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Abdomen ultrasound > OB > Flashcards

OB Flashcards

1
Q

the yolk sac generally disappears by week __?

A

12

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2
Q

the term threatened abortion/miscarriage refers to

A

vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks

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3
Q

empty GS with a MSD of ____ on TV indicates ____

A

25mm, blighted ovum/anembryonic pregnancy

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4
Q

with a beta of _______ the IUP should be seen on TV ultrasound

A

1500-2500

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5
Q

with a beta of _______ the IUP should be seen on TA ultrasound

A

6500

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6
Q

normal cephalic index

A

80

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7
Q

____ results in a lower cephalic index, ____ results in a greater cephalic index

A

dolicocephaly, brachycephaly

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8
Q

a Breus mole referes to..

A

a massive subchorionic thrombosis

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9
Q

a short umbilical cord is associated with

A

limb-body wall complex

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10
Q

body stalk anomaly describes

A

complete absence of the umbilical cord

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11
Q

most specific sign for true knot in umbilical cord is

A

hanging noose sign

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12
Q

describe the “halo sign”

A

with fetal demise, edema surrounding skull

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13
Q

which clefting combination is most likely the result of a chromosomal abnormality

A

Cleft lip and cleft palate (cleft lip can often be independant of chromosomal abn)

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14
Q

the fleshy protrusion in the face associated with holoprosencephaly is called

A

proboscis

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15
Q

SF absent ACC

A

teardrop ventricles (colpocephaly), high riding 3rd ventricle, sunburst appearance of sulci and gyri,

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16
Q

teardrop ventricles, banada cerebellum, lemon head, small 3rd ventricle - are all SF of which malformation?

A

arnold chiari 2

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17
Q

describe the measurements of normal, mild and severe ventriculomegaly

A

10mm, 10-15mm, >15mm

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18
Q

aqueduct of sylvius connects..

A

the 3rd and 4th ventricle

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19
Q

_____ is the m/c cause of ventriculomegaly/hydrocephaly

A

aqueduct stenosis

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20
Q

the risk of caudal regression syndrome is highly increased with

A

maternal diabetes

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21
Q

a highly active fetus is probably associated with..?

A

meroanencephaly

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22
Q

which side is most common for congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

left

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23
Q

why does gastroscisis have a better prognosis than omphalocele?

A

because it is rarely associated with other abnormalities (other than bowl malformations)

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24
Q

the most common form of cyanotic heart disease

A

tetralogy of fallot

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25
Q

hyperthyroidism increases the risk of which abnormality?

A

craniosynostosis

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26
Q

cephaloceles are a common finding with which syndrome?

A

meckel gruber

27
Q

m/c intracranial tumour

A

teratomas

28
Q

a finding of vein of galen aneurysm indicates the probable finding of?

A

hydrops

29
Q

m/c cause of hypertelorism

A

front cephalocele

30
Q

m/c cause of hypotelorism

A

holoprosencephaly and Tri 13

31
Q

micrognathia can be seen with

A

Tri 13, 18

32
Q

cystic hygroma m/c found with

A

turner’s

33
Q

the dominant form of achondroplasia

A

heterozygous

34
Q

rhizomelia is

A

short proximal limbs

35
Q

a compressible skull is seen with

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

36
Q

telephone receiver bones are seen with

A

thanatophoric dysplasia

37
Q

shortening of the entire limb is called

A

micromelia

38
Q

shortening of the distal limb is

A

acromelia

39
Q

another word for club foot

A

talipe equinovarus

40
Q

lung maturity indicator

A

distal femoral epiphysis (secondary ossification site) measures >/=3mm and the proximal tibial epiphysis is visible

41
Q

most skeletal dysplasias are mainly associated with micromelia, except ____ which is associated with rhizomelia

A

achondroplasia

42
Q

difference between achondrogenesis and thanatophoric dysplasia

A

achondrogenesis has short trunk, thanatophoric dysplasia has normal trunk

43
Q

to rule out all forms of holoprosencephaly

A

see the CSP

44
Q

parents of normal stature result in

A

thanatophoric dysplasia

45
Q

compressible skull can be seen with

A

OI 2, and hypophosphatasia

46
Q

difference between OI 2, and hypophosphatasia

A

hypophos - rarely fractures

47
Q

campomelic dysplasia is usually lethal with

A

tracheomalacia

48
Q

persistent hand clenching is seen with

A

T18

49
Q

polydactyly next to the thumb

A

preaxial

50
Q

polydactyly next to the pinky

A

post axial

51
Q

lobster claw hand

A

ectrodactyly

52
Q

m/c pathology of lower limb

A

club foot

53
Q

rockerbottom foot ax with

A

T18

54
Q

hypoplastic left heart

A

ax with turners in females, the most common cause of cardiac death in a neonate

55
Q

tricuspid regurgitation is seen with

A

ebsteins anomaly

56
Q

tetralogy of fallot

A

overriding aorta, VSD, pulmonary stenosis, right ventricle hypertrophy

57
Q

CCAMs get their blood from

A

pulmonary circulation

58
Q

omphaloceles are ax with which disorders?

A

beckwith wiedmeann, turners, tri 13, 18

59
Q

cloacal extrophy

A

OEIS complex: omphalocele, extrophy bladder, imperforate ANUS, spina bifida

60
Q

meckel gruber associated with

A

microcephaly, occipital cephalocele, polycystic kidneys, polydactyly (think MOPP)

61
Q

week range for amniocentesis

A

14-20

62
Q

week range for CVS

A

9-12

63
Q

tricuspid and pulmonary trunk atresia is found with

A

hypoplastic right heart

64
Q

mitral valve and aorta atresia is found with

A

hypoplastic left heart

Abdomen ultrasound (9 decks)

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