchairs.
True, unless that service can also be had at accessible tables in the same area.
True or False? Stack heights in libraries are permitted to be unlimited.
True.
True or False? Requirements for protruding objects apply only to accessible routes.
False. People are not required to use accessible routes; therefore, protruding objects are regulated on all routes.
Shorelining
A technique used by blind people to follow a line or surface such as walls with their canes.
Most important tables in the code to know for PPD case studies
Table 504.3: Allowable Building Height in Feet Above Grade Plane
Table 601: Fire-Resistance Rating Requirements for Building Elements (hours).
Table 602: Fire-Resistance Rating Requirements for Exterior Walls Based on Fire Separation Distance.
Table 716.5: Opening Fire Protection Assemblies, Ratings, and Markings.
Most important chapters in the code to know for PPD case studies
Chapter 3: Use and Occupancy Classification.
Chapter 4: Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use and Occupancy.
Chapter 5: General Building Heights and Areas.
Chapter 9: Fire Protection Systems.
Chapter 10: Means of Egress.
Chapter 11: Accessibility.
Chapter 12: Interior Environment.
Sprinkling a building allows an increase in allowable ______ and _______.
Height and area.
Convenience stairs
Stairs that are not for egress. Because they are vertical openings in the floor, they pose increased fire hazard and are subject to special code requirements.
IBC states that hardware height for door pulls, handles, latches, locks, and other operating devices shall be installed at _______″ minimum and _______″ maximum above the finished floor.
Minimum 34 inches and maximum 48 inches above finished floor. Typically, door knobs are located at 38 inches on center above the finished floor. Panic hardware and door pulls are typically located at 42 inches on center above the finished floor.
