OB - Diverstiy Text - The Categorization-Elaboration Model of Work Group Diversity

Question 1

Categorization-Elaboration Model

Answer 1

addresses work group diversity and its effect on performance

Question 2

diversity

Answer 2

reflects the degree to which there are objective or subjective differences between people within the group.

Question 3

job related diversity

Answer 3

concerns the functional background which is often grouped with variables like educational background

Question 4

diverse work groups tend to

Answer 4

experience more problematic group process, for instance in terms of disrupted communication, lowered cooperation, or relational conflicts.

Question 5

positive perspective: informational resource perspective

Answer 5

views diversity as an asset. Emphasis is on diversity as a source of information, knowledge, and expertise that may benefit the team.

Question 6

negative perspective: social categorization perspective

Answer 6

people are more attracted to similar others, and as a consequence homogenous groups function more smoothly than diverse groups.

Question 7

demographic diversity

Answer 7

age, gender…

Question 8

difference in terms of performance btw. demographic and job-related diversity?

Answer 8

no

Question 9

What is required to benefit from diversity as an informational source?

Answer 9

group information elaboration:

- the exchange, discussion, and integration of task-relevant information and perspectives.

Question 10

group information elaboration

Answer 10

key mediating process explaining the positive effects of diversity on performance.

Question 11

key moderator of diversity-elaboration relationship

Answer 11

processing motivation and ability, task requirements

(Diverse groups will only utilize their diverse informational resources to the extent that they are motivated and able to do so.)

Question 12

Which requirements to complex tasks have?

Answer 12

Information elaboration requirements.

Task complexity as moderator

Question 13

job related diversity is more important for

Answer 13

more complex tasks

Question 14

self-categorization theory

Answer 14

extent to which a categorization is cognitively activated

Question 15

comparative fit

Answer 15

refers to the extent to which a categorization captures similarities and differences between people.

Question 16

normative fit

Answer 16

indicates the extent to which the categorization makes sense within the individual’s cognitive frame of reference.

Question 17

cognitive accessibility

Answer 17

refers to the ease with which the categorization can be retrieved from memory and activated. The more easily a categorization can come to mind, the more likely it is to be salient.

Question 18

what does intergroup bias do?

Answer 18

disrupts information elaboration

Question 19

How does intergroup bias emerge?

Answer 19

Diversity can leads to social categorization and that can lead to intergroup bias.

The moderators are the normative fit, and identity threat.

Question 20

How to manage diversity?

Answer 20

develop an understanding in the group of the importance of information elaboration.

Motivation follows from understanding the importance of information elaboration.

Question 21

How can understanding be built in a group?

Answer 21

• through a process of team reflexivity (i.e. collectively reflecting on the team task and team process)
• through building awareness of the groups’ distributed expertise

Question 22

Can can motivation be enhanced?

Answer 22

by fostering a climate that puts a premium on learning from diversity.

Question 23

How can social categorization be weakened

Answer 23

through addressing the issue of normative fit.

- when a given categorization does not seem relevant to the individuals involved, it is less likely to be salient.

Question 24

What has the highest identification?

Answer 24

diversity is associated with a higher identification than homogeneity for people believing in the value of diversity.